Life 6 - The Pied Piper of Eyasi
- Description
- Reviews
- Citation
- Cataloging
- Transcript
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The Hadza are one of the very last tribes of hunter-gatherers on earth and their lifestyle may soon be over because of the pressures of globalization. Traditionally, they hunt game with bows and poisoned arrows and gather fruits and wild honey in the strikingly beautiful area around Lake Eyasi in Tanzania. Recently they have been increasingly threatened by neighboring tribes, scarcity of wild game, and polluted water. What's more, tourism has given the Hadza access to easy money, and to illegal local moonshine, which can be lethal.
For 70 years the Tanzanian government has tried to force the Hadza to integrate into mainstream society. Now tribesmen are being arrested and jailed for poaching on land coveted by rich hunting businesses. And last year they came closer to being evicted from their homeland altogether. It was almost sold to the Abu Dhabi royal family as a hunting estate. The Hadza are quickly realizing that their former philosophy of non-confrontation will not protect them any longer, and that they must fight back to protect their development. The Hadza have no traditional sense of hierarchy, and no leaders. But now they believe they must find a voice to make themselves heard.
Meet Baallow, a young Hadza hunter who is championing the Hadza cause. Baallow was one of a number of Hadza men who were arrested by the Tanzanian government over the Arab hunting deal. Like other young Hadza, Baallow is torn between two competing worlds. But few Hadza are as strong as Baallow, and most are finding it hard to resist the lure of money, alcohol, illicit sex - the attractions of modern Tanzania.
Life follow Baallow as he expertly negotiates the wild: tracking, hunting, killing and eating his wild prey, and as he dips in and out of the modern world of bars, markets, labor with tourists/tour operators, and encounters with other tribes. How will he unite fiercely independent people to a common cause when each has an opinion on how to best lead their lives?
'One of the world's last remaining tribes of hunter-gatherers faces a major dilemma, either to preserve its ancient lifeways or to embrace modernization. Both courses are filled with promise, and each contains the potential to destroy Tanzania's Hadza culture.' Dr. Timothy McGettigan, Professor of Sociology, Colorado State University, Pueblo
'The Pied Piper of Eyasi, another fine addition to the Life video series, is a good illustration of and contribution to the anthropological appreciation of the 'changing native'...Suitable for high school and lower-division college courses in cultural anthropology, development anthropology, African studies, foraging/hunter-gatherer cultures, and globalization, as well as for public audiences.' Jack David Eller, Metropolitan State College, Anthropology Reviews Online
'Life 6 is a wonderfully educational series that presents the viewers with the dilemmas faced by specific individuals in the socio-historical and economic context of their communities in the midst of an increasingly globalized world. The tremendous value of this series is that, in the brief thirty minutes that each episode lasts, it captures the complexities of the lives of those in it as they face Western influence that force them to reassert, defend, or challenge their local and/or individual identities, cultures, governance, wealth distribution, and practices of achieving justice and reconciliation--to name a few...Life 6 represents these issues in an objective and analytical way that will--without question--lead into a discussion and debate about them by academics and lay audiences alike.' Aniuska Luna, African Peace and Conflict Network
Citation
Main credits
Cassini, Stefano (film director)
Gabbay, Alex (film producer)
Gabbay, Alex (director of photography)
Gabbay, Alex (editor of moving image work)
Bradshaw, Steve (host)
Bradshaw, Steve (editor of moving image work)
Other credits
Music, Olith Ratego, Samba Mapangala, Orchestre Virunga; cinematography and editing, Alex Gabbay; series editor, Steve Bradshaw.
Distributor subjects
African Studies; Anthropology; Consumerism; Developing World; Environment; Environment; Geography; Globalization; Health; Human Rights; Humanities; Indigenous Peoples; Millennium Development Goals; Pollution; Social Justice; Sociology; United Nations; Water; Women's StudiesKeywords
WEBVTT
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[sil.]
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Globalization is making the
rich world even richer,
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but billions are locked out. They\'re living on
the edge between the rich world and the poor.
00:00:15.000 --> 00:00:19.999
They face tough choices, if
they want to join the party.
00:00:20.000 --> 00:00:24.999
There\'re still some remote communities who
haven\'t yet decided to join the party,
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globalization passing them by. So, when they
have a chance to join the modern world,
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they have some hard thinking to do. There\'s
one tribe in Africa thus finding out.
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[music]
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[music]
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Modern Tanzania fast developing, politically
stable and hungry for progress.
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All Tanzanians want change or do they.
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For the Hadza tribe it\'s a dilemma.
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Living in the wilderness of the
Yaeda valley around Lake Eyasi,
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the Hadza are one of the last tribes
of hunter-gatherers in Africa.
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For years, they have existed in isolation,
surviving on meat, honey and roots.
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They live without hierarchy, have few
possessions, and share whatever they have.
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(inaudible) life perhaps. The
Hadza have constantly resisted
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the government\'s attempts to
integrate them into modern Tanzania.
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Today, the outside world is fast encroaching,
wildlife is depleted and their way of life
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is becoming unsustainable. So,
what will the Hadza decide.
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Hello, uh… good.
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There is one man, who believes the Hadza should
follow where the rest of the world has lead.
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Meet Baallow.
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Even white people were once
like the Hadza, they\'re hunters
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and now they have everything, white people.
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Today, Baallow is in
(inaudible) a thriving city.
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He wants to convince his tribe to join in.
