Follows HIV-positive South African activist Zackie Achmat, who refuses…
6000 A Day
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- Transcript
6000 A DAY - ACCOUNT OF A CATASTROPHE FORETOLD reveals how the world's top decision makers knowingly failed to prevent the spread of the AIDS. It examines the failure of key individuals, prominent NGO's, and governments to act as they allowed a catastrophe to fester - a catastrophe that undoubtedly could have been avoided.
Since it appeared 20 years ago, AIDS has left behind it a trail of destruction. It has already killed 30 million people, and infected another 50 million. By the end of this current decade an estimated 100 million people will have perished from this disease.
Why did the world wait so long to react? This film answers the question, and dissects the key moments in the global response to the epidemic. By examining this human catastrophe, the film reveals a global rift that helped the disease to spread.
6000 A DAY - AN ACCOUNT OF A CATASTROPHE FORETOLD is also about a virus shrouded in taboo and fantasy because of its primary means of transmission: sex. The taboo and stigma surrounding AIDS are so profound that 20 years after its emergence, people all over the world continue to deny its existence.
Key actors, including Eric Sawyer, a founder of Act Up New York, Sandra Thurman, President Clinton's AIDS advisor, Mathilde Krim, founder of AMFAR, Noerine Kaleeba, founder of TASO and a UNAIDS advisor, France's Health Minister Bernard Kouchner, Peter Piot, Director of UNAIDS and others who have lived this drama for the past twenty years, tell the story. These people come from the North and the South, from inside the pharmaceutical giants, governments and international institutions, and from the outside. They have been witness to the hopes and failures, errors and denial. They tell how those who had the power to do something did not, because of denial, ignorance, or deliberately. Or simply because there was no interest in it for them.
Supported by archives and testimonies, 6000 A DAY - AN ACCOUNT OF A CATASTROPHE FORETOLD reveals the tragic degree of indifference and ignorance with which HIV/AIDS has been dealt.
'6000 A DAY is great in scope, and accomplishes the difficult feat of succinctly chronicling the worldwide reaction to the AIDS crisis since it was first isolated. The film encapsulates the international reaction, or rather the lack thereof, to the AIDS crisis since its discovery, and examines the social, political, and economic barriers that have obstructed a concerted worldwide public health response to the epidemic. Sound and video quality are both very good... An extremely well balanced investigation.'-AIDS Book Review Journal
'A fascinating study of a disease and how it is being treated... an excellent addition for libraries with collections on health science, bioethics and political action.'-Educational Media Reviews Online
Citation
Main credits
Brooks, Philip (film director)
Other credits
Director of photography, Nina Kellgren; editor, Maureen Mazurek.
Distributor subjects
Africa; Global Health; HIV/AIDS; Health Care Issues; Medicine; Public Health; South AfricaKeywords
WEBVTT
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[sil.]
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It is a
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whimper and a scream. It is pain you
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never imagined. It is fear you never
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dreamed. It is grief you never guessed.
It is the
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loneliness like the whistle
of a train passing in
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the dark night of your soul.
It is the fighting
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back. It is courage. It is irony.
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It is integrity. Its
people joining forces in a
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time of great need, it\'s the mourning
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together. It\'s the mourning alone.
00:01:00.000 --> 00:01:04.999
It is the sweet pain of
knowing that you are
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dying, and the overwhelming
sadness of those who kiss
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you into their dream. It\'s a wail. It\'s a
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howl, it has begun our grasp, it is
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awful, it is awesome, it is
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AIDS.
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[music]
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[non-English narration]
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This is an epidemic that
has been absolutely driven
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by prejudice. And we\'ve
been hamstrung in our
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efforts by homophobia,
by racism, by sexism,
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by classism, and we\'ve
stumbled on every single
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block. We have not made it
over a single obstacle without
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stumbling. In the 20 years since
world first had of AIDS, the
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epidemic has spread to every corner of the
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world. It has killed almost 22
million people. It has left
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13 million children orphaned,
more than 36 million people
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worldwide are living with HIV AIDS.
Last year
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alone, more than 5 million
people were infected.
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Everyday, another 15,000 people
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acquire the virus. In the
beginning, there was a strange
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new disease. We were scared and
we blamed others. Some said, we
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do reap in our flesh when we violate the
laws of God. My boy friend had very
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visible KS and had wasting syndrome,
he looked like a walking skeleton with
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huge purples sores all over his... purples
calices actually all over his body
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including his face. We\'d go into restaurants and people
would say \"You can’t eat here, you know, get out of
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here you know... you know you’ll make
everybody sick, you know you diseased
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fagots you know why don’t you go somewhere and
die.\" And some people would spit on us on the
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street, elbow us as they walked by us,
throw us out of stores, move away from
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us on subway cars. I can remember
crosses being burned in people’s front
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yards. I can remember countless times having
to borrow the truck of a friend to go and
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pick people’s belongings up off of a sidewalk
when they had been literally thrown out of
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their apartments when it was discovered that they had
AIDS. People are fired from their jobs. We have to
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have parties where we\'d pass the hat
to collect money to pay people\'s rents
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because they\'d be unemployed and unable
to get a job because they were so
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sick and there were no social programs
to care for them that um... the only way
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people could survive was on the generosity
of their friends. But that became harder and
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harder as more and more people died.
Administrators of hospitals were
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worried that this strange disease.
God knows what these
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people do to get this kind of
disease you know would affect their
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clientele, their patrons. My
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cancer hospital was very worried that the rich
cancer patients would not come anymore if
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they knew they were people with
what became to known as AIDS.
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[sil.]
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On the other side of the planet, in Central
Africa, people were also dying from a
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strange and terrifying new disease.
Everything separated the first two breeding
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grounds of the epidemic. Everything, that
is, except the same fear of the unknown and
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the belief that it was the
wrath and fury of superior
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forces. I had heard about AIDS as early as
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1982. I read a magazine which
described AIDS as a disease that
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affected white, homosexual
men in San Francisco.
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As a person, I had said while
since it affects white,
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gay men in San Francisco, there is no way
to... it would ever affect me because
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at that time, I had never met a gay
man, I would... I had never been
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to San Francisco, so I... I had no
way of relating to the disease.
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Word begins to circulate around
that this disease seems to be
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in Uganda, in a little village
in Kasensero in Rakai district.
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And it was like a rumor and
the debate was it couldn\'t
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be... I mean how can it be, how did it
get there because how could it have
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jumped from San Francisco. Here in Uganda,
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the first victims just waste way.
The killer disease becomes known as
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SLIMS, it decimates entire villages.
On the shores of Lake
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Victoria, fishermen remembered their
disarray when the first person fell ill.
00:06:35.000 --> 00:06:43.000
[non-English narration]
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What is happening in Uganda is
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spreading to the four corners of Central Africa.
