WEBVTT

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-This is paradise.

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You walk out your house,
you walk half a mile,

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you can fish, you can crab.

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-When you do,
you catch what we call big drags,

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and you that the shrimp,
and it\'s not always about the money.

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It\'s about the rush.

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-We have taken the richness
of what we had

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maybe too much for granted.

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We just drop a hook in the water
and something\'s on the end of it.

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We just put a pipe in the ground
and something comes up.

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-We had over a hundred days
of oil coming up

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from the bottom of the gulf.

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Those images had been burned

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into the imaginations
of the American public.

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-A lot of people refused
to eat Louisiana seafood product

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because of the oil spill.

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-This is not typical.

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Usually this is full of oysters.

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-I hear it, the invective, the anger,
the frustration, the disappointment.

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-It\'s all over the news.

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They cut corners.

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-This was a very beautiful,
pristine, eco-environment.

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What it is now, will never be
what it once was.

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-Is the seafood safe?

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Are the beaches safe?

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Yes, the water is safe.

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It is beautiful and pristine.

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-I\'ve never done a dive
when I didn\'t see

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a lot of invertebrate fauna
on the bottom.

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We saw a crab.

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One crab.

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People want to know
where\'s the oil and gas.

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Just because you can\'t find
it, doesn\'t mean it\'s not there.

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It means you\'re looking
in the wrong place.

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-This is about helping to restore
an environment and a way of life.

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We have stepped up as BP.

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People believe we\'re leaving,
but we are here for the long-term.

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[music]

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-If I can have your attention,
we\'re going to go ahead

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and get started
with this prayer service.

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I always call Grand Isle home,

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and so it is a blessing
for me to be able

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to encourage you tonight
as we remember.

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I know that we grieve the loss
of not only the 11 men

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who died that day, but I know

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that we grieve
the loss of many things.

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-On the night of the incident,
everything was business as usual.

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Beautiful weather, ideal conditions,
we had some radio communications

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in the rig [?], and no indications
of any issues at the time.

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Right before ten o\'clock
is when the first incidents happened.

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-I was awoken from
my sleep to the--

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-Breaking news.

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Emergency crews search for 11 workers
missing after a powerful explosion

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of an oil rig
off the coast of Louisiana.

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-I just went into autopilot,
put on my coveralls,

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grabbed my life vest.

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-We had heavy
smoke around the rig.

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The fire was
200 to 300 hundred feet in the air.

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-When we arrived
at the Damon Bankston,

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they lowered a rope ladder
on the starboard side of the ship.

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-17 people injured
in the initial blast

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have been airlifted to hospitals.

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About 100 survivors were taken
to shore by boat overnight.

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-We got a headcount of 115.

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There was 126 on board,
so we had lost that 11.

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-Emergency crews are racing
to find out whether the collapse

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of that burning oil rig is causing
crude oil to leak into the sea.

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-Amid the sadness, the first thing
a lot of people thought about was,

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\"All that oil, this can\'t
be good for the environment.\"

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-There\'s something special
about the waters here.

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With the Mississippi,
in the brackish waters that we have,

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our shrimp are sweeter,
oysters are plumper and saltier.

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It\'s just the way God made it.

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-The Louisiana coast, and I think
people have come to understand this,

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it\'s not a recreation place.

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People work there.

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Their lives are there.

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They\'re intertwined.

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It\'s part of our culture.

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[music]

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-30% percent of the oil and gas

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that goes to the nation
comes from our state.

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-We have oyster men,
then in the off-season,

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they go out on a rig
and help with the production of oil.

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-In the case of methane
and oil dynamics,

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the gulf is one of the best places
in the world to work.

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I love being on the water,
and the Gulf of Mexico, to me,

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is just one of the most special
places on the planet.

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When I first heard
about the explosion,

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I actually had some colleagues
who were out on the water,

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and they saw smoke.

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There were so many unknowns
in the beginning.

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All I could think of was,
if there was a breach in that pipe,

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\"Wow, this was going to be bad.\"

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There\'s a lot of oil
and gas in there,

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and the thought
of just having an open tap

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on the bottom of that reservoir
was simply terrifying to me.

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Then there was a week or two

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that went by where
people were saying,

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\"Oh, nothing\'s leaking.
Everything\'s fine.\"

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Yet, there\'s this slick
that\'s expanding,

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so you know something\'s leaking.

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It\'s not a leak, it\'s a jet.

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It\'s a fire hose of oil and gas.

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One evening, one of the crew members
spots an oiled bird.

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I have never seen a bird with a look
of sheer terror in its eyes.

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Howard and a couple of the other guys

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spent an hour washing this thing
down with Dawn,

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and that was when it went from
looking at instrument data

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and chemistry data to seeing

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a living being impacted
by the oil spill.

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[music]

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-Some people have asked us,
\"Are there large concentrations

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of oil under the sea?\"

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Those have not been found
so far by us

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or anyone else that\'s measuring this.

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-Back in 2000,
there was a joint industry project,

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called Project Deep Spill,

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and they basically
did a purposeful deep water spill.

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What they found was that
there were plumes,

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and it didn\'t just bubble
up to the surface.

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When this well exploded,
I expected there to be plumes,

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because of what I had read.

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These plumes,

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you can think of them
like you\'ve got a jet of oil and gas

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that\'s basically flying out
of the bottom,

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and it\'s reaching a neutral density,

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somewhere between
1,000 and 1,200 meters,

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and it\'s suspended there.
-Actually,

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everyone\'s out there
looking for these plumes.

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Haven\'t found them yet.

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The science of the plumes hanging
in the water doesn\'t feel right.

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-We found those plumes
of oil and gas.

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We did find something
very interesting.

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We found probably
the most intense plume

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that we\'ve seen out here
so far during this trip.

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-Researchers say they found massive
plumes of oil beneath the surface,

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some hundreds of feet deep.

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The largest is 10 miles long,
and 4 miles wide.

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Oil clouds that are stealing oxygen
and could be toxic.

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-We\'re talking about

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what should be a boring,
straight profile,

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going like this,

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and then shifting like a rocket,
and then staying out here,

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and then coming back down
and being boring and flat again.

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What I thought the plume story
would do was to motivate Noah

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and the response team
to get more ships out there

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to really look and see
how much of this oil and gas

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was in the deep water.

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It\'s a little to the south
of where the Pelican crews found

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their plume two weeks ago.

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Okay, great.

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I\'ll talk to you tomorrow then.

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That was interesting.

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The response that we got
was more like, \"You guys are crazy.

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There ain\'t plumes out there.

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It\'s all coming to the surface.

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Gas floats.
Oil floats.

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End of story.\"

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I am the chief operating officer

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for BP\'s Gulf Coast Restoration
organization.

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I was asked four days into this
to come to Houma, Louisiana

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to be the incident commander
representing BP\'s interests

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in that unified command effort
and have been here ever since.

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It\'s hard to share the challenges
that we faced as we\'ve gone

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from the early stages of the tragedy
of this rig exploding,

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11 men losing their lives,

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to then the reality of oil coming out
of this well at 5,000 feet.

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We brought together in those
first days almost 48,000 people.

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We had 6,500 vessels
on the water at its peak.

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It is a historic event,
but it is also a historic response.

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This event did bring
a very real impact

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to the fishing side of this

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when the federal waters
and state waters were closed.

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At the end of the day, it also had
very real impacts to the communities,

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to individuals, to businesses.

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It\'s changed forever
our way of life.

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[music]

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-Grand Isle is 7 miles long
with 3/4-mile-wide, it\'s paradise.

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All in one right here.

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You walk out your house,
you walk half a mile,

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you can fish, you can crab.

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I\'m a fourth-generation
commercial fisherman.

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I\'ve been doing it all my life.

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Usually, this time of the year,
we\'ll catch a lot of sponge crabs.

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As the crab,
they got the eggs at the bottom,

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they go lay their babies inland.

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I went out there five days
and in five days,

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I haven\'t caught a sponge crab yet.

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The worst part about the whole thing
is just what we can\'t do right now

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like we used to do freely.

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-Let\'s say there\'s
a new marketable skill

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that could be taught
through a vocational program,

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would anyone be interested
in something like that?

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-I can\'t read or write at all.

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I can\'t read or write or spell.

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What do you think
that\'s going to do with me?

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I tried a whole bunch,
I just can\'t learn.

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I tried.

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Why should I have to leave right now?

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That\'s my point.

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Why?

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This is BP\'s fault.

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BP should pay me to stay here.

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I shouldn\'t have to leave
to go work somewhere because BP\'s a--

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Excuse my language, that\'s the
way I feel about it.

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We\'re just recuperating
from Hurricane Katrina.

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Hurricane, I can fix my house.

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This, I can\'t go out there
and fix that.

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This is our livelihood.

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This is all I want
to do with my life.

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I want to be a commercial fisherman.

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-We\'re not shucking.

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We laid off 12 people,
10 of them shuckers.

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We have been shut down
since the spill, since the gusher.

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[music]

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-P&J Oyster Company
is 134-year-old business

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in the city of New Orleans.

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Been a foothold
in the French Quarter since 1921.

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I\'ve been here for 31 years,
my brother about 28 years.

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I worked my way up
through the business

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just like my dad did.

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-It\'s a fifth-generation
family business.

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Louisiana Gulf Oyster

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is the most consumed oyster
in America,

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we provide over 45%
of consumption of oysters in America.

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-Now this particular map
are the oyster growing areas

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and then between Areas 14, and 8,

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that\'s where we get most
of our oysters from.

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This year, we actually lost
our spring season.

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Areas 11, 12, 13
and 14 remain closed.

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There\'s concerns about oiling,

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there\'s concerns
about the dispersants.

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Then you also have areas

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that died
from the freshwater diversions.

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Due to the oil disaster,
the State determined

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that it would be best to turn on
the freshwater diversions

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to allow for this freshwater

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try to hold the oil
outside of the estuary.

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That actually killed
a number of oysters.

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This is where we hold the big sacks
and mini sacks and some gallons too.

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This is not typical.

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Obviously, it\'s empty.

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Usually, this is full oysters
for shucking and for half shell.

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For an oyster to come back

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can take anywhere from two
and a half to five years.

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Typically,
we would have people lined up

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on both sides here shucking oysters.

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We have about 150 wholesale customers

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or had about 150 wholesale customers.

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We have about a quarter
of those now.

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We usually shuck between about
30,000 and 35,000 oysters a day.

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We don\'t have the ability
to get the oysters

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we always have for so long,

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so we may be not able
to process oysters for some time.

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A lot of activity in here is loud,
a lot of clack, clack,

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clack of the oysters, and it\'s
a sound of what we like to hear.

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If the doors closed here,
it would be very emotional.

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I hope that\'s never the case.

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[music]

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-We began to evaluate the use
of government approved dispersants.

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Our response was built around

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how to manage and mitigate
the consequences of that oil

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on our fish and our wildlife.

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If you\'ve ever made spaghetti,

00:15:16.326 --> 00:15:20.040
and you put that bowl
of spaghetti sauce in your sink,

00:15:20.251 --> 00:15:24.921
immediately you get this reflection
of oil on the surface of the water.

00:15:25.328 --> 00:15:30.154
When you take your friendly,
dishwashing detergent

00:15:30.328 --> 00:15:33.008
and you drop a drop in there,
what happens to that oil?

00:15:33.176 --> 00:15:34.455
It actually breaks up.

00:15:34.669 --> 00:15:36.469
Dispersant is exactly that.

00:15:36.649 --> 00:15:40.287
It\'s nothing more than
a soap-like product that separates

00:15:40.455 --> 00:15:43.666
the sheet of oil
into individual droplets

00:15:44.199 --> 00:15:46.492
and causes those individual droplets

00:15:46.660 --> 00:15:48.310
to suspend themselves in water

00:15:48.478 --> 00:15:50.768
and being available then
to be consumed

00:15:50.936 --> 00:15:54.505
by the ecosystem,
as opposed to setting on the surface.

00:15:54.743 --> 00:15:57.991
-Louisiana\'s shrimpers worry
the dispersant is not good for them

00:15:58.159 --> 00:16:01.428
or their catch,
and they want BP to stop using it.

00:16:01.674 --> 00:16:06.813
-We\'re adding this toxic cocktail
to the ocean with no knowledge

00:16:06.989 --> 00:16:09.833
of whether or not it even
is going to make a difference.

00:16:10.001 --> 00:16:14.411
-BP says that it cannot find
a less toxic substance

00:16:14.579 --> 00:16:17.125
than the one it\'s using
in the quantities it needs.

00:16:17.293 --> 00:16:19.561
-This product was
independently tested.

00:16:19.820 --> 00:16:22.750
It is a product
that is found in household goods.

00:16:22.909 --> 00:16:26.229
Most importantly,
it was an effective product.

00:16:27.558 --> 00:16:30.291
-The problem is these
are toxic compounds.

00:16:30.459 --> 00:16:34.793
They contain hundreds
of chemicals, including solvents.

00:16:35.132 --> 00:16:38.544
The research that needs
to be done has not been done,

00:16:38.686 --> 00:16:42.532
so it\'s very hard to find out
what those chemicals effects were.

00:16:43.349 --> 00:16:46.684
-Our issue was we were one team
with one purpose

00:16:46.851 --> 00:16:49.311
and that was to prevent
to the best of our abilities,

00:16:49.589 --> 00:16:52.829
and stop the flow of that oil
coming from that well,

00:16:52.997 --> 00:16:56.356
and its impact to our environment
and to our shorelines.

00:16:57.740 --> 00:17:00.619
[music]

00:17:07.979 --> 00:17:10.826
-When I went down
to the Gulf of Mexico,

00:17:10.994 --> 00:17:13.750
the first time my primary mission

00:17:13.918 --> 00:17:17.601
was to look into the question
of the dispersants.

00:17:19.132 --> 00:17:22.960
[music]

00:17:29.192 --> 00:17:32.009
-Today, we\'re going out
into Barataria Bay

00:17:32.177 --> 00:17:34.359
where we have been sampling.

00:17:34.849 --> 00:17:36.699
We\'re going to visit
the sample sites,

00:17:37.262 --> 00:17:38.558
collect some samples

00:17:39.228 --> 00:17:42.807
and generally look
at the conditions there.

00:17:42.964 --> 00:17:44.357
-We\'re going to nose
this boat in the marsh

00:17:44.525 --> 00:17:45.856
and then we\'ll get samples here.

00:17:46.452 --> 00:17:48.752
-Until some
of these studies are done,

00:17:49.198 --> 00:17:51.326
we won\'t have hard data on it.

00:17:51.730 --> 00:17:53.730
We\'re still collecting samples.

00:17:55.070 --> 00:17:59.015
What we have here
are two red fish from Barataria Bay.

00:17:59.801 --> 00:18:02.326
We\'re going to dissect the fish,

00:18:02.494 --> 00:18:06.271
and I\'m going to take certain tissues
for contaminant analysis.

00:18:06.731 --> 00:18:08.512
The liver is the organ

00:18:08.652 --> 00:18:12.702
where the hydrocarbons
are metabolized and concentrated.

00:18:12.844 --> 00:18:17.615
That\'s the target organ
for this kind of analysis.

00:18:17.822 --> 00:18:21.872
The other thing
that I want to do is get the gills.

00:18:22.014 --> 00:18:25.509
When we get through
with the collection of samples,

00:18:25.636 --> 00:18:29.088
we\'ll start to analyze
all those samples

00:18:29.256 --> 00:18:33.216
for the toxic metals
that are components of the oil.