Here the disease is no way connected to
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homosexuals or other marginal groups. This
raises a fundamental question, could we all
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get it? Despite the absurdity of the
idea that whatever the deadly thing
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is might choose the sexual orientation of
its host, scientists at first just don\'t
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want to believe this. There
was a lot of disbelief
00:07:55.000 --> 00:07:59.999
and uh, particularly when
you would suggest that HIV
00:08:00.000 --> 00:08:04.999
could be transmitted from women to men, from
men to women it could say fine you know,
00:08:05.000 --> 00:08:09.999
they have anal intercourse or something like that
and so that people would accept, but from women
00:08:10.000 --> 00:08:14.999
to men, they said it\'s impossible. Faced
with the unknown, denial and fantasy are a
00:08:15.000 --> 00:08:19.999
handy reaction for us all. We thought that
like homosexuals, Africans must also engage
00:08:20.000 --> 00:08:24.999
in bizarre sexual practices. There
were very racist perceptions
00:08:25.000 --> 00:08:29.999
about AIDS in Africa in the 80s,
which turned out to be a major
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handicap to increase awareness
among African leaders that
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they should do something about AIDS. One
extreme example is that, at this first
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conference on AIDS in Atlanta
that an American journalist
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asked Dr. Kapita who was then the prime
00:08:50.000 --> 00:08:54.999
Zairean AIDS specialist, whether
AIDS was such a problem
00:08:55.000 --> 00:08:59.999
in Central Africa because Africans
have sex with monkeys. In
00:09:00.000 --> 00:09:04.999
1984, the cause of what is now known
as AIDS is finally discovered. It is
00:09:05.000 --> 00:09:09.999
a retro virus called HIV. But this medical
discovery does nothing to quell the
00:09:10.000 --> 00:09:14.999
wave of fear and prejudice. If anything, the means
of transmission, sex and blood just fuel the
00:09:15.000 --> 00:09:19.999
fantasies. In the North, the disease
remains the gay cancer even when
00:09:20.000 --> 00:09:24.999
celebrities openly admit to having the
disease the word AIDS remains taboo.
00:09:25.000 --> 00:09:29.999
Mr. Rock Hudson has Acquired Immune
00:09:30.000 --> 00:09:34.999
Deficiency Syndrome, which was diagnosed
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over a year-ago in the United States. After
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we knew that Rock had gone to Paris, you
know this was reported in the newspapers
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to try the first experimental treatment
in Paris and came back sicker
00:09:50.000 --> 00:09:54.999
than ever. His friend, the President
Reagan, called him up and commiserated
00:09:55.000 --> 00:09:59.999
on his having hepatitis. He
could not bring himself to say
00:10:00.000 --> 00:10:04.999
AIDS. President Reagan
said the word AIDS once
00:10:05.000 --> 00:10:09.999
the first and last time at the
dinner party that we gave, we
00:10:10.000 --> 00:10:14.999
meaning the American Foundation for
Aids Research. I\'ve also asked
00:10:15.000 --> 00:10:19.999
HHS to add the AIDS virus to the
list of contagious diseases
00:10:20.000 --> 00:10:24.999
for which immigrants and aliens seeking permanent
residence in the United States can be denied
00:10:25.000 --> 00:10:29.999
entry. Oh, oh, oh.
00:10:30.000 --> 00:10:34.999
Through fear, taboo, and stigma, we missed the
first opportunities of tackling AIDS during
00:10:35.000 --> 00:10:39.999
these early years of the epidemic. These
very notions for years fueled the
00:10:40.000 --> 00:10:44.999
spread of the virus and continue to do so
today. As long as only marginal groups were
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being infected, the world could turn a blind
eye, then came a growing terror that the
00:10:50.000 --> 00:10:54.999
deadly virus could infect us all. The Wall
Street Journal didn\'t talk about AIDS
00:10:55.000 --> 00:10:59.999
until heterosexual AIDS was discovered,
then it made The Wall Street
00:11:00.000 --> 00:11:04.999
Journal. And the UN didn\'t really
talk about AIDS until the mid-80s,
00:11:05.000 --> 00:11:09.999
but some epidemiologists started making
projections, started gathering data and
00:11:10.000 --> 00:11:14.999
those projections first galvanized interest,
people said, \"My God! we might really be
00:11:15.000 --> 00:11:19.999
faced with an epidemic.\"
00:11:20.000 --> 00:11:24.999
There is an epidemic of AIDS spreading across
the African continent and it will have a
00:11:25.000 --> 00:11:29.999
direct impact on us. Good evening. I\'m Dr.
Timothy Johnson in New York
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and this is Nightline. An
estimated 5 million Africans are
00:11:35.000 --> 00:11:39.999
infected with the AIDS virus, and in Africa
just as many females get the disease
00:11:40.000 --> 00:11:44.999
as males. Moreover,
homosexuality is not a factor.
00:11:45.000 --> 00:11:49.999
There is now a danger that has
become a threat to us all.
00:11:50.000 --> 00:11:54.999
It is a deadly disease and
there is no known cure.
00:11:55.000 --> 00:11:59.999
The virus can be passed during sexual
intercourse with an infected person.
00:12:00.000 --> 00:12:04.999
Anyone can get it, man or woman. So
00:12:05.000 --> 00:12:09.999
far it\'s been confined to small
groups but it\'s spreading.
00:12:10.000 --> 00:12:14.999
Something about this virus unleashes
hysteria like no other disease.
00:12:15.000 --> 00:12:19.999
Compassion and understanding
of the first victim.
00:12:20.000 --> 00:12:24.999
When Jason\'s mother want a court
order to place him in regular school
00:12:25.000 --> 00:12:29.999
classroom, it unleashed a furious battle.
And now after we provide a school for,
00:12:30.000 --> 00:12:34.999
my kids in there with a kid with AIDS.
I\'m afraid of my son going to school,
00:12:35.000 --> 00:12:39.999
eating off the trays that Jason eats off from and
bringing home and maybe giving it to his sisters.
00:12:40.000 --> 00:12:44.999
[sil.]
00:12:45.000 --> 00:12:49.999
At first, only gays
00:12:50.000 --> 00:12:54.999
and IV drug users were
being killed by AIDS,
00:12:55.000 --> 00:12:59.999
but now we know everyone of
us could be devastated by it.
00:13:00.000 --> 00:13:04.999
Believing the South represents
the greatest threat,
00:13:05.000 --> 00:13:09.999
our first reaction in the North is to
try and insulate ourselves. In Belgium,
00:13:10.000 --> 00:13:14.999
the government implements compulsory AIDS
testing for African students. The Belgian
00:13:15.000 --> 00:13:19.999
government wants to warn these
00:13:20.000 --> 00:13:24.999
countries that it has no use to invest
00:13:25.000 --> 00:13:29.999
money, to invest time, in students
00:13:30.000 --> 00:13:34.999
who are ill, sick, and after
00:13:35.000 --> 00:13:39.999
some years dead.
00:13:40.000 --> 00:13:44.999
[non-English narration]
00:13:45.000 --> 00:13:49.999
While the North barricades itself against the
disease. In Uganda, people begin to organize against
00:13:50.000 --> 00:13:54.999
the epidemic. Noerine Kaleeba has
just lost her husband to AIDS.
00:13:55.000 --> 00:13:59.999
After Christopher died in January, I
realized that I wasn\'t going to be able to
00:14:00.000 --> 00:14:04.999
continue as a physiotherapist that
what I needed to do was to fight
00:14:05.000 --> 00:14:09.999
this pandemic. We started by setting up
00:14:10.000 --> 00:14:14.999
a support group for ourselves because we
needed to comfort each other, then we named
00:14:15.000 --> 00:14:19.999
that support group, TASO.
I began to find people
00:14:20.000 --> 00:14:24.999
with AIDS who had been brought to the
hospital and had been abandoned there.
00:14:25.000 --> 00:14:29.999
And I said, if AIDS was going
to take peoples\' lives, but
00:14:30.000 --> 00:14:34.999
also take peoples\' dignity,
as Africans, we would
00:14:35.000 --> 00:14:39.999
have lost more than just life.
Come, come, let us fight together,
00:14:40.000 --> 00:14:42.120
the AIDS problem is for us
all, corrective(inaudible)
00:14:45.000 --> 00:14:53.000
in order to win the battle. Come, come, let us
fight together the AIDS problem is for us all;
00:14:55.000 --> 00:14:56.000
corrective(inaudible)
00:14:56.001 --> 00:14:59.999
in order to
00:15:00.000 --> 00:15:04.999
win the battle. Those with
AIDS are accused of bringing
00:15:05.000 --> 00:15:09.999
the disease on to themselves and being a threat to
others. The infected and their loved ones could
00:15:10.000 --> 00:15:14.999
count on little or no support to combat
either the virus or the discrimination.
00:15:15.000 --> 00:15:19.999
In the North, the gay community decimated by
the epidemic, took to the streets to demand
00:15:20.000 --> 00:15:24.999
action. Activism happened in the US
primarily because we were fighting
00:15:25.000 --> 00:15:29.999
for our lives, and we responded
as a community fighting
00:15:30.000 --> 00:15:34.999
a war. We took to the streets, we took care
of our brothers and sisters and our homes,
00:15:35.000 --> 00:15:39.999
we really joined together with a sense
of community to try to respond as if
00:15:40.000 --> 00:15:44.999
we were under attack by a foreign
government or a foreign military.
00:15:45.000 --> 00:15:49.999
Five years in to the AIDS epidemic,
we knew that every country
00:15:50.000 --> 00:15:54.999
and everyone of us are at risk. With no
cure and spreading fast, significant
00:15:55.000 --> 00:15:59.999
change finally happens. Individuals can
sometimes make a difference. In late
00:16:00.000 --> 00:16:04.999
1986, the director general of the World Health
Organization embraces the issue of AIDS
00:16:05.000 --> 00:16:09.999
for the first time. We\'ve
had AIDS for five years, so
00:16:10.000 --> 00:16:14.999
why has it taken so long? Have your hands been tied?
No, I don\'t think hands have been tied, my mind
00:16:15.000 --> 00:16:19.999
might well have been tied. But I
think I didn\'t quite understand or
00:16:20.000 --> 00:16:24.999
grasp the kind of ramifications of it. You
had couple of thousand cases, now you have
00:16:25.000 --> 00:16:29.999
all of a sudden about 100,000 cases and then
you have another million of AIDS-related cases
00:16:30.000 --> 00:16:34.999
and then you have another kind of fifty
to hundred million people becoming
00:16:35.000 --> 00:16:39.999
infected if you look into the next five
years. The global program for AIDS, GPA has
00:16:40.000 --> 00:16:44.999
established and chosen to run it is Jonathan
Mann, the darkest hours are to give way to a new
00:16:45.000 --> 00:16:49.999
dawn. The call has now gone out to
individuals, to nations, and to the family
00:16:50.000 --> 00:16:54.999
of nations, a call that says that we
know how to stop AIDS and that what is
00:16:55.000 --> 00:16:59.999
now required is the responsible actions take
place at the individual and the national
00:17:00.000 --> 00:17:04.999
and the international level. In the beginning,
they are just three, Manuel Carballo,
00:17:05.000 --> 00:17:09.999
man killed in an air crash in
1998, and Daniel Tarantola. Men
00:17:10.000 --> 00:17:14.999
on a mission they are
out to save the world.
00:17:15.000 --> 00:17:23.000
[non-English narration]
00:17:40.000 --> 00:17:44.999
One of the things that the global program
00:17:45.000 --> 00:17:49.999
on AIDS succeeded in doing was in
00:17:50.000 --> 00:17:54.999
introducing a sense of restraint,
00:17:55.000 --> 00:17:59.999
introducing a sense of...
Of calm, introducing the
00:18:00.000 --> 00:18:04.999
idea that we were all and
are equal infected and
00:18:05.000 --> 00:18:09.999
non-infected. Against AIDS, we
will prevail together, for we will
00:18:10.000 --> 00:18:14.999
refuse to be split or to
cast into the shadows
00:18:15.000 --> 00:18:19.999
those persons, groups and nations that
are affected. Within months, the program
00:18:20.000 --> 00:18:24.999
is up and running. Jonathan Mann and his
new team work on a master plan, donor
00:18:25.000 --> 00:18:29.999
funding pours in. Central Africa, hardest
hit by the epidemic, is at the top of the
00:18:30.000 --> 00:18:34.999
agenda. To understand AIDS in-in Africa,
00:18:35.000 --> 00:18:39.999
particularly Sub-Saharan Africa, today you
have to put it into the context of a...
00:18:40.000 --> 00:18:44.999
Of a continent or a part of the
continent that has been so violently
00:18:45.000 --> 00:18:49.999
shaken in... in recent years.
At the end of 2000,
00:18:50.000 --> 00:18:54.999
over 50% of the countries of Sub-Saharan
Africa were involved in wars, conflicts
00:18:55.000 --> 00:18:59.999
that have uprooted over 30 million
people in the space of 15
00:19:00.000 --> 00:19:04.999
years, coincidentally the same
period in a sense as AIDS.
00:19:05.000 --> 00:19:09.999
When people are faced or confronted
with this type of disorganization,
00:19:10.000 --> 00:19:14.999
casual emotional relationships,
00:19:15.000 --> 00:19:19.999
casual sexual relationships
become a way of looking
00:19:20.000 --> 00:19:24.999
for support, become a way of
dealing with the unknown,
00:19:25.000 --> 00:19:29.999
become a way of coping. Chaos
00:19:30.000 --> 00:19:34.999
and displacement are a godsend to the virus.
Uganda is the first country to call for help.
00:19:35.000 --> 00:19:39.999
A ten-year civil war finally over, the new
authorities confronted with the most advanced
00:19:40.000 --> 00:19:44.999
epidemic in Africa decide not to bury their
head in the sand, but tackle AIDS head on.
00:19:45.000 --> 00:19:49.999
As a military person, you
always have a belief that
00:19:50.000 --> 00:19:54.999
you will defeat the enemy.
But the day I was told
00:19:55.000 --> 00:19:59.999
that I had AIDS, I was
captured, as it were,
00:20:00.000 --> 00:20:04.999
because there was nothing, there
was no more war I can wage.
00:20:05.000 --> 00:20:09.999
I went to see my President and
told him look, I have AIDS.
00:20:10.000 --> 00:20:14.999
You know he look at me and he did like this, and said,
\"What you want me to do?\" I said, \"I want permission
00:20:15.000 --> 00:20:19.999
so that I may go and help other...
Other soldiers and other officers
00:20:20.000 --> 00:20:24.999
and men.\" I know many of them have got it.