00:18:33.672 --> 00:18:34.794
I think the project

00:18:34.962 --> 00:18:37.582
will be one more solid
bit of evidence

00:18:37.731 --> 00:18:44.193
that dispersing oil in an oil spill
is risky and it does have impacts.

00:18:44.605 --> 00:18:48.088
I think we\'re going to be seeing
impacts for decades.

00:18:50.522 --> 00:18:52.823
-In the beginning when they start
using the dispersants,

00:18:52.991 --> 00:18:54.351
I was very upset.

00:18:54.646 --> 00:18:57.706
I didn\'t understand everything
about the dispersants.

00:18:58.515 --> 00:19:02.880
As we met with EPA, the FDA,
and the different agencies,

00:19:03.024 --> 00:19:05.284
we learned a lot about
the oil business,

00:19:06.362 --> 00:19:08.286
and we learned
a lot about dispersants.

00:19:08.781 --> 00:19:11.258
Dispersants did their job,
they broke the oil down,

00:19:11.362 --> 00:19:13.799
and then the microbials come in
and eat the oil.

00:19:14.037 --> 00:19:17.992
The dispersants have a life cycle
that\'s just isn\'t that long.

00:19:18.389 --> 00:19:20.817
They, dissolve or just go away.

00:19:21.825 --> 00:19:23.910
The seafood source
from the Gulf of Mexico

00:19:24.078 --> 00:19:26.479
is the most tested food source
there is in the world right now.

00:19:26.803 --> 00:19:29.569
We have to reprogram people,
educate people.

00:19:29.907 --> 00:19:31.857
BP put up $30 million for us.

00:19:32.378 --> 00:19:34.579
That gives us the
ability to truly do

00:19:34.747 --> 00:19:36.949
a national outreach
marketing campaign.

00:19:38.937 --> 00:19:40.926
I believe that they\'re
trying to make it right

00:19:41.094 --> 00:19:42.057
to the best of their abilities

00:19:42.225 --> 00:19:43.518
concerning the magnitude
of this thing.

00:19:43.749 --> 00:19:45.249
We needed those dollars

00:19:45.803 --> 00:19:47.403
to get our fishing communities
up and running,

00:19:47.569 --> 00:19:48.720
so we can continue to feed

00:19:48.888 --> 00:19:50.545
the people of Louisiana
and the nation.

00:19:51.570 --> 00:19:55.393
-There has been a strong coexistence
between the oil and gas industry

00:19:55.656 --> 00:19:57.934
and commercial
and recreational fishing

00:19:58.171 --> 00:19:59.715
for many, many, many years.

00:19:59.865 --> 00:20:02.448
In fact, as many
of the locals would say,

00:20:02.718 --> 00:20:05.568
if you don\'t work
in the oil industry, you\'re fishing.

00:20:05.760 --> 00:20:07.084
If you\'re not fishing,

00:20:07.252 --> 00:20:09.562
you\'re working in the
oil and gas industry.

00:20:12.432 --> 00:20:15.581
-Port Fourchon is actually
a natural resource

00:20:15.749 --> 00:20:17.502
that the people
in this community

00:20:17.670 --> 00:20:21.858
have taken the opportunity to develop
to support the oil and gas industry.

00:20:22.510 --> 00:20:27.237
Over the last 16 years,
we\'ve grown as a seaport

00:20:27.828 --> 00:20:31.981
from 14 companies
on about 200 acres of property

00:20:32.149 --> 00:20:36.945
to over 250 companies on over
1,700 acres of development property.

00:20:39.484 --> 00:20:44.674
[music]

00:20:48.739 --> 00:20:51.993
We actually had an economist
run a study for us.

00:20:52.161 --> 00:20:55.995
His findings were,
three weeks shutdown of Port Fourchon

00:20:56.153 --> 00:21:00.190
would cost $3.9 billion
to the nation,

00:21:00.833 --> 00:21:04.713
and I think the number was
79,000 jobs.

00:21:05.046 --> 00:21:07.704
We really need the drilling industry
to come back.

00:21:09.031 --> 00:21:11.949
-The Gulf of Mexico
produces mostly natural gas

00:21:12.116 --> 00:21:14.056
for homes and everything else,

00:21:14.739 --> 00:21:17.619
but as they talk about batteries
and electric cars,

00:21:17.787 --> 00:21:19.269
where do they generate
that energy from?

00:21:19.666 --> 00:21:22.745
They would\'ve create
the strength to charge a car up,

00:21:23.284 --> 00:21:24.816
something had to create that energy.

00:21:24.984 --> 00:21:26.876
-The simple reality
is the Gulf of Mexico

00:21:27.044 --> 00:21:30.464
is a very rich
fossil-fuel-potentialed environment.

00:21:30.632 --> 00:21:33.707
We need to continue
to develop those resources.

00:21:33.898 --> 00:21:36.528
It\'s one
of those essential commodities

00:21:36.661 --> 00:21:41.429
that each of us as human beings
need and want every day.

00:21:43.508 --> 00:21:46.709
-The moratorium itself,
we feel it was an overreaction.

00:21:47.309 --> 00:21:49.032
These communities
and these peoples

00:21:49.200 --> 00:21:51.881
and these workers
need the industry here.

00:21:52.210 --> 00:21:55.170
There were 30 something rigs
in the Deepwater Gulf

00:21:55.312 --> 00:21:56.924
by the time of the incident.

00:21:57.194 --> 00:22:00.970
Those 30 something rigs leave
and go elsewhere in the world.

00:22:01.312 --> 00:22:03.312
They sign five-year contracts.

00:22:03.947 --> 00:22:06.407
Even though we want
and have permits,

00:22:06.621 --> 00:22:10.235
there may not be any rigs to drill
those permitted areas.

00:22:10.938 --> 00:22:12.318
-You know what history
has taught us,

00:22:12.486 --> 00:22:15.698
that these oil companies will do
whatever they can get away with.

00:22:16.151 --> 00:22:19.972
In an RC, believe you me,
they\'re regulated.

00:22:20.139 --> 00:22:23.218
The fatality rate
is 1/4 what it is here.

00:22:23.393 --> 00:22:24.223
They don\'t have spills.

00:22:24.364 --> 00:22:29.893
These seas are as hostile
as you can get.

00:22:29.997 --> 00:22:31.225
30, 40-foot seas.

00:22:32.602 --> 00:22:33.642
You know why?

00:22:33.971 --> 00:22:37.280
An idea that, \"If you do that,
they won\'t come--\"

00:22:37.514 --> 00:22:38.845
They\'ll go anywhere the oil is.

00:22:38.940 --> 00:22:39.630
They don\'t care.

00:22:40.027 --> 00:22:40.875
I get it.

00:22:41.043 --> 00:22:42.369
They\'re motivated by something.

00:22:42.537 --> 00:22:43.842
Why are they in Norway?

00:22:46.495 --> 00:22:52.005
If we don\'t let them ravage and rape
and pollute us, they may leave us.

00:22:52.173 --> 00:22:53.973
They\'re not going anywhere.

00:22:56.444 --> 00:22:58.445
[music]

00:23:00.894 --> 00:23:02.709
-A moratorium on
drilling only accomplishes

00:23:02.876 --> 00:23:04.013
the loss of American jobs,

00:23:04.871 --> 00:23:08.021
the importing of more oil
from unfriendly nations,

00:23:08.538 --> 00:23:13.630
and makes America less competitive
in this global economy.

00:23:13.798 --> 00:23:15.776
Mr. President, this moratorium

00:23:15.943 --> 00:23:18.529
is not hurting
the stockholders of BP,

00:23:18.697 --> 00:23:21.277
this moratorium
is hurting the [?]

00:23:21.445 --> 00:23:24.120
and the [?]
and the Duprés in the government

00:23:28.770 --> 00:23:32.327
-We don\'t want a BP check,
we don\'t want an unemployment check.

00:23:32.468 --> 00:23:34.148
Let us go back to work.

00:23:34.286 --> 00:23:35.966
Let us go back to work.

00:23:36.276 --> 00:23:38.339
-Let us go back to work.

00:23:38.467 --> 00:23:39.867
Let us go back to work.

00:23:40.713 --> 00:23:42.192
-This is getting slimmer and slimmer.

00:23:42.516 --> 00:23:44.593
We see more boats leaving,
going overseas.

00:23:44.785 --> 00:23:46.226
We have more layoffs coming.

00:23:46.394 --> 00:23:48.262
We hear other companies
doing the same thing.

00:23:48.675 --> 00:23:51.537
It\'s a whole ripple effect
through the industry,

00:23:51.705 --> 00:23:54.804
not just from our point of view,
but from the community\'s.

00:23:55.256 --> 00:23:57.214
If there\'s not drilling,
the boats aren\'t working.

00:23:57.382 --> 00:23:59.159
The boats aren\'t working,
the truckers aren\'t driving.

00:23:59.327 --> 00:24:02.579
The truckers aren\'t driving,
the restaurants aren\'t selling.

00:24:05.410 --> 00:24:08.207
-The name of the restaurant
is called Sarah\'s Restaurant.

00:24:08.375 --> 00:24:09.226
That\'s me.

00:24:09.778 --> 00:24:11.758
I\'ve been here for 38 years.

00:24:12.449 --> 00:24:15.449
Now, I don\'t even barely make
enough to survive.

00:24:16.136 --> 00:24:19.790
All of the motels,
even the private homes

00:24:20.013 --> 00:24:24.365
that people owns that come down
on weekends was all rented out to BP.

00:24:24.883 --> 00:24:30.933
The outsiders that usually came
down had no place to stay,

00:24:32.142 --> 00:24:33.822
so they just didn\'t come.

00:24:34.343 --> 00:24:37.305
That knocked out all the
restaurants around here

00:24:37.530 --> 00:24:39.402
or anybody that served food.

00:24:39.953 --> 00:24:47.042
I don\'t know if we\'ll ever be able
to do what we did before the spill.

00:24:49.867 --> 00:24:52.198
-This is what BP still can\'t control,

00:24:52.366 --> 00:24:54.843
the oil leak roaring
at the bottom of the Gulf.

00:24:55.107 --> 00:24:57.753
Engineers
are now considering two options,

00:24:57.921 --> 00:25:01.103
the top hat containment dome
or an insertion tube.

00:25:01.181 --> 00:25:03.178
-These two techniques,
in theory, should work.

00:25:03.305 --> 00:25:06.025
We\'ve got the same challenge
we\'ve had since the beginning,

00:25:06.193 --> 00:25:08.383
which is this 5,000 feet of water.

00:25:08.519 --> 00:25:10.929
-The third option is the top kill.

00:25:11.097 --> 00:25:14.349
-Now, they hear
the top kill is not working.

00:25:14.520 --> 00:25:17.186
-It was very much waking up
every morning,

00:25:17.353 --> 00:25:19.670
having worked nearly
around the clock,

00:25:19.838 --> 00:25:21.982
knowing that a new spill
was happening every day.

00:25:22.647 --> 00:25:24.999
Representatives
from 13 different oil companies,

00:25:25.286 --> 00:25:27.143
from multiple universities

00:25:27.421 --> 00:25:31.716
from all over the world came together
to work on stopping that flow

00:25:31.884 --> 00:25:33.655
from that well at 5, 000 feet.

00:25:33.823 --> 00:25:35.423
-We now believe it\'s time to move on

00:25:35.591 --> 00:25:38.087
to the Lower Marine Riser
Package cap.

00:25:38.228 --> 00:25:42.016
-We had more than 123,000 ideas

00:25:42.184 --> 00:25:45.417
generated from a worldwide resource.

00:25:45.585 --> 00:25:49.126
That\'s the power of the media,
the internet, email.

00:25:49.294 --> 00:25:51.391
Then, of course, after 88 days,

00:25:51.559 --> 00:25:53.723
we were successful
in stopping the flow.

00:26:01.711 --> 00:26:07.282
-I\'m pleased to announce that BP has
agreed to set aside $20 billion

00:26:07.621 --> 00:26:10.885
to pay claims for damages resulting
from this spill.

00:26:11.169 --> 00:26:13.831
We\'ve mutually agreed
that Ken Feinberg

00:26:13.999 --> 00:26:16.302
will run
the independent claims process.

00:26:16.445 --> 00:26:18.853
Ken has long experience
in such matters,

00:26:18.988 --> 00:26:23.016
including running the fund
that compensated the victims of 9/11.

00:26:25.606 --> 00:26:27.184
[music]

00:26:33.406 --> 00:26:36.156
-How do you decide who to compensate?

00:26:36.842 --> 00:26:38.816
It\'s one thing to say,

00:26:39.085 --> 00:26:42.883
\"I will compensate the oyster harvester
who can\'t oyster,\"

00:26:44.157 --> 00:26:45.847
but how much documentation,

00:26:46.015 --> 00:26:49.298
how much do you ask
the oyster harvester to prove?

00:26:49.566 --> 00:26:51.987
-The services are closed right now,
and the oyster season,

00:26:52.155 --> 00:26:53.835
they\'re open and stuck.

00:26:54.448 --> 00:26:56.475
Can\'t fish oysters, can\'t do nothing.

00:26:56.968 --> 00:26:58.622
Waiting for BP
to take care of us

00:26:58.790 --> 00:27:01.366
because we ain\'t got
no income coming in.

00:27:01.804 --> 00:27:02.776
They\'re not paying me.

00:27:02.944 --> 00:27:05.166
They\'re paying my crew,
but not paying me nothing.

00:27:07.244 --> 00:27:10.054
-You were having a lot of trouble
getting your claim paid.

00:27:10.734 --> 00:27:12.538
-I haven\'t gotten a paycheck.

00:27:13.595 --> 00:27:18.004
We\'ve been interviewed
so many different times and nothing.

00:27:18.674 --> 00:27:19.964
Absolutely nothing.

00:27:20.514 --> 00:27:21.847
-I don\'t think Feinberg gets it.

00:27:22.015 --> 00:27:22.751
I\'ll give an example.

00:27:22.919 --> 00:27:24.843
One guy, he got a check for $1, 400,

00:27:25.010 --> 00:27:27.117
and they send him
something back, saying,

00:27:27.285 --> 00:27:31.431
\"Look, you\'re going to have to get
the captain of the boat to say

00:27:31.599 --> 00:27:33.915
that you\'re entitled to more money.\"

00:27:34.066 --> 00:27:37.095
The guy says, \"Hey, man,
I am the captain of boat.

00:27:37.361 --> 00:27:40.561
Who do I get to tell you
that I deserve more money?

00:27:40.679 --> 00:27:43.169
I am the guy.\"
-I gave him my licenses.

00:27:43.326 --> 00:27:44.871
I gave him my trip tickets.

00:27:45.559 --> 00:27:47.159
I gave him my taxes.

00:27:47.474 --> 00:27:51.107
I gave him my oyster lease\'s number,
the paper from [?] fishery.

00:27:51.273 --> 00:27:53.378
What more else he want than that?

00:27:53.546 --> 00:27:56.627
-They say that we\'re not giving them
all the information they need.

00:27:57.006 --> 00:28:00.072
My poor bookkeeper, he doesn\'t
even know what to do anymore.

00:28:00.176 --> 00:28:02.703
-We heard people in Walmart
deli were getting paid

00:28:02.878 --> 00:28:04.751
because they lost hours.
-Yes, that makes me angry.