I\'m not the only one
00:20:25.000 --> 00:20:29.999
and indeed, he was the first person to
give me the funding. So, I went about
00:20:30.000 --> 00:20:34.999
training the army, young people to learn
00:20:35.000 --> 00:20:39.999
how to take cover, and
taking cover in this case
00:20:40.000 --> 00:20:44.999
was to put on a condom.
00:20:45.000 --> 00:20:49.999
[non-English narration]
00:20:50.000 --> 00:20:54.999
Learn how to use a
00:20:55.000 --> 00:20:59.999
condom just like you know how to use a
bullet because this as important as that.
00:21:00.000 --> 00:21:04.999
Hey my friend, why do you want to be
killed by a car for nothing? What is that
00:21:05.000 --> 00:21:09.999
you are reading in such a busy road man? My
friend, thank you for saving my life but you see
00:21:10.000 --> 00:21:14.999
I was busy reading this poster and this
dreadful disease called Slim or AIDS.
00:21:15.000 --> 00:21:19.999
Doctors say that it has no cure. It
has no cure? No. How is it spread?
00:21:20.000 --> 00:21:24.999
They say that it is spread through
sexual relations. How? Don\'t ask such a
00:21:25.000 --> 00:21:29.999
silly question. In the early response
to HIV, there was intense debate
00:21:30.000 --> 00:21:34.999
whether or not young people
should be educated on sex
00:21:35.000 --> 00:21:39.999
and prevention on HIV, but that
debate I think was very useful
00:21:40.000 --> 00:21:44.999
to happen early in the recognition
of the epidemic and to
00:21:45.000 --> 00:21:49.999
led to agreement within families
that AIDS education can be taught
00:21:50.000 --> 00:21:54.999
at school. As a result of that,
you will find very open sex
00:21:55.000 --> 00:21:59.999
discussions among young people. Have
you ever seen a person with AIDS? Yes.
00:22:00.000 --> 00:22:04.999
What did they look like? They are thin.
They are thin?
00:22:05.000 --> 00:22:09.999
They\'re not fat like me? Yeah. How many
think that fat person can have AIDS?
00:22:10.000 --> 00:22:14.999
Throughout the 20 years of the epidemic, it\'s people
on the front line who have led the battle against
00:22:15.000 --> 00:22:19.999
the disease and its consequences. In Uganda, they
were lucky to be backed up by political world.
00:22:20.000 --> 00:22:24.999
This is the time when other
African leaders also speak out.
00:22:25.000 --> 00:22:29.999
In my opinion, we ought to
speak out as leaders publicly,
00:22:30.000 --> 00:22:34.999
as often as possible so that the
people of Africa can know, can learn.
00:22:35.000 --> 00:22:39.999
Uganda becomes a model for the new global
effort on AIDS and of how a poor country
00:22:40.000 --> 00:22:44.999
can combat the epidemic. This is a time,
when it seems the whole world is waking from
00:22:45.000 --> 00:22:49.999
its slumber regarding AIDS. [sil.]
00:22:50.000 --> 00:22:54.999
The global program on AIDS was a
program that grew very, very fast.
00:22:55.000 --> 00:22:59.999
It was a program that grew fast
in terms of funding, human
00:23:00.000 --> 00:23:04.999
resources. There was a time when we had
over a thousand consultants in the
00:23:05.000 --> 00:23:09.999
field. Over 150 countries
have set up national
00:23:10.000 --> 00:23:14.999
AIDS committees. Hundreds of international
experts have been mobilized
00:23:15.000 --> 00:23:19.999
to help countries rapidly leading
to immediate action, national AIDS
00:23:20.000 --> 00:23:24.999
plans and comprehensive AIDS
programs in countries all over
00:23:25.000 --> 00:23:29.999
the world, all this in less than a year.
Dr. Mann,
00:23:30.000 --> 00:23:34.999
why World AIDS Day? There are
so many other world days. Well
00:23:35.000 --> 00:23:39.999
Jim, this is really the culmination of an extraordinary
global mobilization over the last two years.
00:23:40.000 --> 00:23:44.999
In two years, the world against AIDS
has gone from a world of confusion and
00:23:45.000 --> 00:23:49.999
chaos and uncertainty to a world mobilized with
national AIDS programs in every country, and
00:23:50.000 --> 00:23:54.999
so, this day really symbolizes a world
united against AIDS. That probably was a
00:23:55.000 --> 00:23:59.999
turning point not only in getting the organization
mobilized, but it was also a turning point
00:24:00.000 --> 00:24:04.999
in the sense of... creating a sense
of competition, if you will,
00:24:05.000 --> 00:24:09.999
in the organization, and a feeling
on the part of some people
00:24:10.000 --> 00:24:14.999
that AIDS was getting too much attention
and was being given too much limelight.
00:24:15.000 --> 00:24:19.999
The momentum of the global effort
is about to be dealt a blow.
00:24:20.000 --> 00:24:24.999
A new Director General of WHO
is elected, Hiroshi Nakajima.
00:24:25.000 --> 00:24:29.999
To fight AIDS requires an
unconventional approach.
00:24:30.000 --> 00:24:34.999
With Mann and his team, prostitutes, drug users,
homosexuals rubbed shoulders with bureaucrats and
00:24:35.000 --> 00:24:39.999
health officials. The unorthodoxy provokes
the ire of many and the trio made
00:24:40.000 --> 00:24:44.999
well-placed enemies. Nakajima took refuge
in safer traditional health issues,
00:24:45.000 --> 00:24:50.000
a banal but deadly battle
of infighting follows.
00:24:55.000 --> 00:25:03.000
[non-English narration]
00:25:10.000 --> 00:25:14.999
So much of our work was basically thrown
00:25:15.000 --> 00:25:19.999
out of the window, you know I
mean, the momentum, the energy
00:25:20.000 --> 00:25:24.999
and I\'m not talking about just the momentum and
energy in the global program on AIDS, I\'m talking
00:25:25.000 --> 00:25:30.000
about the global momentum just
stopped, came to a standstill.
00:25:35.000 --> 00:25:43.000
[non-English narration]
00:26:00.000 --> 00:26:04.999
What follows the six dead years?
00:26:05.000 --> 00:26:09.999
In the North, the first drugs appear, offering
not effective treatment but a glimmer of hope.
00:26:10.000 --> 00:26:14.999
Safe sex campaigns succeed in changing sexual
behavior and the fear of a heterosexual
00:26:15.000 --> 00:26:19.999
epidemic dwindles. And when the rich lose their fear
and they lose the incentive to invest in the problems
00:26:20.000 --> 00:26:24.999
of the poor, the North turns its back
on global efforts to combat AIDS.
00:26:25.000 --> 00:26:29.999
I think our years of inaction
literally cost us millions of lives,
00:26:30.000 --> 00:26:34.999
maybe 18, maybe 20, maybe more. Who knows
how many lives we could have saved
00:26:35.000 --> 00:26:39.999
if we have had a very effective and
aggressive prevention programs.
00:26:40.000 --> 00:26:44.999
What really happened in the early
90s, before effective treatment,
00:26:45.000 --> 00:26:49.999
is donors became afraid of how much this
was gonna cost them. They were afraid of
00:26:50.000 --> 00:26:54.999
the money, and all of a sudden donors
they don\'t want to support care,
00:26:55.000 --> 00:26:59.999
they didn’t want to support AIDS.
It wasn\'t as if those with the
00:27:00.000 --> 00:27:04.999
power to do something were not informed.
In 1990, a CIA report
00:27:05.000 --> 00:27:09.999
circulates within the US government predicting
45 million people will be infected by the
00:27:10.000 --> 00:27:14.999
virus at the end of the millennium,
the vast majority in Africa. [sil.]
00:27:15.000 --> 00:27:19.999
Had the study predicted
00:27:20.000 --> 00:27:24.999
that the bulk of the impact of
the pandemic was in some other
00:27:25.000 --> 00:27:29.999
region of the world, perhaps Europe,
00:27:30.000 --> 00:27:34.999
or even Asia, say Japan,
00:27:35.000 --> 00:27:39.999
probably the US policy reponse
as well as the world policy
00:27:40.000 --> 00:27:44.999
response would have been different.
00:27:45.000 --> 00:27:53.000
[non-English narration]
00:28:00.000 --> 00:28:04.999
With the
00:28:05.000 --> 00:28:09.999
break-up of the Soviet Union and
basically the end of the cold
00:28:10.000 --> 00:28:14.999
war, agendas were changing
very rapidly, and demands
00:28:15.000 --> 00:28:19.999
for the attention and the
creativity, and the energies
00:28:20.000 --> 00:28:24.999
of policy makers all around the
world were on a variety of other
00:28:25.000 --> 00:28:29.999
topics in addition to AIDS.
As global efforts to
00:28:30.000 --> 00:28:34.999
combat AIDS flounder, infection rates rage.
Finally in 1995,
00:28:35.000 --> 00:28:39.999
world governments make a half-hearted attempt
to establish a new coordinating body,
00:28:40.000 --> 00:28:44.999
UNAIDS, even then it got off to
a bad start. We were created in
00:28:45.000 --> 00:28:49.999
about the most hostile and
unfavorable climate. We were created
00:28:50.000 --> 00:28:54.999
to bring together all the agencies
and to expand the response against
00:28:55.000 --> 00:28:59.999
AIDS to make sure that various agencies
00:29:00.000 --> 00:29:04.999
I involved increase their spending,
and actually opposite happened.
00:29:05.000 --> 00:29:09.999
With AIDS programs almost at a standstill,
we march backwards. The fantasies
00:29:10.000 --> 00:29:14.999
always attached to this virus re-emerge with a vengeance.
The talk of town is again that this whole AIDS
00:29:15.000 --> 00:29:19.999
business is an invention. This fans the flames
and the virus attacks new regions, Southern
00:29:20.000 --> 00:29:24.999
Africa, India, the former Soviet Union.
That attitude was
00:29:25.000 --> 00:29:29.999
utterly that this is... this is a myth.
How can you be talking about AIDS
00:29:30.000 --> 00:29:34.999
that we have... this is a
disease that has been a...
00:29:35.000 --> 00:29:39.999
What is the word, it\'s been
it\'s a myth that\'s been
00:29:40.000 --> 00:29:44.999
propagated by the white people
in order to stop black people
00:29:45.000 --> 00:29:49.999
reproduce it. And I\'ll tell you and to
lead you and warn you and guide you.
00:29:50.000 --> 00:29:54.999
You use this today or in
the future, you will cut
00:29:55.000 --> 00:29:59.999
HIV. It is bad enough that religious
leaders led people down the
00:30:00.000 --> 00:30:04.999
garden path. Political leaders then and
still today propagate dangerous myths.
00:30:05.000 --> 00:30:09.999
[sil.]
00:30:10.000 --> 00:30:14.999
It is also a historical fact
00:30:15.000 --> 00:30:19.999
known that HIV AIDS is...
00:30:20.000 --> 00:30:24.999
It\'s man made disease,
00:30:25.000 --> 00:30:30.000
it\'s not natural.
00:30:35.000 --> 00:30:39.999
[non-English narration]
00:30:40.000 --> 00:30:44.999
As I listened and heard the whole story
00:30:45.000 --> 00:30:49.999
told about our own country, it seemed to
me that we could not blame everything
00:30:50.000 --> 00:30:54.999
on a single virus. After grappling
for ten years with the disease,
00:30:55.000 --> 00:30:59.999
the Ugandans have by now succeeded in reversing
the number of new infections. They are
00:31:00.000 --> 00:31:04.999
dumbstruck that other African countries do
not want to learn from their experience. I
00:31:05.000 --> 00:31:09.999
visited thirteen states of Nigeria. I was
supposed to discuss with the people,
00:31:10.000 --> 00:31:14.999
live on television. The government
studio... the government people
00:31:15.000 --> 00:31:19.999
refused me to go into the studio because
they feared I was going to leave HIV
00:31:20.000 --> 00:31:24.999
in the studio. We couldn\'t do a good job here in
Uganda without involving our neighboring countries.
00:31:25.000 --> 00:31:29.999
So I began with a few
others to develop a package
00:31:30.000 --> 00:31:34.999
and we said \"Oh! let\'s go and mobilize Tanzania,
let\'s go and help our friends in Kenya.\"
00:31:35.000 --> 00:31:39.999
And I even went to South Africa. For South
Africa, the consequences are tragic,
00:31:40.000 --> 00:31:44.999
the new democratic government already faces
a huge task in writing the wrongs of par
00:31:45.000 --> 00:31:49.999
tide. No one is prepared to grasp the
implications of the impending disaster.
00:31:50.000 --> 00:31:54.999
Once again, denial is the greatest
friend of the virus. I think the notion
00:31:55.000 --> 00:31:59.999
was that South Africa would show the world that we
Africans can do things as well as anybody else.
00:32:00.000 --> 00:32:04.999
And what AIDS does is to destroy all of that...
You know so instead of this great triumphant
00:32:05.000 --> 00:32:09.999
march, what we have is disaster.
But at the end of the day, the
00:32:10.000 --> 00:32:14.999
truth of the matter is
that millions of South
00:32:15.000 --> 00:32:19.999
Africans they are going to die
for... I suppose from neglect is
00:32:20.000 --> 00:32:24.999
all one can say, I mean it didn\'t
it didn\'t have to be this way.
00:32:25.000 --> 00:32:29.999
You know we keep trying
to get away from our
00:32:30.000 --> 00:32:34.999
shadows and the truth of the matter is we
can no longer get away from our shadows
00:32:35.000 --> 00:32:39.999
than we can get away from the families we were
born into. We can no more get away from our
00:32:40.000 --> 00:32:44.999
shadows than we can get away from the religious
traditions in which we were raised. We can no more
00:32:45.000 --> 00:32:49.999
get away from our shadows than we can
get away from the history of which
00:32:50.000 --> 00:32:54.999
we are a part.
00:32:55.000 --> 00:32:59.999
[music]
00:33:00.000 --> 00:33:04.999
1996, a moment of triumph, at
00:33:05.000 --> 00:33:09.999
the Vancouver World AIDS Conference, the first successful
treatment called anti-retrovirus is announced, a
00:33:10.000 --> 00:33:14.999
decade of medical research has paid off.