00:28:04.919 --> 00:28:08.433
I\'ve been fishing all my life,
and he would tell me I got no proof,

00:28:08.601 --> 00:28:10.829
but you\'re giving it to barrooms
and everybody else.

00:28:10.938 --> 00:28:13.353
-It is a hard job.
It is a thankless job.

00:28:13.512 --> 00:28:14.642
You get a lot of criticism.

00:28:15.036 --> 00:28:19.994
I don\'t think it requires a specialty
other than sound judgment,

00:28:20.162 --> 00:28:21.986
strong backbone and a willingness

00:28:22.154 --> 00:28:25.592
to try and do the right thing,
which is what I\'m trying to do.

00:28:27.899 --> 00:28:29.019
-It\'s the freedom I get.

00:28:29.160 --> 00:28:31.027
You\'re on your own,
your own boss.

00:28:31.787 --> 00:28:34.908
Keep your rigging working
as long as you\'re making money.

00:28:35.527 --> 00:28:38.626
-For the claimants down in the gulf,
the shrimpers, the oyster people,

00:28:38.794 --> 00:28:41.373
the fishermen,
who aren\'t sure about the future,

00:28:41.493 --> 00:28:43.171
I offered an interim payment.

00:28:43.339 --> 00:28:45.564
\"Every three months,
document your damage,

00:28:45.732 --> 00:28:46.993
and we\'ll compensate you.\"

00:28:47.199 --> 00:28:49.422
If you\'ve already received
an emergency payment,

00:28:49.549 --> 00:28:51.304
and you have no more documentation,

00:28:51.472 --> 00:28:54.219
you can get $5,000
if you\'re an individual,

00:28:54.458 --> 00:28:56.608
$25,000 if you\'re a business.

00:28:57.416 --> 00:29:02.772
The quick payment in the last 6 weeks
has been paid out to 90,000 people.

00:29:03.090 --> 00:29:06.359
-I don\'t want a final payment
because once you settle

00:29:06.527 --> 00:29:09.517
with a final payment,
if the oysters don\'t come back,

00:29:10.195 --> 00:29:12.377
if they don\'t come back in three,
four years, you\'re screwed.

00:29:12.693 --> 00:29:15.347
-They\'re trying
to give us like $20,000.

00:29:15.634 --> 00:29:17.357
-$25,000.
-$25,000.

00:29:17.525 --> 00:29:18.426
It ain\'t nothing.

00:29:18.601 --> 00:29:19.679
That ain\'t no money.

00:29:20.078 --> 00:29:21.968
What you\'re going to do with $25,000?

00:29:22.582 --> 00:29:26.209
I just wanted to buy this motor here,
that\'s $13,000, just for that motor.

00:29:26.859 --> 00:29:28.861
They\'re saying that it\'s
going to be 10 years

00:29:29.029 --> 00:29:30.860
the oil is going to bother the crabs.

00:29:31.510 --> 00:29:34.036
$25,000 ain\'t going to last 10 years.

00:29:34.544 --> 00:29:38.488
-I had to go back to get food stamps
because it had got us suffering.

00:29:38.909 --> 00:29:43.422
-The idea that the quick payment
is some sort of incentive,

00:29:43.590 --> 00:29:45.727
people are economically deprived
and therefore,

00:29:45.895 --> 00:29:47.076
they better just take the money.

00:29:47.244 --> 00:29:49.280
That may be so in a very few cases.

00:29:49.496 --> 00:29:53.416
When you\'ve got 90,000 people
taking the quick payment.

00:29:53.557 --> 00:29:56.100
I suggest to you,
it\'s one of two reasons,

00:29:56.306 --> 00:29:58.398
they\'ve been adequately compensated

00:29:58.676 --> 00:30:03.024
or they simply cannot prove
any additional loss.

00:30:03.207 --> 00:30:05.475
-We\'re going to try
to survive through this,

00:30:06.476 --> 00:30:09.242
and we\'re hoping everything gets back
to normal where we can make a living.

00:30:09.410 --> 00:30:13.778
-If I could serve someone
and cook for someone, I\'ll stay open.

00:30:14.070 --> 00:30:17.040
-I ain\'t worried about the money,
they\'ve messed up our waters.

00:30:17.278 --> 00:30:19.269
They stopping me from doing
what I love to do.

00:30:19.499 --> 00:30:22.975
-I cannot compensate you
for the loss of lifestyle,

00:30:23.126 --> 00:30:25.666
the loss of culture,
the loss of heritage,

00:30:25.833 --> 00:30:27.506
no money can do that.

00:30:27.950 --> 00:30:30.948
I can just try and ease
the burden in one area

00:30:31.115 --> 00:30:33.429
and that is financial uncertainty.

00:30:38.277 --> 00:30:42.499
-In New Orleans
or Lake Charles or Lafayette,

00:30:43.119 --> 00:30:45.656
everything is centered around food.

00:30:46.165 --> 00:30:48.363
At breakfast, we talk
about what\'s for lunch, at lunch,

00:30:48.458 --> 00:30:49.558
we talk about what\'s for dinner.

00:30:50.125 --> 00:30:51.839
What\'s going to happen
to our fishing communities?

00:30:52.085 --> 00:30:53.952
That\'s a big concern for us.

00:30:55.398 --> 00:30:57.788
-Shrimp, onion,
bell pepper, tomato sauce.

00:30:58.126 --> 00:31:00.308
I usually make just brown gravy.

00:31:00.523 --> 00:31:02.065
I change over this time.

00:31:02.870 --> 00:31:05.708
change over this time.[French
Language] It\'s good.

00:31:06.272 --> 00:31:10.014
-I love eating this food
at conferences,

00:31:10.657 --> 00:31:14.309
but two weekends ago
was the first time that I ate crabs.

00:31:14.618 --> 00:31:17.946
As I\'m eating it I\'m wondering,
\"Is this really good?

00:31:18.113 --> 00:31:21.787
Am I going to get
some ailment from eating this?\"

00:31:21.955 --> 00:31:23.263
The studies say no,

00:31:23.430 --> 00:31:28.027
but there\'s still that apprehension
in putting that into our bodies.

00:31:28.416 --> 00:31:30.666
I think that upsets me the most.

00:31:31.016 --> 00:31:33.462
The fact that I\'m not comforted

00:31:33.763 --> 00:31:36.733
by the things
that have always comforted me.

00:31:36.971 --> 00:31:39.957
-The new generation of seafood,
the shrimp and the crab,

00:31:40.125 --> 00:31:41.943
I hope they can
handle the dispersants.

00:31:42.220 --> 00:31:45.349
I hope that they can metabolize,
and it can pass right on through.

00:31:45.868 --> 00:31:48.969
That\'s my main concern
is the far-reaching effects

00:31:49.137 --> 00:31:50.269
of the dispersants

00:31:50.436 --> 00:31:53.095
and what it\'s doing to the next
generation of marine life.

00:31:53.177 --> 00:31:56.820
-After the spill, my mother
didn\'t want nothing in the freezer,

00:31:56.988 --> 00:31:58.058
no shrimp, no nothing.

00:31:58.226 --> 00:31:59.290
She didn\'t want to put
nothing up in the freezer

00:31:59.458 --> 00:32:00.741
like we usually do every year.

00:32:01.115 --> 00:32:03.814
I usually get oysters,
and go around to my friends

00:32:03.982 --> 00:32:06.093
and open arches in the back
of the truck and drink beer.

00:32:06.597 --> 00:32:08.405
This year, I told them
we\'re going to drink beer,

00:32:08.675 --> 00:32:10.396
but I\'m not going to mess
with the oysters.

00:32:10.802 --> 00:32:13.347
I think the chemicals
that they put in the oil

00:32:13.490 --> 00:32:16.149
is going to do more damage
than the oil itself

00:32:16.990 --> 00:32:19.995
because I feel, like I said,
put pollution in pollution

00:32:20.163 --> 00:32:21.424
is not the solution.

00:32:23.328 --> 00:32:25.857
[music]

00:32:27.057 --> 00:32:29.738
-We are right at the opening
to the Mississippi Sound,

00:32:29.929 --> 00:32:33.037
and the Mississippi Sound
is connected to the Gulf of Mexico.

00:32:37.599 --> 00:32:42.059
[music]

00:32:44.325 --> 00:32:46.349
-From here to the mouth of the river,

00:32:46.531 --> 00:32:49.035
we have what 3,000 to 5,000 dolphins.

00:32:50.904 --> 00:32:52.837
There\'s one right back here.

00:32:53.337 --> 00:32:55.135
It\'s a very large population.

00:32:55.835 --> 00:32:58.440
Many of them come
to these shallow waters

00:32:58.607 --> 00:33:00.137
and bays to give birth.

00:33:00.962 --> 00:33:02.990
We\'ve been studying them
for about 30 years now.

00:33:03.410 --> 00:33:05.578
We are able to get a lot of database.

00:33:05.746 --> 00:33:09.080
Anything that happens,
like an oil spill or a hurricane,

00:33:09.600 --> 00:33:12.724
we are able to go back
to the basic data

00:33:12.924 --> 00:33:14.668
and see what change has occurred.

00:33:15.105 --> 00:33:18.565
We have been following
these changes after the BP oil spill.

00:33:18.740 --> 00:33:21.978
As time goes by, we\'ll be able
to get a composite picture.

00:33:22.154 --> 00:33:23.949
There\'s the bird.
There you go.

00:33:24.338 --> 00:33:26.683
The reasons dolphins
are a valuable resource,

00:33:26.851 --> 00:33:28.426
they are on top of the food chain.

00:33:28.594 --> 00:33:30.236
They are the sentinels
of the environment.

00:33:30.603 --> 00:33:33.066
Anything that happens to them
will ultimately happen to us.

00:33:33.585 --> 00:33:35.937
It\'s going to take time
for the answers.

00:33:40.546 --> 00:33:44.386
We also saw a large number
of turtles after the BP oil spill.

00:33:44.680 --> 00:33:45.748
On a normal basis,

00:33:45.915 --> 00:33:48.635
we would respond
to 10 to 12 dead turtles,

00:33:48.802 --> 00:33:50.156
1 to 3 sick turtles.

00:33:50.552 --> 00:33:53.854
This year we handled
about 57 sick turtles.

00:33:54.022 --> 00:33:57.186
By studying them, we will be able
to find out if indeed,

00:33:57.448 --> 00:33:59.028
the oil spill had a direct

00:33:59.195 --> 00:34:02.164
or indirect effect
on the mortality of these animals.

00:34:02.498 --> 00:34:06.021
-This turtle came in oiled
from Alabama during the oil spill

00:34:06.180 --> 00:34:10.129
and we decontaminated,
and it\'s been here for a while.

00:34:11.209 --> 00:34:13.278
She\'s got two little ulcers,
one right there

00:34:13.492 --> 00:34:15.232
and one on the very tip
of her tongue.

00:34:15.400 --> 00:34:18.144
I\'m going to have her collect
a swab for me,

00:34:18.333 --> 00:34:19.412
and we\'ll send it to a lab

00:34:19.580 --> 00:34:21.458
and do a culture
and see what we find on it.

00:34:21.720 --> 00:34:23.188
The oil can be very dangerous.

00:34:23.363 --> 00:34:26.960
Initially, when the first contact
with the oil with the hydrocarbons,

00:34:27.110 --> 00:34:30.245
you have to worry about irritation
to the mucous membranes,

00:34:30.396 --> 00:34:32.929
breathing it,
just the toxicity of oil.

00:34:33.097 --> 00:34:35.263
Now let\'s get
a blood sample from her.

00:34:37.374 --> 00:34:39.344
Many turtles came
in with pneumonias.

00:34:39.854 --> 00:34:41.240
That was one of the things

00:34:41.407 --> 00:34:43.726
that we were saying it might
be related to the oil.

00:34:43.917 --> 00:34:45.155
I can\'t say for sure.

00:34:45.323 --> 00:34:47.396
All right, we\'re done with him.

00:34:47.564 --> 00:34:49.100
We got all the blood we need.

00:34:58.165 --> 00:35:00.385
-I\'ve never been
on a cruise in the Gulf

00:35:00.553 --> 00:35:02.761
where I didn\'t learn something new,

00:35:03.009 --> 00:35:04.625
where I wasn\'t just shocked

00:35:04.758 --> 00:35:07.097
by something
that I saw in a good way.

00:35:07.431 --> 00:35:10.218
I\'ve learned so much
from working in that system,

00:35:10.410 --> 00:35:13.078
it\'s helped me grow
so much as a scientist.

00:35:13.276 --> 00:35:15.456
-[?] Checks are good.

00:35:15.800 --> 00:35:18.346
You have permission
to dive as soon as we\'re clear.

00:35:23.733 --> 00:35:25.722
-Natural seepage over these carbon

00:35:25.890 --> 00:35:28.043
from the sea floor occurs
across the globe.

00:35:29.491 --> 00:35:34.563
Under natural seepage conditions,
you take a submarine to the bottom,

00:35:34.754 --> 00:35:36.798
and what you see is typically,

00:35:37.024 --> 00:35:39.693
these structures
called methane hydrates.

00:35:39.942 --> 00:35:42.877
The best analogy I can give you
is a mogul on a ski slope,

00:35:43.045 --> 00:35:45.646
it\'s a big mound, except
its frozen gas

00:35:45.814 --> 00:35:46.983
instead of frozen snow.

00:35:47.216 --> 00:35:48.290
On the side of this man,

00:35:48.457 --> 00:35:49.923
you\'ll have a little trickle of gas

00:35:50.090 --> 00:35:51.830
just seeping out
into the water column,

00:35:52.129 --> 00:35:55.469
and it\'s literally bubbles
the size of your fingernail.

00:35:57.445 --> 00:35:58.852
Oil is the same way.

00:35:58.978 --> 00:36:01.191
It seeps slowly out of the bottom.

00:36:01.359 --> 00:36:05.146
It doesn\'t gush, it\'s just
trickling up out of the bottom.

00:36:06.008 --> 00:36:10.450
What that slow supply
of reducing material does

00:36:10.593 --> 00:36:13.395
is it allows microorganisms
to keep pace

00:36:13.563 --> 00:36:16.383
with the flux of the material
that\'s coming out of the bottom.

00:36:16.525 --> 00:36:20.715
A lot of the oil and gas is basically
eaten by microorganisms

00:36:20.883 --> 00:36:25.061
that are very well adapted to chewing
and digesting this oil and gas.

00:36:25.579 --> 00:36:27.277
Then there are these
foraging organisms

00:36:27.445 --> 00:36:28.308
that come into the seeps

00:36:28.476 --> 00:36:30.037
because there\'s just
a lot of food there.

00:36:30.371 --> 00:36:33.341
The diversity
that you see around a seep

00:36:33.578 --> 00:36:35.862
is like you would
see on a coral reef,

00:36:36.029 --> 00:36:37.354
it\'s just tremendous.

00:36:43.136 --> 00:36:47.743
These organisms can handle
the natural background flux,

00:36:47.924 --> 00:36:50.899
what they can\'t handle
is having buckets

00:36:51.138 --> 00:36:53.648
of material dumped
on their head essentially.

00:36:53.816 --> 00:36:54.816
That\'s what happened

00:36:55.095 --> 00:36:58.426
when oil sedimented out
of the surface water to the bottom.

00:36:59.006 --> 00:37:02.147
It essentially suffocated
the filter-feeding organism.