The drugs, they are not however a cure,
00:33:15.000 --> 00:33:19.999
and once prescribed need to be taken daily for
the rest of one\'s life. The drug company set
00:33:20.000 --> 00:33:24.999
a price of $15,000 per person a year.
00:33:25.000 --> 00:33:29.999
The general mood was... for the first
time in a long time, tremendous
00:33:30.000 --> 00:33:34.999
optimism about the potential of combination
therapies. But from the community,
00:33:35.000 --> 00:33:39.999
you are starting to hear the obvious
question, well if it\'s good in the West,
00:33:40.000 --> 00:33:44.999
how about the poor countries, what are we gonna
do about them? And I think there was a great
00:33:45.000 --> 00:33:49.999
early opportunity at that point
for industry to have shown that
00:33:50.000 --> 00:33:54.999
it was seriously concerned about
extending the benefits of the medicines
00:33:55.000 --> 00:33:59.999
instead the industry tended to gravitate
towards its conservative model and to
00:34:00.000 --> 00:34:04.999
take good news as sufficient. You know, we\'re
gonna make money in the rich countries,
00:34:05.000 --> 00:34:09.999
the rest can\'t be our problem, we can\'t solve
it, so let\'s try and keep it arms length.
00:34:10.000 --> 00:34:14.999
When you have had the exciting
news during this conference
00:34:15.000 --> 00:34:19.999
about the advances that have been
made with regard to the use of AZT
00:34:20.000 --> 00:34:24.999
in interrupting mother
to child transmission of
00:34:25.000 --> 00:34:29.999
HIV.
00:34:30.000 --> 00:34:34.999
The young, infected women in
Africa is asking the question,
00:34:35.000 --> 00:34:39.999
where? How? When? Does she access to this
00:34:40.000 --> 00:34:44.999
wonderful... Greed kills
00:34:45.000 --> 00:34:49.999
excess fraught, greed kills excess fraught,
00:34:50.000 --> 00:34:54.999
greed kills... Far from being the hope
of a new future, the new drugs glaringly
00:34:55.000 --> 00:34:59.999
underlying the world\'s divide. In the North
people living with HIV AIDS have lifeboats,
00:35:00.000 --> 00:35:04.999
their twins in the South are left behind
in freezing water. It remains unacceptable
00:35:05.000 --> 00:35:09.999
that people living with AIDS especially
but not only in the developing
00:35:10.000 --> 00:35:14.999
world, should have to live without the
essential drugs they need to their
00:35:15.000 --> 00:35:19.999
HIV-related illness. I
00:35:20.000 --> 00:35:24.999
didn\'t realize how tragic that would turn
00:35:25.000 --> 00:35:29.999
out to be where we still... I don\'t
know is it what six years later,
00:35:30.000 --> 00:35:34.999
where still today people with HIV
00:35:35.000 --> 00:35:39.999
in a developing world largely don\'t
have access to these treatments
00:35:40.000 --> 00:35:44.999
for economic reasons, for
00:35:45.000 --> 00:35:49.999
infrastructure reasons and
not for scientific reasons.
00:35:50.000 --> 00:35:54.999
When Sandra Thurman becomes President
Clinton\'s top AIDS advisor, US funding
00:35:55.000 --> 00:35:59.999
for fighting AIDS internationally has remained static
for the eighth consecutive year. Well, the early
00:36:00.000 --> 00:36:04.999
days in the White House were
very very difficult. It was
00:36:05.000 --> 00:36:09.999
the lack, primarily the lack
of the sense of urgency.
00:36:10.000 --> 00:36:14.999
About 6,000 people being buried a
00:36:15.000 --> 00:36:19.999
day in Africa as a result of HIV.
It was a lack of understanding
00:36:20.000 --> 00:36:24.999
or attention paid when I would
say, we have 16,000 new
00:36:25.000 --> 00:36:29.999
infections a day and that would
just be lost in all the hubbub of
00:36:30.000 --> 00:36:34.999
needing to expand the defense
budget and you know needing to
00:36:35.000 --> 00:36:39.999
you know build more roads.
00:36:40.000 --> 00:36:44.999
[sil.]
00:36:45.000 --> 00:36:49.999
When we come to visit here, we are not
00:36:50.000 --> 00:36:54.999
sad, we just come to visit them and
then talk with them, and my mother
00:36:55.000 --> 00:36:59.999
does that regularly. This is a very special
person this one as well. She is a... she was
00:37:00.000 --> 00:37:04.999
my niece who died of AIDS
when she was 14. She was
00:37:05.000 --> 00:37:09.999
assaulted when she was nine, sexually
00:37:10.000 --> 00:37:14.999
abused. And by the time... and
then by... I mean the man who
00:37:15.000 --> 00:37:19.999
abused her was arrested and you
know the prosecution, but then
00:37:20.000 --> 00:37:24.999
she was infected when she was nine.
I mean I\'ve lost so many people to
00:37:25.000 --> 00:37:29.999
AIDS, all my sisters and brothers.
But for her, my anger was so,
00:37:30.000 --> 00:37:34.999
so much, and then my anger was with God
also because for a child like that, I
00:37:35.000 --> 00:37:39.999
felt the child should have some...
00:37:40.000 --> 00:37:44.999
What is the word... some compensation,
but Veronica she really,
00:37:45.000 --> 00:37:49.999
really suffered. Ands now she rests.
00:37:50.000 --> 00:37:54.999
The youngest family members we
have lost to AIDS, all these three
00:37:55.000 --> 00:37:59.999
have died of AIDS. And this one was also another
very painful experience because she was born with
00:38:00.000 --> 00:38:04.999
HIV, and when she died she was
eight and she had been ill
00:38:05.000 --> 00:38:09.999
for most of that time. And the pain, it
00:38:10.000 --> 00:38:14.999
really was excruciating. And then...
00:38:15.000 --> 00:38:19.999
Then all these are my sisters. My sister
Rose and then Justine and then it\'s...
00:38:20.000 --> 00:38:24.999
But as
00:38:25.000 --> 00:38:29.999
I keep saying, we are not a unique family, we
are not but maybe we are unique in the sense
00:38:30.000 --> 00:38:34.999
that we are open about it, but I think
more and more families are very,
00:38:35.000 --> 00:38:39.999
very open about it.
00:38:40.000 --> 00:38:44.999
[sil.]
00:38:45.000 --> 00:38:49.999
The new drugs turn out to be yet
another lost opportunity. While
00:38:50.000 --> 00:38:54.999
the vast majority of those needing medication do
not have access, in the North, the death toll
00:38:55.000 --> 00:38:59.999
falls dramatically. As is often the case
like after a terrible war with many victims,
00:39:00.000 --> 00:39:04.999
if we have a chance, we try and forget.
Once we got drugs that allowed us to
00:39:05.000 --> 00:39:09.999
live longer, we kind of met
our self need for self
00:39:10.000 --> 00:39:14.999
preservation and the majority
of AIDS activists said, well,
00:39:15.000 --> 00:39:19.999
my being an activist takes
away from my job productivity
00:39:20.000 --> 00:39:24.999
or how much money I can earn, and therefore
now that I have drugs and my friends have
00:39:25.000 --> 00:39:29.999
drugs, do we really need to be
activists anymore? And most activists
00:39:30.000 --> 00:39:34.999
answer that question with no.