00:37:10.897 --> 00:37:13.497
We are now heading
to the wellhead area.

00:37:13.969 --> 00:37:16.140
It\'s going to be amazing.

00:37:16.308 --> 00:37:19.362
We\'re the first people to see
the bottom around the wellhead.

00:37:20.403 --> 00:37:21.850
I always try to be optimistic.

00:37:21.992 --> 00:37:25.405
I went down there thinking
that I wanted it to be the site

00:37:25.573 --> 00:37:28.392
that I had gone to before,
beautiful natural sea.

00:37:30.683 --> 00:37:33.586
I\'ve never done a dive
in the Gulf of Mexico.

00:37:33.754 --> 00:37:36.469
When I didn\'t see a lot
of invertebrate fauna on the bottom.

00:37:36.596 --> 00:37:38.886
At that site, we saw a crab.

00:37:39.278 --> 00:37:41.674
One crap that was alive.

00:37:42.724 --> 00:37:47.612
We saw sea fans that were
just coated with oil and dead.

00:37:47.929 --> 00:37:50.545
These organisms,
maybe 2, 3 feet high,

00:37:50.713 --> 00:37:52.087
but they\'re 500 years old.

00:37:52.536 --> 00:37:54.469
They\'re not going
to recover in a week

00:37:54.704 --> 00:37:57.186
or a month or a year or a decade.

00:37:57.750 --> 00:37:59.480
They\'re 500 years old.

00:38:02.008 --> 00:38:06.158
Nothing like this has ever happened
in a deep-water habitat before.

00:38:06.808 --> 00:38:10.010
You\'ve taken a system that
was functioning very effectively,

00:38:10.178 --> 00:38:12.946
to cleanse itself
of the small amount of oil and gas

00:38:13.113 --> 00:38:14.764
that was introduced naturally,

00:38:15.082 --> 00:38:18.311
and you\'ve injected into it
in a very violent way.

00:38:18.568 --> 00:38:20.976
It\'s just a mind-boggling
amount of carbon

00:38:21.144 --> 00:38:23.105
that\'s been injected
into the system.

00:38:24.817 --> 00:38:27.094
-Today, there is no evidence of oil

00:38:27.262 --> 00:38:29.550
in the sediments from the deep water

00:38:29.718 --> 00:38:30.471
all the way through

00:38:30.639 --> 00:38:33.026
to the shoreline accepting
in and around,

00:38:33.194 --> 00:38:35.311
right around the wellbore
approximately two miles.

00:38:36.160 --> 00:38:39.160
There\'s still that perception
that it\'s there,

00:38:39.285 --> 00:38:42.408
it\'s waiting and the first big storm
is going to come

00:38:42.576 --> 00:38:44.437
and bring the sea of oil.

00:38:44.784 --> 00:38:47.130
BP saying it
or the federal government

00:38:47.298 --> 00:38:48.751
saying it isn\'t enough,

00:38:48.952 --> 00:38:51.327
we\'ve got to get
the local scientific communities

00:38:51.666 --> 00:38:56.254
and global academic communities
supporting as they are

00:38:56.422 --> 00:38:58.670
that scientific assessment evaluation

00:38:58.980 --> 00:39:00.713
and demonstrating with confidence

00:39:00.881 --> 00:39:04.383
there isn\'t a big sea
of oil coming our way.

00:39:08.147 --> 00:39:10.123
[music]

00:39:12.474 --> 00:39:15.374
-This week is nothing
like what it used to be.

00:39:15.752 --> 00:39:20.848
Christmas in New Orleans
since it\'s a really Catholic city,

00:39:21.587 --> 00:39:27.257
people have always abided
by eating seafood during that week.

00:39:27.923 --> 00:39:31.241
It’s the first time
in my 31 years here

00:39:31.495 --> 00:39:33.075
that we never sold oysters

00:39:33.242 --> 00:39:36.240
to anyone walking
in during the holidays.

00:39:39.637 --> 00:39:41.264
[music]

00:39:44.040 --> 00:39:47.022
-Our concern is that how long

00:39:47.213 --> 00:39:50.703
this crisis is going
to play itself out.

00:39:50.871 --> 00:39:51.728
Is it two years?

00:39:51.863 --> 00:39:52.676
Is it five years?

00:39:52.844 --> 00:39:53.922
Is it longer than that?

00:39:54.105 --> 00:39:58.988
-The oil spill has put us
in a topsy-turvy situation.

00:39:59.201 --> 00:40:04.378
Typically, the farmers plant oysters
from September and into January.

00:40:05.051 --> 00:40:07.614
This year,
we were not even able to plant,

00:40:07.845 --> 00:40:09.591
first time ever
since I\'ve been doing it.

00:40:09.750 --> 00:40:11.272
I\'ve been doing it 28 years.

00:40:11.424 --> 00:40:12.803
-What is long-term?

00:40:12.971 --> 00:40:14.525
I mean, when is the next-
-What\'s the projection?

00:40:14.693 --> 00:40:15.059
--crisis?

00:40:15.227 --> 00:40:16.805
-Our oysters will take

00:40:17.427 --> 00:40:20.085
from this point two
to three years to come back.

00:40:20.403 --> 00:40:24.190
There are producing areas outside
of the Louisiana marshes,

00:40:24.373 --> 00:40:28.066
and P&J\'s going to make sure
that you guys have product.

00:40:28.693 --> 00:40:31.633
If we have to draw from other states,
we\'re going to do what it takes.

00:40:32.401 --> 00:40:36.130
-If I don\'t have oysters here,
which probably is 60%

00:40:36.298 --> 00:40:38.384
of my appetizer sales, where do I go?

00:40:38.557 --> 00:40:39.909
What am I going
to substitute it with?

00:40:40.077 --> 00:40:46.210
-We cannot lose the opportunity
to continue this family tradition.

00:40:46.701 --> 00:40:48.198
Now, people do appreciate

00:40:48.878 --> 00:40:51.740
from something that has happened
without our control,

00:40:52.017 --> 00:40:54.924
from the oil company
that didn\'t do the right thing.

00:40:56.819 --> 00:40:58.747
[music]

00:41:01.649 --> 00:41:03.172
-My name is Henry Mayfield.

00:41:03.330 --> 00:41:04.936
I\'m from Lafitte, Louisiana.

00:41:05.140 --> 00:41:06.957
Commercial fisherman and trawler.

00:41:08.861 --> 00:41:10.774
I\'ve been working
on my vessel to raise it,

00:41:10.949 --> 00:41:12.989
so that I can put more product
on the boat

00:41:13.157 --> 00:41:14.600
and work a little rough
weather maybe.

00:41:14.768 --> 00:41:17.236
I may have to work
on the outside in the gulf.

00:41:17.790 --> 00:41:20.419
I\'m feeling what happened
with the oil spill is going

00:41:20.587 --> 00:41:22.553
to affect a lot
of the inshore fishing.

00:41:22.914 --> 00:41:24.932
Shrimp are a very delicate animal.

00:41:25.100 --> 00:41:26.932
They\'re not going
to sit there and die.

00:41:27.100 --> 00:41:27.821
They\'re going to move.

00:41:28.115 --> 00:41:30.015
Hopefully, if that does happen,

00:41:30.182 --> 00:41:31.851
the preparation that I\'m making now

00:41:32.019 --> 00:41:35.722
and the expenses and money
that we\'re spending into the vessel

00:41:35.802 --> 00:41:37.080
is going to keep me working

00:41:37.248 --> 00:41:39.471
and allow me to keep providing
for my family.

00:41:40.873 --> 00:41:43.501
[music]

00:41:48.391 --> 00:41:50.669
-Jean Lafitte is mostly
a fishing community.

00:41:51.017 --> 00:41:52.113
I say it\'s paradise.

00:41:52.288 --> 00:41:55.713
We\'ve had five major
disasters in the last five years

00:41:55.880 --> 00:41:57.281
and nobody\'s leaving,

00:41:57.449 --> 00:41:59.074
that will to tell you something.

00:42:00.037 --> 00:42:02.652
While I was a commercial fisherman
from when I was 18 years old.

00:42:02.820 --> 00:42:04.264
I\'ve done commercial fishing
for five years,

00:42:04.432 --> 00:42:06.157
I grew up with these guys.

00:42:06.325 --> 00:42:08.175
I played football with these guys.

00:42:08.276 --> 00:42:08.794
I bought shrimp.

00:42:08.962 --> 00:42:10.518
I had a seafood dock.

00:42:10.806 --> 00:42:13.319
I know all these guys,
their families personally.

00:42:13.685 --> 00:42:15.810
Right now, a lot
of fisher people are suffering

00:42:15.978 --> 00:42:18.654
because they didn\'t make anything
for the whole year.

00:42:19.118 --> 00:42:20.678
If they don\'t catch shrimp,
they don\'t catch crab,

00:42:20.846 --> 00:42:23.923
they don\'t catch oysters or fish,
they don\'t make any money.

00:42:26.418 --> 00:42:29.580
-Right now we ought to be catching
a lot more than we catching.

00:42:29.748 --> 00:42:31.615
-Ain\'t no more crab right now.

00:42:31.794 --> 00:42:33.335
-Not at all.
Not at all.

00:42:33.573 --> 00:42:35.966
-This is a crazy year.

00:42:36.134 --> 00:42:37.808
I ain\'t never saw nothing like this.

00:42:38.310 --> 00:42:40.256
I\'ve been doing this
since I was about five years old.

00:42:40.486 --> 00:42:41.756
-It\'s been bad right now.

00:42:42.212 --> 00:42:45.037
-Little crab,
barely makes amend, junk.

00:42:45.205 --> 00:42:47.969
They\'re 65¢ a pound,
you can\'t make no money on that.

00:42:48.800 --> 00:42:51.233
A lot of them die
before you even get in,

00:42:51.469 --> 00:42:54.458
you don\'t get paid for dead loss.
-Usually, we get to trawl,

00:42:54.626 --> 00:42:55.641
come up by the water.

00:42:55.809 --> 00:42:58.806
Overnight, you get a dozen,
dozen and a half you\'re lucky.

00:42:58.974 --> 00:43:02.694
After five days, you\'re lucky
if you\'ve got six crabs in the trap.

00:43:02.822 --> 00:43:04.262
-I\'m 27 years old.

00:43:04.644 --> 00:43:07.401
I fish with my daddy all my life.

00:43:07.569 --> 00:43:09.137
That\'s all I know.

00:43:10.331 --> 00:43:12.957
I know how to catch crabs,
and make babies that\'s it.

00:43:13.125 --> 00:43:14.686
I\'ve got three kids.
-Family, three kids.

00:43:14.854 --> 00:43:15.854
-Both of us.

00:43:16.187 --> 00:43:20.036
-Our children won\'t be taking up
the tradition in fishing.

00:43:26.120 --> 00:43:27.465
-I\'ve heard the same thing

00:43:27.632 --> 00:43:30.408
that they don\'t look healthy
they\'re very lethargic.

00:43:30.691 --> 00:43:35.080
They\'re way smaller
than usual suggesting mortality

00:43:35.248 --> 00:43:37.134
of the larger crabs, I don\'t know.

00:43:38.050 --> 00:43:43.047
This is a site, two nautical
miles from the wellhead.

00:43:43.355 --> 00:43:46.489
On this dive, we did catch one crab.

00:43:47.005 --> 00:43:49.133
He has barnacles
growing all over his body.

00:43:49.479 --> 00:43:52.488
It means it\'s not healthy because
typically they don\'t have barnacles

00:43:52.656 --> 00:43:53.735
growing on their shells.

00:43:54.163 --> 00:43:56.086
Part of his body is healthy

00:43:56.254 --> 00:43:58.527
and the other part has been
immunocompromised,

00:43:58.695 --> 00:44:01.157
and somehow he\'s not able
to keep these barnacles

00:44:01.325 --> 00:44:02.405
from settling on his body.

00:44:02.731 --> 00:44:05.035
The crabs in the deep sea
are being impacted,

00:44:05.162 --> 00:44:06.642
and if they\'re being impacted,

00:44:06.810 --> 00:44:11.141
then how can the ones near
shore not be impacted?

00:44:14.470 --> 00:44:17.635
-One of the key issues that
commercial fishing has faced

00:44:17.803 --> 00:44:20.623
from the Gulf of Mexico
has been the safety of the seafood.

00:44:20.851 --> 00:44:25.408
Working together with the FDA,
the EPA, and the five states,

00:44:25.576 --> 00:44:28.817
tremendous efforts
have been put in place to sample

00:44:28.985 --> 00:44:34.676
and test all seafood to ensure
that not only were they clean

00:44:34.844 --> 00:44:37.212
of hydrocarbon contamination,

00:44:37.380 --> 00:44:40.250
but also of dispersive impacts
and consequences.

00:44:41.165 --> 00:44:45.581
Thousands and thousands of species
tests have been completed

00:44:45.749 --> 00:44:51.088
and not a single fish has exhibited
a concern associated

00:44:51.256 --> 00:44:52.900
with human health risks

00:44:53.067 --> 00:44:56.179
for either oil toxicity
or for dispersive.

00:44:58.798 --> 00:45:02.376
[music]

00:45:05.426 --> 00:45:06.691
-These are all crab tanks.

00:45:06.859 --> 00:45:07.699
If you see there,

00:45:08.030 --> 00:45:10.428
I don\'t have them ready
because there\'s no crabs.

00:45:10.732 --> 00:45:13.683
Box holds about eight dozen live,
and they\'re swimming in here,

00:45:13.851 --> 00:45:15.103
so the people get to see their crabs.

00:45:15.683 --> 00:45:17.471
I got nine crabs
today in the trap.

00:45:17.630 --> 00:45:18.686
I had 10 traps out.

00:45:19.147 --> 00:45:22.352
Nine crabs in two days,
that\'s what I had today.

00:45:27.264 --> 00:45:30.092
My father wanted a grandson to be
a commercial fisherman,

00:45:30.346 --> 00:45:32.093
because, like I said,
we some of these oyster business,

00:45:32.261 --> 00:45:33.773
been in the family
over a hundred years.

00:45:34.010 --> 00:45:35.711
-I\'ve been trawling
since I was a kid.

00:45:36.557 --> 00:45:40.077
Got my own boat when I was 15,
been doing it ever since.

00:45:40.245 --> 00:45:40.999
I love it.

00:45:41.285 --> 00:45:42.463
It\'s the only way of life.

00:45:42.631 --> 00:45:44.237
That\'s I know how to make a life.

00:45:44.405 --> 00:45:46.597
-This is really the only
fifth-generation we have left.

00:45:46.765 --> 00:45:49.675
My father would like to see
the generation go on and on.

00:45:50.227 --> 00:45:51.627
-I didn\'t finish school.

00:45:51.795 --> 00:45:53.795
I like doing what I was doing.

00:45:54.617 --> 00:45:58.114
I tried going to work on other jobs,
but just kept on coming back.

00:45:58.282 --> 00:46:00.216
I wanted to go back trawling.

00:46:01.212 --> 00:46:04.670
I hope for sure I can keep on
doing what I\'m doing.

00:46:05.880 --> 00:46:07.509
-When I finish my livelihood,

00:46:07.676 --> 00:46:10.488
there\'s going to be more
more generation in life.

00:46:10.881 --> 00:46:12.333
The family going [?] go,

00:46:12.500 --> 00:46:14.404
and it\'s going to
be a dying industry,

00:46:14.532 --> 00:46:15.609
and we don\'t want that.

00:46:15.893 --> 00:46:17.710
Mom and dad bought
the property years ago.

00:46:17.878 --> 00:46:20.125
That way, we wanted all our kids
in the same neighborhood.

00:46:20.293 --> 00:46:22.085
That way the grandkids
just go walk across the street.

00:46:22.253 --> 00:46:23.384
When we didn\'t want
them, they move,

00:46:23.551 --> 00:46:24.890
we can send them
back across the street.

00:46:25.149 --> 00:46:26.013
We love each other.

00:46:26.181 --> 00:46:27.056
We love all of us.

00:46:27.224 --> 00:46:31.947
That\'s just the way we are, and just
that\'s the way of life in Grand Isle.

00:46:44.986 --> 00:46:49.694
-What you do when you don\'t have
funds coming in, you reduce.

00:46:50.545 --> 00:46:52.331
As much as I love the people

00:46:52.498 --> 00:46:54.683
that I grew up with
here in the business,

00:46:55.307 --> 00:46:56.587
we had to let them go.

00:46:56.755 --> 00:46:57.857
We weren\'t getting
any of the product

00:46:58.025 --> 00:47:00.128
that we normally would get.

00:47:01.226 --> 00:47:03.829
One of the guys
that we had to lay off,

00:47:03.997 --> 00:47:07.369
I got him to go start picking up
a few oysters in Texas

00:47:07.536 --> 00:47:09.158
from a friend of
ours over there.

00:47:09.967 --> 00:47:13.301
I feel confident that
they can come close

00:47:13.468 --> 00:47:16.546
to what we don\'t
have for them here.

00:47:18.602 --> 00:47:22.212
We have to set ourselves apart since
we\'re not processing oysters again,

00:47:22.380 --> 00:47:23.684
make sure that the oysters

00:47:23.851 --> 00:47:26.278
that we are getting
are of the highest quality,

00:47:26.524 --> 00:47:28.591
even if it\'s in limited supply.

00:47:28.759 --> 00:47:32.487
Wayne, let\'s cut this open
and see what we got here.

00:47:34.230 --> 00:47:36.642
If you look at these oysters
right here,

00:47:36.809 --> 00:47:38.518
they\'re nice round oysters.

00:47:38.919 --> 00:47:40.852
They\'re all single and clean.

00:47:42.498 --> 00:47:44.178
You see this is nice.

00:47:44.313 --> 00:47:46.349
It\'s got a nice eye

00:47:46.517 --> 00:47:51.137
and fabulous.

00:47:51.700 --> 00:47:55.741
-We laid off 12 people,
and the people that are working here

00:47:55.909 --> 00:47:58.186
that are left is very part-time.

00:47:58.766 --> 00:48:02.826
-I\'ve been here 23 years,
man, it never got this bad.

00:48:04.517 --> 00:48:06.033
When you get to that age,

00:48:06.470 --> 00:48:08.163
ain\'t nothing
you know how to do but this.

00:48:08.639 --> 00:48:11.409
They ain\'t going to hire
a guy 50-something years old

00:48:11.949 --> 00:48:13.163
on any kind of job.

00:48:13.331 --> 00:48:14.853
You know what I\'m saying?

00:48:14.981 --> 00:48:17.488
Hopefully, I hope they get better,
you know what I mean?

00:48:18.097 --> 00:48:21.765
Because I still got bills
and I got young kids to care of.

00:48:23.099 --> 00:48:25.189
I never thought
it was going to get this bad,

00:48:25.357 --> 00:48:28.224
but that\'s just something
that just happens.

00:48:38.068 --> 00:48:40.402
-It\'s the next best thing basically.

00:48:41.206 --> 00:48:43.285
It\'s not our oysters,
it\'s not Louisiana.

00:48:43.453 --> 00:48:44.573
-Good morning.

00:48:44.825 --> 00:48:48.017
How are doing--
People enjoying the oysters?

00:48:48.429 --> 00:48:49.429
-Yes.

00:48:49.597 --> 00:48:50.914
-It\'s going to happen.

00:48:51.086 --> 00:48:52.538
I\'m optimistic.

00:48:52.986 --> 00:48:54.666
-How are you all doing?

00:48:55.871 --> 00:48:57.772
Yes, I got you oysters today.

00:49:00.584 --> 00:49:02.423
-I\'ve got what we call a trinity.

00:49:02.852 --> 00:49:05.672
That\'s some celery,
onions, bell pepper,

00:49:06.120 --> 00:49:09.300
and I got some
of Sal\'s beautiful oysters over here.

00:49:09.890 --> 00:49:12.020
All I can do is put my faith in P&J.

00:49:12.370 --> 00:49:14.590
I take their word that
it\'s a great product.

00:49:14.758 --> 00:49:17.433
If they\'re going to put
their name behind that product,

00:49:17.601 --> 00:49:19.401
I got all my faith in them.

00:49:20.719 --> 00:49:22.894
-This
is the worst environmental disaster

00:49:23.062 --> 00:49:23.902
in the history of our country,

00:49:24.070 --> 00:49:26.710
and we have launched
the largest response,

00:49:26.878 --> 00:49:29.654
almost 7,000 vessels,
more than 40,000 people.

00:49:29.822 --> 00:49:31.942
I think what the scientists
are telling us today

00:49:32.110 --> 00:49:32.958
is that made a difference.

00:49:33.062 --> 00:49:34.333
That almost 3/4 of the oil

00:49:34.500 --> 00:49:36.710
was actually captured,
cleaned, and skimmed.

00:49:37.028 --> 00:49:39.186
-Everybody is just
a little too anxious

00:49:39.330 --> 00:49:41.460
to pat themselves on the back

00:49:41.768 --> 00:49:43.017
and talk about a job well done.

00:49:43.184 --> 00:49:46.300
If 70% of it is gone,
which there\'s still 30% left,

00:49:46.467 --> 00:49:47.728
that\'s a lot of oil.

00:49:48.525 --> 00:49:51.358
Did you watch that thing spewing
that junk out throughout

00:49:51.526 --> 00:49:52.615
that period of time?

00:49:55.641 --> 00:49:59.219
[music]

00:50:01.327 --> 00:50:04.398
-What we\'re looking at here
is an area called Chaland Beach,

00:50:04.533 --> 00:50:07.583
which is on the western side
of the Mississippi Delta,

00:50:07.733 --> 00:50:11.381
where the Mississippi River
pours into the Gulf of Mexico.

00:50:11.663 --> 00:50:14.825
This section serves
as an important barrier to protect

00:50:14.993 --> 00:50:17.534
the sensitive marshes and wetlands.

00:50:20.105 --> 00:50:21.999
This beach is actually now clean.

00:50:22.167 --> 00:50:25.677
This has been completed in terms
of its restoration and recovery,

00:50:25.882 --> 00:50:29.946
and you can see it looks like
any normal beach covered with shells.

00:50:30.114 --> 00:50:31.838
You can see the tide zones on it.

00:50:32.925 --> 00:50:36.370
Out of 11,000 miles
of Gulf Coast shoreline,

00:50:36.538 --> 00:50:39.676
we ultimately only had 1,000 miles
that were impacted,

00:50:39.844 --> 00:50:43.595
and 400 of those miles actually
requiring mechanical cleanup.

00:50:44.812 --> 00:50:48.346
At the same time, oil was being
deposited on these beaches,

00:50:48.514 --> 00:50:52.751
sand is moving from offshore
to onshore, which was burying it.

00:50:54.012 --> 00:50:57.120
You\'ve got this challenge
that it leaves all of this material.

00:50:57.850 --> 00:51:00.906
What we would like to do
is to mechanically clean

00:51:01.136 --> 00:51:04.964
down to the depth necessary
to recover that buried oil.

00:51:05.280 --> 00:51:06.060
In some cases,

00:51:06.227 --> 00:51:09.752
there are environmental
and-or ownership reasons

00:51:09.920 --> 00:51:13.145
that have limited our abilities
to only do that manually.

00:51:16.052 --> 00:51:22.795
[music]

00:51:36.481 --> 00:51:39.436
-This is all of the cleanup effort,
the workers are coming in now.

00:51:39.604 --> 00:51:41.079
It\'s time for them
to break for lunch.

00:51:41.246 --> 00:51:45.978
They\'ll go up to the staging area
where BP contractors feed them,

00:51:46.160 --> 00:51:47.343
and then they\'ll come back out

00:51:47.511 --> 00:51:49.979
and they\'ll start doing
that work all over again.

00:51:53.012 --> 00:51:54.994
That\'s a tar ball.

00:51:56.531 --> 00:51:57.982
Now, that\'s a small one.

00:51:58.150 --> 00:51:59.211
It come in various sizes.

00:51:59.362 --> 00:52:02.382
If you break it open
you bring it up to your nose,

00:52:02.636 --> 00:52:05.614
you have that very distinct
bouquet of hydrocarbon.

00:52:06.744 --> 00:52:08.326
It\'s unmistakable.

00:52:15.644 --> 00:52:18.865
-This is an example
of what we\'re finding,

00:52:19.033 --> 00:52:22.997
and this is an area that we were told
that needed no further treatment.

00:52:23.646 --> 00:52:25.796
This is oil, as you can see.

00:52:26.700 --> 00:52:31.757
It\'s been exposed
by constant changes on this beach.

00:52:31.940 --> 00:52:33.674
-It needs to be recovered.

00:52:34.164 --> 00:52:35.742
All of it needs to be recovered.

00:52:37.523 --> 00:52:39.429
See that dark line?
That\'s oil.

00:52:40.238 --> 00:52:41.448
See how thick it is there?

00:52:41.616 --> 00:52:43.302
About an inch and a half,
2 inches thick.

00:52:43.443 --> 00:52:46.712
The only way to retrieve it?

00:52:47.127 --> 00:52:50.443
Scrape down your topsoil
to get at the oil,

00:52:50.998 --> 00:52:53.971
then scrape off the oil
to get the clean sand.

00:52:54.771 --> 00:52:56.392
Laborious?
Absolutely.

00:52:56.560 --> 00:52:58.255
Time consuming?
Absolutely.

00:52:58.788 --> 00:53:01.241
Necessary?
Absolutely.

00:53:01.822 --> 00:53:04.422
It\'s almost a battleground,
if you will.

00:53:05.075 --> 00:53:10.249
You don\'t send your troops out
into battle with a possible maybe,

00:53:10.417 --> 00:53:13.611
a trial and error, if you will,
but we have here.

00:53:14.274 --> 00:53:17.712
-This beach was holding on
by its fingernails,

00:53:17.965 --> 00:53:20.334
rapidly eroding
into the Gulf of Mexico,

00:53:20.502 --> 00:53:23.247
and having maybe a quarter
of the sand on our beach removed,

00:53:23.564 --> 00:53:25.244
it\'s devastating to us.

00:53:27.976 --> 00:53:32.174
-This was a very beautiful,
pristine, eco environment,

00:53:32.460 --> 00:53:33.772
that\'s forever changing.

00:53:34.944 --> 00:53:41.184
Unfortunately, what it is now,
we\'ll never be what it once was,

00:53:41.564 --> 00:53:43.780
because there is copious
amounts of oil left.

00:53:44.454 --> 00:53:48.153
BP has done an awful lot,
but my goodness gracious,

00:53:48.488 --> 00:53:50.816
there\'s an awful lot more
that needs to be done.

00:53:51.251 --> 00:53:57.091
-We\'ve had to scream loudly and often
to get the attention we need to try

00:53:57.259 --> 00:54:00.932
and maintain the pressure
to get this done properly.

00:54:01.463 --> 00:54:03.525
-You want my very
personal opinion?

00:54:04.348 --> 00:54:08.247
As you take the dadgum checkbook,
you set it aside, you start thinking

00:54:08.938 --> 00:54:11.864
about the human factor
and I think we\'ll find a solution.

00:54:12.615 --> 00:54:14.600
If we put it into perspective,

00:54:14.767 --> 00:54:16.754
it could be your son or daughter

00:54:16.922 --> 00:54:18.080
that\'s going to be affected,

00:54:18.248 --> 00:54:20.836
because we failed
to do what we needed to do.

00:54:32.235 --> 00:54:33.255
-This is Bay Jimmy.

00:54:33.423 --> 00:54:35.373
As you can see,
they\'re still all along the bank.

00:54:35.937 --> 00:54:38.020
Bay Jimmy is one
of the best fishing areas.

00:54:38.310 --> 00:54:41.195
This is where the shrimp
will lay eggs offshore,

00:54:41.363 --> 00:54:42.325
and they\'ll come in

00:54:42.492 --> 00:54:44.445
and this is where they actually grow.

00:54:46.560 --> 00:54:47.971
Without this marshland,

00:54:48.353 --> 00:54:50.701
you wouldn\'t have
a brown shrimp season

00:54:50.868 --> 00:54:52.336
or a white shrimp season.

00:54:53.371 --> 00:54:56.307
For the last four or five months
all you\'d have heard on TV

00:54:56.459 --> 00:55:00.009
is that everything\'s great,
comeback, the oil\'s gone.

00:55:00.951 --> 00:55:02.788
I hate to say it, but all that’s BS.

00:55:07.058 --> 00:55:08.482
The minute the media left,

00:55:08.926 --> 00:55:11.077
they didn\'t care
if they still had oil out there.

00:55:11.245 --> 00:55:14.570
What they did, they just
started laying people off

00:55:14.848 --> 00:55:15.926
and getting people out of the area.

00:55:16.241 --> 00:55:18.325
I think they did
it way too fast.

00:55:19.413 --> 00:55:20.466
It just tells me

00:55:20.634 --> 00:55:25.553
that a lot of what they did
at the beginning was PR,

00:55:26.791 --> 00:55:31.499
and now that the cameras are gone,
they\'re not showing

00:55:31.667 --> 00:55:33.478
that they really care a whole lot.

00:55:35.902 --> 00:55:38.981
-One of the real challenges we\'ve had
from a public perspective

00:55:39.149 --> 00:55:42.038
is why is it taking us so long
to clean these marshes?

00:55:42.206 --> 00:55:45.121
What we\'ve learned through
our scientific evaluations

00:55:45.289 --> 00:55:47.432
is that your most successful

00:55:47.599 --> 00:55:50.199
in your abilities
to help them recover

00:55:50.367 --> 00:55:51.770
by working when they\'re dormant.

00:55:51.961 --> 00:55:54.533
It\'s only been since late fall,
early winter,

00:55:54.975 --> 00:55:56.595
that we\'ve actually been
in a position

00:55:56.763 --> 00:55:59.193
to begin to work
on the cleanup of the marshes.

00:55:59.708 --> 00:56:01.597
One of the things
that we know is that

00:56:01.764 --> 00:56:07.541
if the oil bakes onto
the Roseau Cane\'s stalk,

00:56:07.771 --> 00:56:10.714
that the stalk will shuck
its outside layer

00:56:11.119 --> 00:56:14.030
and it will continue
to grow and regenerate.

00:56:14.581 --> 00:56:19.211
If you actually try to come in
and clean that stalk of that oil,

00:56:19.379 --> 00:56:22.121
you can actually again
do more damage to the plant,

00:56:22.289 --> 00:56:24.158
because of its delicate nature.