00:39:35.000 --> 00:39:43.000
[non-English narration]
00:39:55.000 --> 00:39:59.999
South Africa, the hope of the continent
is the new center of the epidemic.
00:40:00.000 --> 00:40:04.999
Some 25% of 15 to 45 year olds
are infected with the virus
00:40:05.000 --> 00:40:09.999
and life expectancy in countries of the region
is falling dramatically. The magnitude of
00:40:10.000 --> 00:40:14.999
the coming disaster begins to shake the
world. After astate visit, President Clinton
00:40:15.000 --> 00:40:19.999
commissions the report on HIV in children
in Africa. It was after we came back
00:40:20.000 --> 00:40:24.999
and issued a report to President
Clinton that pretty clearly laid out
00:40:25.000 --> 00:40:29.999
some of the challenges that we face in Africa
and then the rest of the developing world
00:40:30.000 --> 00:40:34.999
and made some suggestions of actions
that we might take that people began
00:40:35.000 --> 00:40:39.999
to listen.
00:40:40.000 --> 00:40:48.000
[non-English narration]
00:41:20.000 --> 00:41:24.999
In
00:41:25.000 --> 00:41:29.999
1999, the world prepares for a global
future, but what future? Two decades
00:41:30.000 --> 00:41:34.999
into the epidemic the drugs are in the North,
while 95% of infections are in the South.
00:41:35.000 --> 00:41:39.999
Just as in the mid eighties, the world again
begins to wake up. Again it is from fear,
00:41:40.000 --> 00:41:44.999
the fear of potentially wide ranging
consequences that may come back to haunt us.
00:41:45.000 --> 00:41:49.999
The CIA released their second report.
This time governments
00:41:50.000 --> 00:41:54.999
listen, out of self interest AIDS
is back on the world agenda.
00:41:55.000 --> 00:41:59.999
The main findings of the
estimate were that... that the
00:42:00.000 --> 00:42:04.999
rising tide of infectious
diseases will pose
00:42:05.000 --> 00:42:09.999
both health and broader threats and
challenges to the United States and to US
00:42:10.000 --> 00:42:14.999
interests over the next 15
to 20 years, in particular
00:42:15.000 --> 00:42:19.999
AIDS that the spread could be so broad
00:42:20.000 --> 00:42:24.999
that it would actually negatively
impact the socioeconomic
00:42:25.000 --> 00:42:29.999
and political prospects
for countries and regions
00:42:30.000 --> 00:42:34.999
of significance to the United States.
Having the National Intelligence Council,
00:42:35.000 --> 00:42:39.999
which is part of our Central Intelligency
Agency say that HIV and AIDS
00:42:40.000 --> 00:42:44.999
is a crisis, that HIV and AIDS
will have a tremendous impact
00:42:45.000 --> 00:42:49.999
on stability and security, got the
attention of all of those people at
00:42:50.000 --> 00:42:54.999
the top of the democratic ladder who
00:42:55.000 --> 00:42:59.999
have the ability to really change
funding streams, priorities,
00:43:00.000 --> 00:43:04.999
all of the kinds to garner political
will in ways that we had never seen it
00:43:05.000 --> 00:43:09.999
garnered before. I call to
order this first meeting
00:43:10.000 --> 00:43:14.999
of the United Nations security council
in the 21st century. Today marks
00:43:15.000 --> 00:43:19.999
the first time after more than 4,000 meetings,
stretching back more than half a century
00:43:20.000 --> 00:43:24.999
that the security council will
discuss a health issue as a security
00:43:25.000 --> 00:43:29.999
threat. We tend to think of a
threat to security in terms of
00:43:30.000 --> 00:43:34.999
war and peace, yet no one can doubt that
the havoc wreaked and the toll exacted
00:43:35.000 --> 00:43:39.999
by HIV AIDS do threaten our security.
The heart
00:43:40.000 --> 00:43:44.999
of the security agenda is protecting
lives and we now know that the
00:43:45.000 --> 00:43:49.999
number of people who will die of AIDS in the
first decade of the 21st century will arrive
00:43:50.000 --> 00:43:54.999
at the number that died in all of the wars
in all of the decades of the 20th century.
00:43:55.000 --> 00:44:03.000
[non-English narration]
00:45:00.000 --> 00:45:04.999
In this new climate, pressure
grows on drug companies
00:45:05.000 --> 00:45:09.999
to slash prices and on northern governments
and international bodies to relax
00:45:10.000 --> 00:45:14.999
patent laws, allowing the manufacturing and
importing of cheap generic drugs. Over a period of
00:45:15.000 --> 00:45:19.999
12 months, the price of antiretrovirals
drops by 80%. I think the fact
00:45:20.000 --> 00:45:24.999
that it has taken to the year 2000, 2001
00:45:25.000 --> 00:45:29.999
for the pharmaceutical
industry to embrace what could
00:45:30.000 --> 00:45:34.999
have been recognized as inevitable to begin
with is one of the great missed opportunities
00:45:35.000 --> 00:45:39.999
and I think in many
respects kind of validates
00:45:40.000 --> 00:45:44.999
the... the general popular perception
of the industry as a whipping boy.
00:45:45.000 --> 00:45:49.999
Drug prices have fallen and
00:45:50.000 --> 00:45:54.999
the question being asked now as how the treatments
can be made available in the South if at all.
00:45:55.000 --> 00:45:59.999
UN Secretary General Kofi Annan takes the unusual
step of addressing World Health Ministers
00:46:00.000 --> 00:46:04.999
in Geneva. UNAIDS has calculated
00:46:05.000 --> 00:46:09.999
that total spending on AIDS prevention
and care in lower and middle
00:46:10.000 --> 00:46:14.999
income countries needs to rise to
something between 7 to 10 billion
00:46:15.000 --> 00:46:19.999
dollars a year. That is at
least five times the amount
00:46:20.000 --> 00:46:24.999
that citizens, national governments and
international donors are currently
00:46:25.000 --> 00:46:29.999
spending. I have called for a
Global AIDS and Health Fund
00:46:30.000 --> 00:46:34.999
to be established as a mechanism
for mobilizing this extra money.
00:46:35.000 --> 00:46:39.999
When we talk about the creation
of a global fund, it\'s not going
00:46:40.000 --> 00:46:44.999
to be enough to make a one-time
contribution, the developing world needs
00:46:45.000 --> 00:46:49.999
every single year 7 to 10 billion dollars.
And if we are not doing a good
00:46:50.000 --> 00:46:54.999
job in terms of prevention, the
bill will go up, well beyond
00:46:55.000 --> 00:46:59.999
10 billion dollars in five years
or in 10 years from now. I\'d
00:47:00.000 --> 00:47:04.999
like to speak as a mother, a
grandmother of two beautiful
00:47:05.000 --> 00:47:09.999
boys, I would like to speak as a woman,
00:47:10.000 --> 00:47:14.999
who has loved, has cared but has
00:47:15.000 --> 00:47:19.999
lost hundreds of people
to this global pandemic.
00:47:20.000 --> 00:47:24.999
I have four siblings who are HIV positive,
00:47:25.000 --> 00:47:29.999
back in my own country.
Their spouses are positive
00:47:30.000 --> 00:47:34.999
and among them we have four
children who are positive. Now,
00:47:35.000 --> 00:47:39.999
even with my salary working
with UN AIDS, I could not even
00:47:40.000 --> 00:47:44.999
begin to discuss who and
which member of my family
00:47:45.000 --> 00:47:49.999
can I start supporting on
antiretroviral therapy.
00:47:50.000 --> 00:47:54.999
[sil.]
00:47:55.000 --> 00:47:59.999
All of these kids, one,
00:48:00.000 --> 00:48:04.999
two, three, four, five, six, seven,
00:48:05.000 --> 00:48:09.999
eight, those are from my... my
00:48:10.000 --> 00:48:14.999
late brother who died last year.
The others are from my late sister
00:48:15.000 --> 00:48:19.999
who died two years ago. I was one of the people and I
still I am one of the... that are very excited about
00:48:20.000 --> 00:48:24.999
the recent events in the reduction
of prices of antiretroviral therapy,
00:48:25.000 --> 00:48:29.999
and my family should have been one of the
families to benefit but if that means
00:48:30.000 --> 00:48:34.999
that all the cost for that
would fall in my head, as well
00:48:35.000 --> 00:48:39.999
as the cost of those children to go to
school, as well as the cost of nutrition,
00:48:40.000 --> 00:48:44.999
then the choices are made for me and I
have no choice with regard to putting my
00:48:45.000 --> 00:48:49.999
family on anti-retroviral therapy.
I can\'t afford it.
00:48:50.000 --> 00:48:54.999
As world leaders gather to discuss
the Global Fund, we could believe
00:48:55.000 --> 00:48:59.999
that this time there really will be action.
But before getting down to the essential
00:49:00.000 --> 00:49:04.999
business of finding ways to save tens
of millions of lives, time and money is
00:49:05.000 --> 00:49:09.999
spent on inconsequent matters like whether certain
minority groups have even the right to participate
00:49:10.000 --> 00:49:14.999
in discussions. 26 L1 proposes that
00:49:15.000 --> 00:49:19.999
the list of participants for round table two,
the round table on human rights, include
00:49:20.000 --> 00:49:24.999
the name of Karyn Kaplan
of the International Gay
00:49:25.000 --> 00:49:29.999
and Lesbian Human Rights Commission.
But following the
00:49:30.000 --> 00:49:34.999
receipt of objections from 11 unspecified
countries, it had been removed
00:49:35.000 --> 00:49:39.999
from the list which has been contained in
conference room paper six. Mr. President,
00:49:40.000 --> 00:49:44.999
I\'m proposing on behalf of the
organization of Islamic countries,
00:49:45.000 --> 00:49:49.999
56 countries to have
00:49:50.000 --> 00:49:54.999
no acts or motion on this amendment.
00:49:55.000 --> 00:50:03.000
[non-English narration]
00:50:15.000 --> 00:50:19.999
It depresses me
00:50:20.000 --> 00:50:24.999
and more angers me deeply
when frankly battles
00:50:25.000 --> 00:50:29.999
that we thought we won 15 years ago or ten years
ago are being fought again, the fact that
00:50:30.000 --> 00:50:34.999
20 years... a lost generation into the
epidemic, there are people in that room
00:50:35.000 --> 00:50:39.999
who are arguing about whether it’s
pornographic to say men who have sex
00:50:40.000 --> 00:50:44.999
with men or injection drug users.
00:50:45.000 --> 00:50:53.000
[sil.]
00:50:55.000 --> 00:50:59.999
While on the streets,
activists demand more funds
00:51:00.000 --> 00:51:04.999
and action, inside the UN chamber, debate
about the Fund rapidly bogs down in
00:51:05.000 --> 00:51:09.999
dispute. Will the money be used for treatment or
prevention? Will the fund be used just for HIV
00:51:10.000 --> 00:51:14.999
AIDS or for the full range
of Southern health problems?
00:51:15.000 --> 00:51:23.000
[non-English narration]
00:51:40.000 --> 00:51:44.999
When you think about the fact that by
the year 2010, there will be 40 million
00:51:45.000 --> 00:51:49.999
orphans in Sub-Saharan Africa alone
and that, that is the equivalent
00:51:50.000 --> 00:51:54.999
of all of the kids in
public education in America
00:51:55.000 --> 00:51:59.999
just ought of make everyone
00:52:00.000 --> 00:52:04.999
shudder. I mean what would we think if
every American child was an orphan,
00:52:05.000 --> 00:52:09.999
the world would be responding with billions
of dollars and would be responding
00:52:10.000 --> 00:52:14.999
as if the world was under public attack.
00:52:15.000 --> 00:52:23.000
[non-English narration]
00:52:40.000 --> 00:52:44.999
At the end
00:52:45.000 --> 00:52:49.999
of 2001, some 30 million people will have
died since the beginning of this epidemic,
00:52:50.000 --> 00:52:54.999
already 6,000 deaths a day and rising.
It\'s not as if some people haven\'t
00:52:55.000 --> 00:52:59.999
tried to act, but age remains a metaphor
for almost every human failing.
00:53:00.000 --> 00:53:04.999
The powers that be in the world, those with the
purstrings continue to profess little more than lip
00:53:05.000 --> 00:53:09.999
service. Six months after the Global
Fund was first announced, only
00:53:10.000 --> 00:53:14.999
1.2 billion of the estimated $10
billion needed has been promised.
00:53:15.000 --> 00:53:19.999
The bottom line remains that this epidemic has
from the very start been a catastrophe foretold.
00:53:20.000 --> 00:53:24.999
Some one who is representing the bank
00:53:25.000 --> 00:53:29.999
had the guts to tell us
that there\'s no money
00:53:30.000 --> 00:53:34.999
and therefore what we
need to do is to try and
00:53:35.000 --> 00:53:39.999
allow people to understand that
they can only be treated for
00:53:40.000 --> 00:53:44.999
opportunistic infections, and that we
should have religious leaders to help them
00:53:45.000 --> 00:53:49.999
spiritually, so that when
they die, they die...
00:53:50.000 --> 00:53:54.999
You know, they die with dignity. What is dying with
dignity? Why do you train me to die with dignity
00:53:55.000 --> 00:53:59.999
when actually I should not die? [sil.]
00:54:00.000 --> 00:54:04.999
It is tough, it\'s sharing
00:54:05.000 --> 00:54:09.999
the burden, it\'s people caring for
their own and finding love and
00:54:10.000 --> 00:54:14.999
surviving and believing in the future
even when we are hurting more than we
00:54:15.000 --> 00:54:19.999
have ever hurt before, the AIDS
00:54:20.000 --> 00:54:24.999
epidemic will end. And when
it does, it is important to
00:54:25.000 --> 00:54:29.999
know that some of us dare to
care in the face of it, some
00:54:30.000 --> 00:54:34.999
of us dare to fight because of
it, and some of us dare to love
00:54:35.000 --> 00:54:39.999
in spite of it.
00:54:40.000 --> 00:54:48.000
[music]