00:56:24.356 --> 00:56:28.483
We have to be very careful
in our efforts to try to not disturb

00:56:28.762 --> 00:56:31.899
the root systems
of these Roseau Canes

00:56:32.193 --> 00:56:34.958
that are so critical
to this ecosystem.

00:56:41.157 --> 00:56:45.585
[music]

00:56:55.233 --> 00:56:58.280
-This is a major event
in terms of deaths

00:56:58.448 --> 00:57:00.167
of a particular class of animals.

00:57:00.638 --> 00:57:03.247
We\'re seeing a large number
of baby dolphins dying.

00:57:04.175 --> 00:57:06.578
Usually in the month
of January and February,

00:57:06.745 --> 00:57:08.377
we see about one or two animals.

00:57:08.758 --> 00:57:12.938
This year so far,
we\'ve seen 36 baby dolphins

00:57:14.427 --> 00:57:15.807
-We\'re heading out to Long Beach

00:57:15.978 --> 00:57:20.178
to pick up a dolphin that was called
in this morning at about 7:30.

00:57:20.548 --> 00:57:22.322
-The BP oil spill cannot be
ruled out,

00:57:22.490 --> 00:57:24.024
because it was a major event.

00:57:24.587 --> 00:57:27.784
The oil spill covered tens
of thousands of square miles

00:57:27.994 --> 00:57:30.621
of their habitat for several months.

00:57:31.099 --> 00:57:34.672
Apparently, these animals
were conceived in March, April,

00:57:34.840 --> 00:57:37.040
May of last year
prior to the oil spill.

00:57:37.711 --> 00:57:39.897
Gestation period being 12 months,

00:57:40.257 --> 00:57:43.413
this is the first
offspring of animals

00:57:43.580 --> 00:57:46.737
that has come
through the oil spill.

00:57:46.975 --> 00:57:50.438
-We have coordinates, we have
landmarks that we usually go by.

00:57:50.606 --> 00:57:52.463
If it\'s on the beach,
and it\'s a day like this,

00:57:52.637 --> 00:57:54.065
we should be able to see it.

00:57:55.367 --> 00:57:57.696
[music]

00:58:09.750 --> 00:58:13.757
-We have different teams of folks,
and they go out there

00:58:13.925 --> 00:58:16.363
and they take whatever
measurements readings,

00:58:16.561 --> 00:58:20.109
samples they can do, and they are
sent to various laboratories.

00:58:22.842 --> 00:58:24.296
-It does get a little bit draining,

00:58:24.464 --> 00:58:26.173
especially when you\'re dealing
with the babies.

00:58:27.318 --> 00:58:28.956
All of us obviously,
are animal lovers.

00:58:29.124 --> 00:58:30.218
Nobody wants to see that.

00:58:30.845 --> 00:58:33.505
It\'s part of what happens
and it\'s what we do.

00:58:38.353 --> 00:58:39.952
-We\'re about five minutes away

00:58:40.119 --> 00:58:44.616
from my friend\'s company
called Motivatit Seafoods.

00:58:45.926 --> 00:58:48.999
It\'s owned by Mike and Steve Voisin.

00:58:50.316 --> 00:58:55.151
They\'re seventh generation oyster
and seafood people.

00:58:56.741 --> 00:59:01.487
Mike and I have traveled all over
the country protecting the interests

00:59:01.655 --> 00:59:03.550
of the Gulf oyster industry.

00:59:05.680 --> 00:59:10.750
-We have a farming operation,
but we were down 60% this summer.

00:59:10.940 --> 00:59:12.729
We chose to stay open,

00:59:12.897 --> 00:59:16.069
because we were able
to move our harvesting.

00:59:16.237 --> 00:59:19.812
We were one of four
out of 44 in the State

00:59:20.050 --> 00:59:23.186
that decided to keep going,
but it was a struggle.

00:59:24.345 --> 00:59:27.123
The different sizes come off
of those four different belts.

00:59:27.466 --> 00:59:31.242
Then at the very end, what\'s left
is what we shuck in there.

00:59:32.873 --> 00:59:35.551
Al is in the harvesting companies,
a processing company.

00:59:36.001 --> 00:59:40.033
The areas that Al gets
the predominant amount of his product

00:59:40.201 --> 00:59:43.396
got hit the hardest.
It\'s the prime oyster grounds.

00:59:43.764 --> 00:59:46.031
P&J is known for that prime oyster.

00:59:46.701 --> 00:59:48.250
Once the oysters are shucked,

00:59:48.418 --> 00:59:52.259
they\'re brought in here
and then put into small containers

00:59:52.427 --> 00:59:55.598
either for retail, sale
or go to a restaurant

00:59:55.766 --> 00:59:57.116
in the larger gallon containers.

00:59:57.466 --> 00:59:58.623
-It\'s exciting.

00:59:58.791 --> 01:00:01.062
It really is a nice feeling
to see that.

01:00:01.553 --> 01:00:03.687
That kind of thing
gives me hope.

01:00:05.386 --> 01:00:09.044
All that sound in there,
it\'s a nice sound.

01:00:09.394 --> 01:00:13.874
I look forward to the day where we\'re
back up and running and doing it.

01:00:16.594 --> 01:00:23.168
[music]

01:00:31.386 --> 01:00:33.603
-Earlier today we\'ll be meeting

01:00:33.770 --> 01:00:37.324
with a number
of administrative groups, commerce,

01:00:37.776 --> 01:00:39.980
and then we\'ll be meeting

01:00:40.148 --> 01:00:43.156
with the Food
and Drug Administration officials.

01:00:43.661 --> 01:00:47.341
-We\'re up here trying to allay
the fears that have been developed

01:00:47.509 --> 01:00:49.985
relating to seafood
in the Gulf of Mexico

01:00:50.152 --> 01:00:53.548
as a result of the oil spill.

01:00:53.993 --> 01:00:54.830
Come on, team.

01:00:54.998 --> 01:00:57.009
Yesterday, we met
with mostly House members,

01:00:57.177 --> 01:00:58.421
and we\'re talking to them

01:00:58.589 --> 01:01:00.950
about the challenges
of our market, our brand.

01:01:01.148 --> 01:01:03.168
We talked about some
regulatory issues.

01:01:03.336 --> 01:01:04.781
They asked what they
could do to help.

01:01:04.949 --> 01:01:08.238
-They\'re going to work with us
to help promote Gulf seafoods,

01:01:08.406 --> 01:01:10.138
especially oysters.
-We got to run.

01:01:10.306 --> 01:01:10.746
We really do.

01:01:10.914 --> 01:01:12.174
We got to get
to that next meeting.

01:01:13.564 --> 01:01:18.092
-We\'re going to NOAA right now
and meeting with Dr. Jim Turner.

01:01:18.433 --> 01:01:19.289
-Jim Turner.

01:01:19.457 --> 01:01:19.980
-Morning.

01:01:20.148 --> 01:01:22.122
Al Sunseri -Jim Turner,
how you doing?

01:01:22.500 --> 01:01:23.778
Thank you very much for coming.

01:01:23.946 --> 01:01:25.397
We have a person from Brussels

01:01:25.565 --> 01:01:27.250
and a person from Tokyo
who are calling in.

01:01:27.479 --> 01:01:28.256
-Good.

01:01:28.424 --> 01:01:31.003
-He\'s got these international
attachés all over the world

01:01:31.171 --> 01:01:33.235
that educate buyers
in those countries

01:01:33.403 --> 01:01:35.323
about the United
States products.

01:01:35.928 --> 01:01:36.997
-I\'m here.

01:01:37.251 --> 01:01:39.467
I\'m calling from Tokyo.

01:01:39.650 --> 01:01:41.412
-Kobanwa, genki desu ka?

01:01:41.580 --> 01:01:42.377
-All right.

01:01:47.089 --> 01:01:49.220
-Well, here,
how can we help you?

01:01:49.718 --> 01:01:54.391
-Early on, the administration did
a great job of messaging, NOAA, FDA,

01:01:54.559 --> 01:01:58.658
EPA, getting the message out
and it helped us to calm the storm.

01:01:58.998 --> 01:02:02.690
But with the major medias
all moved out of the communities,

01:02:02.858 --> 01:02:04.595
we need the agencies,

01:02:04.762 --> 01:02:07.150
the administration
to step up once again,

01:02:07.356 --> 01:02:09.085
and send that message out

01:02:09.253 --> 01:02:11.986
that Gulf seafood
and Gulf oysters are safe.

01:02:13.066 --> 01:02:15.298
-I think it was
a very important, one,

01:02:15.466 --> 01:02:21.534
for us to hear them talk about

01:02:21.788 --> 01:02:24.168
the things that we can do to help.

01:02:24.605 --> 01:02:27.619
Again, we want to make sure
that we have the proper perspective

01:02:27.787 --> 01:02:30.657
and perception of where we are.

01:02:31.545 --> 01:02:36.460
-We\'re meeting with Ken Feinberg,
the Gulf Coast Claims Facility,

01:02:37.150 --> 01:02:38.750
the $20 Billion man.

01:02:39.027 --> 01:02:41.930
We\'ll be discussing with him
the challenges that we\'re feeling

01:02:42.098 --> 01:02:45.477
relating to the efforts
that he\'s put forward.

01:02:52.485 --> 01:02:55.058
-I\'m meeting with some
of those in the Gulf who deal

01:02:55.226 --> 01:02:59.663
with oysters and the uncertainty
surrounding oyster harvesting.

01:03:00.443 --> 01:03:02.691
I think I\'ll learn more
about the unique problems

01:03:02.859 --> 01:03:05.510
governing the oyster harvesting
and at the same time,

01:03:05.678 --> 01:03:07.130
they\'ll get some information from me

01:03:07.298 --> 01:03:09.855
about the future of the program
and how we\'ll process the claims

01:03:10.263 --> 01:03:11.459
and how to deal with it.

01:03:11.831 --> 01:03:18.147
-I think that he still doesn\'t really
understand the impacts

01:03:18.743 --> 01:03:21.975
that there has been
on the people

01:03:22.143 --> 01:03:25.260
in the oyster business
in the state of Louisiana,

01:03:25.668 --> 01:03:29.431
and how our market\'s going to be
impacted for some time to come.

01:03:29.540 --> 01:03:32.868
-By the end of 2012,
it is reasonable to anticipate

01:03:33.036 --> 01:03:35.834
a return to normalcy in the Gulf.

01:03:36.520 --> 01:03:37.678
I don\'t know for sure.

01:03:37.846 --> 01:03:39.041
Nobody knows for sure.

01:03:39.273 --> 01:03:43.001
My goal is to compensate people,
try and make them whole.

01:03:43.948 --> 01:03:49.204
Try and work with people
in the Gulf so that eventually,

01:03:49.815 --> 01:03:52.627
whether it be six months,
a year, two years or longer,

01:03:52.834 --> 01:03:55.778
the Gulf will be returned
to its former luster.

01:03:56.093 --> 01:04:01.159
-Hopefully things will work out
for us and the people we represent,

01:04:01.327 --> 01:04:04.677
and make sure that
the Gulf oyster people are

01:04:04.845 --> 01:04:07.244
taken care of and made whole.

01:04:10.009 --> 01:04:14.572
[music]

01:04:19.700 --> 01:04:21.862
-This is our annual
Let The World Be Your Oyster event.

01:04:22.030 --> 01:04:24.565
This is a chance for the East Coast
growers, the West Coast growers,

01:04:24.725 --> 01:04:27.875
and the Gulf Coast oyster growers
around the nation to come together

01:04:28.043 --> 01:04:30.753
and showcase the oyster industry
for the nation.

01:04:34.741 --> 01:04:36.790
-We brought up some
of the best chefs from Louisiana too.

01:04:36.958 --> 01:04:38.407
We have good chef John Besh here.

01:04:38.789 --> 01:04:40.843
-This is
the Louisiana oyster pot roast.

01:04:41.518 --> 01:04:43.367
It\'s a real traditional recipe.

01:04:43.518 --> 01:04:46.318
We\'ve taken it
and put a modern spin on it.

01:04:46.510 --> 01:04:48.490
Oysters and bacon right on top.

01:04:48.680 --> 01:04:50.549
-We also have
our famous oyster shuckers

01:04:50.717 --> 01:04:51.793
from ACME Oyster House.

01:04:52.083 --> 01:04:54.123
-The key to shucking oysters is
not cutting your hands.

01:04:54.417 --> 01:04:56.759
The most important part about
is it\'s all about presentation.

01:04:57.105 --> 01:05:00.177
Cut it, crack it, slide it,
Make sure it\'s clean.

01:05:00.768 --> 01:05:03.144
Cut it on both sides,
and take it to the top.

01:05:05.401 --> 01:05:06.968
Hate this job, hate this job.

01:05:07.194 --> 01:05:10.157
-The importance of tonight is really
get out there and tell people that

01:05:10.325 --> 01:05:14.252
not only is our seafood safe to eat,
not only does it taste good,

01:05:14.420 --> 01:05:18.481
but it\'s the most highly scrutinized
foodstuff in the marketplace today.

01:05:18.870 --> 01:05:21.892
What makes it to the
marketplace is unbelievably good

01:05:22.059 --> 01:05:23.350
and it\'s good for you.

01:05:37.360 --> 01:05:39.960
-I was invited to give
a topical lecture

01:05:40.552 --> 01:05:42.751
at the American Association
for the Advancement

01:05:42.919 --> 01:05:44.449
of Science Meeting
in Washington.

01:05:44.758 --> 01:05:47.946
We\'re about to go in for a press
briefing on the oil spill.

01:05:48.145 --> 01:05:50.855
It\'ll be myself
and three other scientists.

01:05:51.097 --> 01:05:52.885
It should be really interesting.

01:05:53.685 --> 01:05:57.355
I go into these things
with one goal, not losing my cool.

01:05:58.708 --> 01:06:00.676
Good morning,
and thanks to everybody for coming.

01:06:01.644 --> 01:06:04.350
I\'m going to just touch
on three basic topics

01:06:04.525 --> 01:06:06.154
and I\'m going to show you
a couple of videos

01:06:06.322 --> 01:06:09.841
that we took on the seafloor
in December from the Alvin.

01:06:09.985 --> 01:06:11.345
I\'m going to show you the first clip,

01:06:11.678 --> 01:06:13.927
it\'s from a natural oil seep.

01:06:14.090 --> 01:06:18.632
The second clip is from
a site about 10 miles north

01:06:18.800 --> 01:06:20.454
of the Deepwater Horizon.

01:06:20.616 --> 01:06:24.437
It\'s a place where Macondo oil
ended up on the bottom

01:06:24.605 --> 01:06:26.852
and we fingerprinted it to Macondo.

01:06:27.020 --> 01:06:29.339
I felt like it was
really important

01:06:29.507 --> 01:06:33.302
to tell the story
of the deep-sea ecosystem,

01:06:33.470 --> 01:06:37.738
in particular, because of this sense
that\'s being pushed

01:06:37.906 --> 01:06:39.701
that everything\'s fine out there.

01:06:39.869 --> 01:06:42.911
When it in actuality,
isn\'t fine at all.

01:06:43.079 --> 01:06:45.016
The fate of this material
on the bottom,

01:06:45.233 --> 01:06:48.531
once it gets to the bottom
on the beaches,

01:06:49.011 --> 01:06:52.975
you\'re talking years
or decades to get rid of it.

01:06:53.143 --> 01:06:55.555
Some of it like
the asphaltene fraction,

01:06:56.015 --> 01:06:57.276
does not biodegrade.

01:06:57.554 --> 01:07:00.033
-Well, the asphaltene
does biodegrade.

01:07:00.335 --> 01:07:02.144
It just does it very, very slowly.

01:07:03.812 --> 01:07:08.154
There\'s no compound on demand
that bacteria can\'t degrade,

01:07:08.576 --> 01:07:11.137
but you have to have
the right conditions.

01:07:12.427 --> 01:07:17.387
We can\'t detect anything in
the water column or at the surface,

01:07:17.988 --> 01:07:21.076
and that\'s both chemically
and with instruments.

01:07:21.750 --> 01:07:27.533
-I think scientists disagree a lot
and it\'s just never usually public.

01:07:28.083 --> 01:07:31.555
You have disagreements
on the telephone

01:07:31.711 --> 01:07:33.419
or you walk down the hallway

01:07:33.586 --> 01:07:36.831
and have a conversation
disagreeing about something.

01:07:36.939 --> 01:07:42.152
-Now you have to remember that
400,000 to a Million barrels of oil

01:07:42.320 --> 01:07:46.637
go into the Gulf of Mexico
for natural seeps every year.

01:07:46.805 --> 01:07:48.434
The bugs are adapted to it.

01:07:49.287 --> 01:07:52.901
If I had to look for bacteria
that could degrade oil,

01:07:53.069 --> 01:07:54.219
this would have been the place.

01:07:54.361 --> 01:07:57.521
-I think in this case,
the Million barrels of oil a year

01:07:57.689 --> 01:08:00.037
being released
into the Gulf of Mexico,

01:08:00.204 --> 01:08:01.887
that\'s not in the NRC.

01:08:02.055 --> 01:08:03.475
That\'s not in any report.

01:08:03.643 --> 01:08:05.786
That\'s a big number,
and it\'s just not right.

01:08:05.954 --> 01:08:08.806
I disagree with you a little bit
on the natural seepage rate.

01:08:08.984 --> 01:08:14.755
The low-end estimate is 400 barrels
per day over the entire ecosystem.

01:08:15.154 --> 01:08:19.516
If you compare Macondo to that,
it\'s seven orders of magnitude higher

01:08:19.684 --> 01:08:20.688
on an areal basis.

01:08:20.895 --> 01:08:27.713
While these organisms do experience
exposure to oil and gas, naturally,

01:08:27.866 --> 01:08:31.075
to suddenly ramp up seven
orders of magnitude,

01:08:31.243 --> 01:08:34.176
that\'s just physiologically,
in my opinion, impossible.

01:08:34.379 --> 01:08:37.716
Points like that,
I did get my dander up,

01:08:37.884 --> 01:08:41.527
because I think it\'s a really
critical thing to clarify.

01:08:41.695 --> 01:08:45.727
-There\'s that feeling in you
especially pushed by the NOAA,

01:08:45.881 --> 01:08:48.018
that everything\'s going
to be just fine.

01:08:49.089 --> 01:08:50.389
-I don\'t share that.

01:08:50.557 --> 01:08:51.365
-Why is that?

01:08:51.541 --> 01:08:53.281
Why do you think
they\'re pushing that?

01:08:53.449 --> 01:08:55.544
-Everybody wants it to be fine.

01:08:55.712 --> 01:08:56.824
I want it to be fine.

01:08:56.992 --> 01:08:58.349
I wish I could sit here
and stand

01:08:58.517 --> 01:09:00.879
and tell you that I thought
everything was going to be wonderful,

01:09:01.047 --> 01:09:02.912
fine by 2012.

01:09:03.460 --> 01:09:04.666
I\'ve been to the bottom,

01:09:04.834 --> 01:09:06.824
I\'ve seen what it looks
like with my own eyes.

01:09:07.063 --> 01:09:09.141
It\'s not going to be fine by 2012.

01:09:09.441 --> 01:09:11.413
-Do you find yourself more
comfortable with things like

01:09:11.581 --> 01:09:16.133
what Wes Tunnel said when he goes,
things will be okay in about a year?

01:09:16.301 --> 01:09:19.140
-Based upon our experience
with the Ixtoc I blowout,

01:09:19.308 --> 01:09:20.934
which was actually
in the Gulf of Mexico

01:09:21.102 --> 01:09:22.464
and were quite similar,

01:09:22.689 --> 01:09:24.571
we couldn\'t see any effects
after two years.

01:09:25.160 --> 01:09:29.947
I was saying this right
from the very beginning that, well,

01:09:30.122 --> 01:09:35.788
it may not be as devastating
as some people are thinking.

01:09:35.956 --> 01:09:38.957
-Is it fair to say those who are
optimistic things are getting better

01:09:39.125 --> 01:09:42.822
and things will be fine by 2012
are looking in the wrong places?

01:09:43.433 --> 01:09:45.150
-Well, they\'re either
looking at the wrong places

01:09:45.318 --> 01:09:48.912
or they\'re not considering
the entire available dataset.

01:09:49.127 --> 01:09:51.354
-Now, I have to ask this,
because others have raised this.

01:09:51.808 --> 01:09:56.761
You\'re working on grants from
pre-Macondo still that are BP grants?

01:09:56.929 --> 01:09:57.848
-That\'s right.

01:09:58.016 --> 01:10:00.563
We are at the Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory,

01:10:00.731 --> 01:10:03.769
which is the US Department
of Energy National Laboratory.

01:10:04.353 --> 01:10:08.585
Very strict requirements, conflicts
of interest, and that sort of thing.

01:10:08.753 --> 01:10:10.590
-It doesn\'t mean that
you shouldn\'t be optimistic.

01:10:10.758 --> 01:10:12.890
I think you should be optimistic
the Gulf is resilient.

01:10:13.058 --> 01:10:15.880
But just because it\'s a system
that\'s rich in hydrocarbons

01:10:16.048 --> 01:10:21.147
doesn\'t mean it can digest,
if you will, this amount of carbon

01:10:21.315 --> 01:10:24.177
on the timescale
that we\'re talking about.

01:10:24.370 --> 01:10:27.536
We don\'t know all the answers,
and that\'s going to be my conclusion.

01:10:27.704 --> 01:10:29.782
We need to do
a lot more research.

01:10:30.020 --> 01:10:35.100
I think the $500 Million that BP
has put on the table is a good start

01:10:35.268 --> 01:10:39.658
for getting the kinds of information
that we need to answer the questions

01:10:39.826 --> 01:10:41.919
that need to be answered critically.

01:10:42.919 --> 01:10:46.397
-We\'re funding that research over
the next 10 years, to the tune

01:10:46.565 --> 01:10:49.082
of an additional $500 Billion
that we are funding.

01:10:49.271 --> 01:10:53.397
In addition to what independent
research is being done to support our

01:10:53.565 --> 01:10:55.529
long term understandings of yes,

01:10:55.696 --> 01:10:58.610
the ecosystem has
absorbed any suspended oils

01:10:58.778 --> 01:11:01.514
in the water to the best of our
scientific knowledge today,

01:11:01.698 --> 01:11:04.335
but what\'s the long term consequences
of that having occurred?

01:11:04.788 --> 01:11:07.785
I do remind you,
that ecosystem is there,

01:11:07.953 --> 01:11:09.789
because of the natural seepage

01:11:09.956 --> 01:11:12.881
that is occurring every day
of oils and gases.

01:11:13.136 --> 01:11:14.738
Whether it\'s naturally flowing,

01:11:14.945 --> 01:11:18.595
it\'s discharged from vessels
or it\'s from, unfortunately,

01:11:18.763 --> 01:11:20.443
this type of incident.

01:11:35.288 --> 01:11:38.638
-We\'re going to bring
the dolphin in here and take x-rays.

01:11:39.164 --> 01:11:41.312
Then once we get our x-rays,
we\'ll take our measurements

01:11:41.480 --> 01:11:43.441
or morphometrics, they call them.

01:11:44.453 --> 01:11:46.413
It\'s going to be lined up
with this line here.

01:11:46.581 --> 01:11:49.040
January, February,
we make it one to two a month,

01:11:49.208 --> 01:11:52.351
and right now we\'re up to 37.

01:11:53.801 --> 01:11:57.480
First time with any forensic study
is you try to make your list

01:11:57.648 --> 01:11:59.544
of any possibility that you may find.

01:12:00.326 --> 01:12:02.186
One could be the BP oil spill.

01:12:02.354 --> 01:12:04.487
Secondly, it could be dispersant.

01:12:05.036 --> 01:12:06.520
Then we start looking,
is it a virus?

01:12:06.688 --> 01:12:08.121
Is bacterial?
Is it fungal?

01:12:08.488 --> 01:12:11.861
Is it developmental?
Is it temperature-related?

01:12:12.099 --> 01:12:13.242
Population-related?

01:12:13.410 --> 01:12:15.948
Do we have more dolphins in this area
than we\'ve ever had before,

01:12:16.116 --> 01:12:17.591
and maybe they\'re having more babies?

01:12:17.759 --> 01:12:18.971
That looks like intestines.

01:12:19.146 --> 01:12:20.012
We\'ll see when we get in.

01:12:20.180 --> 01:12:24.468
It\'s also concerns us, because
if we\'re getting this many animals

01:12:24.616 --> 01:12:27.853
at this time period, what are
we going to get in March and April,

01:12:28.128 --> 01:12:30.226
which is our true stranding season?

01:12:30.394 --> 01:12:31.869
That\'s when it really gets busy.

01:12:32.226 --> 01:12:36.578
Right now, we\'re already 10 times,
15 times what we normally have.

01:12:37.977 --> 01:12:40.832
-We ask people to pay
attention to this issue,

01:12:41.000 --> 01:12:42.735
because it affects all of us.

01:12:43.936 --> 01:12:48.160
The changes in these animals also
reflect the possible changes

01:12:48.328 --> 01:12:51.272
that might be going on
in the entire ecosystem.

01:12:56.497 --> 01:13:00.913
-One of the biggest concerns
that we\'re facing today is the health

01:13:01.081 --> 01:13:03.022
and wellbeing of the workforce

01:13:03.189 --> 01:13:06.009
who was in support
of the response efforts,

01:13:06.177 --> 01:13:08.812
but also in the communities
that are along the coast.

01:13:09.400 --> 01:13:12.679
Their safety, and the understanding
of the risks that we expose them to

01:13:12.847 --> 01:13:15.227
were paramount in our
everyday decision making.

01:13:15.742 --> 01:13:19.981
We gathered more than
40,000 individual air monitors

01:13:20.188 --> 01:13:22.716
on individual workers to ascertain

01:13:22.884 --> 01:13:26.224
were they being exposed
to potential harmful vapors

01:13:26.566 --> 01:13:29.877
from the oil
or from the use of dispersants.

01:13:30.186 --> 01:13:33.642
Not a single individual
out of those 40,000 plus

01:13:33.810 --> 01:13:35.928
were exposed to harmful levels.

01:13:37.864 --> 01:13:42.882
[music]

01:13:48.627 --> 01:13:50.219
-The reason we\'re here today

01:13:50.759 --> 01:13:54.497
is that we\'re talking to people
here who are sick.

01:13:54.863 --> 01:13:59.215
Most of these people live in really
close proximity to the beach,

01:13:59.573 --> 01:14:01.207
and during the hot months,

01:14:01.375 --> 01:14:03.898
the oil was volatilizing

01:14:04.278 --> 01:14:07.021
and there was a lot of vapor
insolvent in the air.

01:14:07.174 --> 01:14:09.974
I was here in July,
and I could smell that.

01:14:10.523 --> 01:14:12.695
-Hi, Jessica.
-Hello.

01:14:14.182 --> 01:14:18.319
-I just want to talk to you about
how you\'re feeling,

01:14:18.495 --> 01:14:20.326
and as a resident here
in Grand Isle,

01:14:20.502 --> 01:14:23.450
when you first noticed
that you felt sick?

01:14:23.807 --> 01:14:28.773
-Well, right after the oil spill,
pretty much most of the students

01:14:28.941 --> 01:14:31.674
in the school got sick
after maybe a week.

01:14:32.154 --> 01:14:33.834
I had a horrible cough.

01:14:34.217 --> 01:14:35.989
Then I had high fevers.

01:14:36.141 --> 01:14:39.301
I had fevers up to
103.9 every night.

01:14:40.488 --> 01:14:44.264
-Once oil enters, the body
gets toxic to every organ system.

01:14:45.382 --> 01:14:49.459
The reproductive system,
the nervous system, the liver,

01:14:49.627 --> 01:14:51.788
kidneys, the skin.

01:14:52.046 --> 01:14:53.656
-I had severe bronchitis.

01:14:53.824 --> 01:14:55.370
I\'ve been having
breathing problems.

01:14:55.538 --> 01:14:57.727
The doctor thought I had asthma,
and I didn\'t

01:14:57.895 --> 01:15:01.031
-I ended up with two
really fierce ear infections.

01:15:01.199 --> 01:15:03.015
I\'ve never had ear infections before.

01:15:03.183 --> 01:15:06.993
-I\'ve been having a constant
cough, sinus problems.

01:15:07.517 --> 01:15:09.651
Bleeding out my nose, sometimes.

01:15:10.073 --> 01:15:13.502
-Oil readily enters the body
when it\'s dispersed.

01:15:13.908 --> 01:15:17.121
That\'s why it\'s more toxic
in a dispersed form.

01:15:17.400 --> 01:15:20.862
-I went to the doctor, and she
diagnosed me with pneumonitis,

01:15:21.030 --> 01:15:24.134
which is chemical burning
of the lining of my lungs.

01:15:24.302 --> 01:15:27.844
-I worked on the oil spill, and we
worked out there for two months

01:15:28.092 --> 01:15:30.159
when I first started coming in.

01:15:30.709 --> 01:15:33.838
I just got my test results yesterday,
the doctor called me up.

01:15:34.687 --> 01:15:37.888
I got all kinds of poisons
in my blood and them toxins and all.

01:15:38.056 --> 01:15:40.787
-In the same way
that the dispersant breaks down

01:15:40.954 --> 01:15:42.905
the lipid membrane of the oil,

01:15:43.493 --> 01:15:48.680
the dispersant also can break down
the lipid wall of cells and organs.

01:15:48.862 --> 01:15:51.855
-I know another girl in my class
whose ears bleed.

01:15:52.331 --> 01:15:54.761
You\'ll just be in class
and you\'ll see a trickle of blood.

01:15:54.989 --> 01:15:59.386
-As a scientist, I\'m of course,
skeptical of some of these stories

01:15:59.554 --> 01:16:01.582
of these high levels of chemicals,

01:16:01.749 --> 01:16:07.598
but I think certain people
now have gone

01:16:07.766 --> 01:16:12.185
and gotten tested, and
there are data that we can look at.

01:16:12.431 --> 01:16:13.828
It\'s not so anecdotal.

01:16:14.065 --> 01:16:17.395
-It\'s constant burn
in my chest, nervousness,

01:16:17.724 --> 01:16:20.384
and I got a glop
that\'s coming out on my eye.

01:16:21.186 --> 01:16:22.596
That started on the oil spill.

01:16:22.764 --> 01:16:24.898
-You just got your test results.

01:16:25.056 --> 01:16:27.115
Tell me what you remember of that?

01:16:27.274 --> 01:16:30.900
-I got an exime in my blood,
ethanol poisoning.

01:16:31.068 --> 01:16:33.347
-Essentially,
you have chemical poisoning?

01:16:33.515 --> 01:16:34.639
-Yes, ma\'a.
-Right.

01:16:34.813 --> 01:16:35.567
Chemical poisoning.

01:16:35.718 --> 01:16:38.518
-You have very high levels
of the chemical?

01:16:38.744 --> 01:16:40.243
This is heartbreaking.

01:16:40.814 --> 01:16:43.321
I am a scientist,
I came here as a scientist,

01:16:43.488 --> 01:16:45.230
I\'m working on a project here.

01:16:50.625 --> 01:16:52.850
It\'s just hard to hear

01:16:54.795 --> 01:16:58.745
the incredible sadness and suffering.

01:16:58.913 --> 01:17:02.680
There are people
that are not even on the edge,

01:17:02.894 --> 01:17:04.029
they\'re over the edge.

01:17:04.577 --> 01:17:07.505
There are animals out there
that are over the edge,

01:17:07.720 --> 01:17:11.496
there\'s baby dolphins that are dying
that are over the edge.

01:17:11.722 --> 01:17:13.681
There\'s only so much

01:17:14.722 --> 01:17:19.471
that we can pollute
and still maintain the planet.

01:17:19.777 --> 01:17:22.857
We are pushing ourselves
to the edge, I think.

01:17:24.145 --> 01:17:25.992
-We have continued to work

01:17:26.159 --> 01:17:29.864
and support the funding
through a $10 Million grant

01:17:30.031 --> 01:17:33.679
to actually study the long-term
exposures and consequences

01:17:33.847 --> 01:17:36.590
to the workforce
who was in response.

01:17:36.999 --> 01:17:40.414
They\'re undertaking that study
to ensure that factually,

01:17:40.582 --> 01:17:44.029
we can demonstrate that
that workforce was not exposed

01:17:44.374 --> 01:17:47.680
in a way that created harm
for their health and wellbeing.

01:17:48.285 --> 01:17:51.282
For anybody
who is experiencing health issues,

01:17:51.582 --> 01:17:54.828
we\'re working to ensure
that the local medical communities

01:17:54.996 --> 01:17:58.252
have the relevant
and specific information

01:17:58.698 --> 01:18:02.331
as it relates to hydrocarbons
and to the dispersants used

01:18:02.499 --> 01:18:04.800
so that those local doctors
and physicians

01:18:04.968 --> 01:18:09.180
can make appropriate
medical analysis

01:18:09.442 --> 01:18:12.000
and recommendations
for their patients.

01:18:13.580 --> 01:18:17.808
[music]

01:18:28.690 --> 01:18:34.060
-We\'re looking at approximately
a 7.5 to 9 mile facing stretch

01:18:34.228 --> 01:18:37.027
of marsh impact
that we\'re dealing with

01:18:37.195 --> 01:18:39.700
here in the Barataria Bay Area.

01:18:40.391 --> 01:18:42.668
These two crane devices
that you\'re seeing here

01:18:42.836 --> 01:18:44.627
were actually developed specifically

01:18:44.795 --> 01:18:47.366
with the devices
on the end of them to be used

01:18:47.534 --> 01:18:50.113
to help us reach into the marsh

01:18:50.425 --> 01:18:54.317
to be able to rake
and squeegee the oil

01:18:54.485 --> 01:18:57.161
that is been trapped
under the grass as

01:18:57.328 --> 01:19:00.004
it was laid down
during storm conditions.

01:19:01.218 --> 01:19:05.804
We\'re going in and removing
that oil affected vegetation

01:19:05.972 --> 01:19:11.230
to allow for the roots that
haven\'t been impacted to regenerate.

01:19:12.160 --> 01:19:16.320
You can see the new fresh green,
that\'s all new growth coming back

01:19:16.488 --> 01:19:18.688
through an area
that was impacted.

01:19:19.528 --> 01:19:23.906
-This vegetation is what\'s protecting
the shoreline here from eroding.

01:19:24.355 --> 01:19:28.846
As storms come in, the waves
beat against the shorelines.

01:19:29.014 --> 01:19:30.997
If there\'s no vegetation in place,

01:19:31.164 --> 01:19:33.711
then it just erodes away
at the landmass.

01:19:34.298 --> 01:19:35.673
Once you erode this away,

01:19:35.840 --> 01:19:38.925
you\'re losing your
estuaries for your fish.

01:19:39.323 --> 01:19:43.752
You\'re losing your hurricane
protection for what\'s behind this.

01:19:44.053 --> 01:19:46.732
This is a very, very critical area.

01:19:48.466 --> 01:19:50.905
-We\'re approximately 30% complete.

01:19:51.295 --> 01:19:54.001
We expect that we will be able
to complete this task

01:19:54.135 --> 01:19:55.372
by the end of June.

01:19:56.026 --> 01:19:57.226
It\'s very slow.

01:19:57.376 --> 01:19:59.654
It\'s very methodical work,
as you can see.

01:20:00.223 --> 01:20:03.107
We\'ll continue that until
we\'ve completed this process.

01:20:04.394 --> 01:20:06.885
[music]

01:20:07.330 --> 01:20:10.620
-I think they\'re just hanging out
right between those two birds.

01:20:10.772 --> 01:20:11.772
[music]

01:20:11.939 --> 01:20:15.962
We\'re very optimistic
that the region was very resilient

01:20:16.130 --> 01:20:17.287
and things would be coming back,

01:20:17.455 --> 01:20:21.227
until we hit
this recent mortality with dolphins.

01:20:22.686 --> 01:20:24.697
-Actually, before the spill occurred,

01:20:24.865 --> 01:20:28.961
marine biologists declared
an unusual mortality event

01:20:29.317 --> 01:20:31.517
in the Bottlenose Dolphin species.

01:20:31.797 --> 01:20:34.597
Then events of April 2010 occurred,

01:20:34.907 --> 01:20:37.581
and they\'re looking
at potential multiple causes.

01:20:37.756 --> 01:20:40.008
Is it an influx of cold water,

01:20:40.175 --> 01:20:43.128
because of the
extremely strong winters

01:20:43.256 --> 01:20:46.236
that we\'ve- cold winters that
we\'ve had over the last two years?

01:20:46.404 --> 01:20:50.572
Is it biological in nature in term
of some form of disease?

01:20:50.874 --> 01:20:55.211
Is it also a consequence
of this event creating a stressor

01:20:55.490 --> 01:20:57.757
to the dolphin community?

01:20:58.344 --> 01:20:59.816
-Starting January or February,

01:20:59.984 --> 01:21:03.169
we saw a huge spike
in the dolphin mortality,

01:21:03.337 --> 01:21:06.637
but the most unusual thing
was that majority of them

01:21:07.011 --> 01:21:08.451
were young calves.

01:21:10.254 --> 01:21:14.063
[music]

01:21:19.538 --> 01:21:22.324
-The dead baby dolphins
are the canary in the coal mine.

01:21:22.520 --> 01:21:27.798
They are telling us that we can\'t
forget about the Deepwater Horizon.

01:21:28.355 --> 01:21:29.494
It remains to be proven

01:21:29.661 --> 01:21:32.771
that there is a link between
the death of this baby dolphins

01:21:33.201 --> 01:21:35.598
and exposure
to oil-derived compounds.

01:21:35.766 --> 01:21:38.255
But the timing of the spill
and the timing

01:21:42.750 --> 01:21:45.918
of the fetuses washing
up on the beaches

01:21:46.086 --> 01:21:48.170
is very suspicious to me.

01:21:48.376 --> 01:21:51.266
-To really get to the point,
you have to do the testing.

01:21:51.434 --> 01:21:54.842
I believe it is
the responsibility now

01:21:55.010 --> 01:21:56.199
of the Federal government
to do that,

01:21:56.367 --> 01:21:58.631
because they have taken
over all the samples.

01:22:02.430 --> 01:22:04.533
[music]

01:22:08.346 --> 01:22:12.624
-Everybody\'s favorite thing to do
when you\'re at sea is to get up

01:22:12.775 --> 01:22:15.603
on the bow and watch the dolphins.

01:22:16.954 --> 01:22:19.192
The captain will announce
it on the loud speaker,

01:22:19.430 --> 01:22:23.440
\"There are dolphins on the bow.\"
Everybody stops what they\'re doing.

01:22:24.300 --> 01:22:27.720
They run up there,
and watch the dolphins.

01:22:30.758 --> 01:22:32.338
Every time I\'ve done it,

01:22:33.998 --> 01:22:39.390
there\'s always been
a few babies with the moms.

01:22:40.631 --> 01:22:42.670
It\'s just an amazing thing to see.

01:22:43.069 --> 01:22:46.406
The thought that
you might not see that anymore--

01:22:46.808 --> 01:22:48.777
I\'m sure they\'re not all
going to die,

01:22:49.264 --> 01:22:51.391
but the fact that any of them die,

01:22:53.648 --> 01:22:56.380
we have a long way to
go to really understand

01:22:56.547 --> 01:22:58.256
what\'s happening out there.

01:23:01.829 --> 01:23:04.258
[music]

01:23:07.717 --> 01:23:10.429
-You guys have been toiling
for a better of a year.

01:23:12.717 --> 01:23:16.109
Everybody\'s trying to put their hands
to it to fix the problem,

01:23:16.345 --> 01:23:17.773
and they grow weary.

01:23:18.005 --> 01:23:21.425
My encouragement to you is
do not let your hands grow weary.

01:23:21.567 --> 01:23:22.635
Let the Lord God--

01:23:22.802 --> 01:23:24.205
-You don\'t know
what\'s out there.

01:23:24.376 --> 01:23:28.984
You don\'t know if the catch is going
to be the same as in previous years.

01:23:29.113 --> 01:23:31.065
We don\'t know if we\'ll be
pulling up tar balls.

01:23:31.372 --> 01:23:32.241
-I talked to the guy yesterday.

01:23:32.409 --> 01:23:34.680
He said, \"I don\'t want to eat
no shrimp for another three years.\"

01:23:34.884 --> 01:23:37.121
I make sure that gulf is clean.

01:23:38.020 --> 01:23:41.221
-This is more than
just my livelihood.

01:23:41.407 --> 01:23:46.452
This is what I am, who
I am, what our family is,

01:23:48.096 --> 01:23:49.782
what we\'ve done for generations.

01:23:51.095 --> 01:23:52.437
-There\'s not in many places

01:23:52.605 --> 01:23:55.704
that can be considered
a 135-year old business.

01:23:57.320 --> 01:24:01.101
It\'s actually an obligation
to the city of New Orleans

01:24:01.309 --> 01:24:06.414
and something that
if we can do it as a family,

01:24:06.581 --> 01:24:08.528
then let\'s do it.

01:24:09.767 --> 01:24:11.145
-This is the prize right here.

01:24:11.478 --> 01:24:13.611
Yes, I\'ve got this for 300 bucks.

01:24:13.797 --> 01:24:16.347
I used to get to change
the headlights and stuff on it.

01:24:16.513 --> 01:24:19.112
A couple of knickknacks,
I get about 2,500 bucks,

01:24:19.520 --> 01:24:21.727
but I got to keep the beans balling
since I can\'t work,

01:24:21.894 --> 01:24:23.229
it don\'t mean I\'m going to stop.

01:24:23.642 --> 01:24:25.706
It ain\'t what I want to do,
but it\'s what I got to do.

01:24:25.865 --> 01:24:30.294
-I\'m really hoping for a good summer,
because we really do need it.

01:24:30.742 --> 01:24:32.714
If the beaches are clear enough

01:24:32.881 --> 01:24:36.445
that people can go
and bring their children down there,

01:24:36.874 --> 01:24:38.874
maybe we can get a good summer.

01:24:40.302 --> 01:24:41.518
-Of course, it\'s all
in those marshes.

01:24:41.772 --> 01:24:43.358
We don\'t know what the impact

01:24:43.526 --> 01:24:45.231
if it\'s going to be over
a long period of time.

01:24:45.549 --> 01:24:47.055
We need a lot of research.

01:24:47.505 --> 01:24:50.160
Is it look like--
Is there\'s some evidence

01:24:50.328 --> 01:24:54.918
that it\'s not as catastrophic
as originally feared?

01:24:55.619 --> 01:24:57.961
Maybe, I\'m skeptical.

01:24:58.302 --> 01:24:58.929
-All right.

01:24:59.033 --> 01:25:00.300
What we\'re going to do here

01:25:00.467 --> 01:25:02.285
is we want to start
over on this side,

01:25:02.524 --> 01:25:06.294
bow past, pay our respects as we go.

01:25:06.532 --> 01:25:08.227
-When you affect the person\'s life

01:25:08.394 --> 01:25:12.957
in the way we did,
it\'s really gratifying.

01:25:13.245 --> 01:25:15.185
I\'m just wishing we could\'ve
done more about this.

01:25:15.885 --> 01:25:16.885
-Adam Wise.

01:25:19.690 --> 01:25:20.890
Stephen Curtis.

01:25:22.142 --> 01:25:23.662
Aaron Dale Burkeen.

01:25:24.618 --> 01:25:31.061
-But you could tell,
a lot of gratitude from those guys.

01:25:32.780 --> 01:25:34.892
I\'ll never forget
the look in their eyes.

01:25:35.755 --> 01:25:36.755
[music]

01:25:37.010 --> 01:25:38.037
-This was a tragedy.

01:25:38.205 --> 01:25:42.025
11 men lost their lives
as a result of this accident.

01:25:42.280 --> 01:25:45.068
It\'s something that always
must be remembered.

01:25:45.502 --> 01:25:49.530
It must be learned from
and it must not be forgotten.

01:25:50.618 --> 01:25:57.610
This year has been a reminder of just
how fragile and how fallible

01:25:57.748 --> 01:25:59.018
both the human beings

01:25:59.116 --> 01:26:01.670
and the technology
that we depend on really are.

01:26:01.930 --> 01:26:03.554
It\'s also been a year

01:26:03.722 --> 01:26:08.042
in which I\'ve had the opportunity
to see the very best of people

01:26:08.300 --> 01:26:12.990
and the best of our ingenuity
and creativity to tackle a problem,

01:26:13.229 --> 01:26:15.059
and together work solutions.

01:26:16.476 --> 01:26:20.482
What we\'re seeing out
of the coast of Grand Isle

01:26:20.929 --> 01:26:23.292
is the opening
of brown shrimping season,

01:26:23.460 --> 01:26:24.721
which opened May 2nd.

01:26:24.889 --> 01:26:26.730
We\'re only on day three
of that season.

01:26:26.905 --> 01:26:29.007
Early indications are
the catch is good,

01:26:29.657 --> 01:26:32.386
but it\'s still early stages
associated with that.

01:26:33.223 --> 01:26:35.605
-I would have probably
told you a year ago

01:26:35.772 --> 01:26:38.696
that one person couldn\'t
really make a difference

01:26:38.864 --> 01:26:40.850
in the course
of an event like an oil spill.

01:26:41.720 --> 01:26:45.413
But there are a lot of individuals
who took a lot of punches

01:26:45.581 --> 01:26:49.661
for speaking up and telling
the world what we saw.

01:26:52.351 --> 01:26:56.062
What I learned is that people
appreciated it and they listened.

01:26:56.400 --> 01:26:57.671
They want to know more.

01:26:58.084 --> 01:27:02.012
It\'s made me realize that one person
can make a difference.

01:27:02.653 --> 01:27:04.351
[music]