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[non-English narration]
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Our life here and I\'m not talking about the
Hadza only, but of the Africans in general.
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It\'s very different to the life of the
Europeans because they saw ahead first.
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Maybe it is a just a blessing,
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maybe god like them better. You see,
they\'ve made planes that go to the moon.
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They\'ve almost reached the sun and thus we still
don\'t know how to make a (inaudible) in Tanzania.
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[sil.]
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Baallow doesn\'t own a car or a spaceship.
He relies on his old Honda.
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Today, he is kitting up for
a journey back to the bush.
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Baallow is one of the few educated Hadza.
He sees himself as a leader.
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He wants the Hadza to seize
the chance of education
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(inaudible) their land rights
and think about tomorrow.
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[sil.]
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It is very hard the way the world
is today, the way it is changing.
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The way our country, Tanzania is changing
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for our community to
grasp what is happening.
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Why, First because they\'re not educated.
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[non-English narration]
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They have an understanding of the community but not
of the world and that is why it is so difficult.
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[non-English narration]
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How can we understand what the government
says, what the government wants.
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[non-English narration]
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It is difficult for them to communicate
with the government without education.
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[sil.]
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It\'s difficult for the Hadza to communicate
with anyone. It will take Baallow several days
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to reach the more remote settlements.
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He will need a full tank and more.
His dry bush land home stretches
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over 12,000 square kilometers, its
60 kilometers south of Tanzania\'s
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famous Serengeti National Park
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and so on the road through
the morning mist.
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[music]
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This is Hadza land, Baallow
has fought successfully
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to get the Hadza\'s rights recognized.
Now, he just leads the paperwork.
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Land rights would give the Hadza the chance
to keep others of their hunting land.
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His mission now to get his own
people to take land right seriously.
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[music]
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Baallow\'s journey takes him
to Yaeda in Hadza territory.
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From there he will travel to the Hadza village
of Mongo Wa Mono. Then through the Yaida valley,
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until he reaches (inaudible) camp
at Sengere in the Hadza heartland.
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His final stop will be Mangola on
the northern tip of Lake Eyasi.
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Baallow\'s first stop Yaeda.
He has a wife and kids here
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as well as his other family in town.
Most Hadza don\'t have any jobs.
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Baallow has two. He works
for the government
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as a community development officer
and he campaigns for Hadza rights
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through a local NGO.
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[non-English narration]
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Next stop, Mongo Wa Nono.
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The Hadza are nomadic, but some
settled here a few years back
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and returned for government help.
Settling down has not been easy.
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These Hadza have given up their carefree
way of life. Now, they\'re dependent
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on handouts from NGOs, tourists,
the church, and government.
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But they also established
local democracy of a sort,
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group meetings, electing representatives,
dealing with neighboring tribes.
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[non-English narration]
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Today, they\'re here to listen to Baallow.
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He wants some to go a step further and
in force their hard one land rights.
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Remember once we\'re nomadic,
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but now we are settled.
Hunters have given us funds.
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We should use them wisely
to protect our land.
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We\'re welcoming people from
other tribe yet they deceive us
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and sell our land
especially at (inaudible).
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If we\'re not care full, our
children will have nothing.
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The other problem is that (inaudible) come
from elsewhere and kill all our animals.
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[non-English narration]
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(inaudible)the Hadza understand,
but what about development
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due the Hadza buy it. Moi is
the village sub-chairman,
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he hasn\'t minded settling down so far.
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Yes, we can survive.
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We can manage. Because these
days, we\'ve learnt to farm
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and we get a bit of food to live on.
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The old ways had become unsustainable.
00:09:05.000 --> 00:09:09.999
Moi\'s ancestors\' hunted elephants.
Now, he can\'t even find a baboon.
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So he buys bits of meat
and some maize flour.
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Otherwise its roots, berries,
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a little they can farm. Moi recognizes
the Hadza need to modernize.
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[non-English narration]
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At least the children get educated now,
so that one day we can lead ourselves
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instead of other tribes leading us.
Because you know,
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without taking the children to
school, the other tribes cheat us.
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We must take our children to school,
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so that they can continue what we left.
00:10:00.000 --> 00:10:04.999
[non-English narration]
00:10:05.000 --> 00:10:09.999
The government thought us the laws and now we are trying
to get land back by following those government landlords.
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How else are we going to protect our land?
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And it\'s not just local tribes.
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Recently a Middle Eastern royal family wanted to
buy hunting rights to a third of the Hadza area.
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Baallow\'s vigorous protests landed him in jail,
though his case has yet to come to trial.
00:10:30.000 --> 00:10:34.999
These elders understand
the need for land rights
00:10:35.000 --> 00:10:39.999
and change it\'s a matter of survival. For the
next settlement it may be a hard to sell.
00:10:40.000 --> 00:10:44.999
[music]
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Five hours ride north, the
more remote (inaudible) camp,
00:10:50.000 --> 00:10:54.999
wildlife, berries, and
roots are still plentiful.
00:10:55.000 --> 00:10:59.999
This is the land that Baallow loves.
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He has caught in the edge just like the
other Hadza. The city pulls one way,
00:11:05.000 --> 00:11:09.999
the land another.
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For me, the land is my mother,
00:11:15.000 --> 00:11:19.999
the one who brought me up.
It is the need I have,
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just as you need something
you use everyday.
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The land will feed me. Protect
me, until I grow old.
00:11:30.000 --> 00:11:34.999
That is the meaning of land for me.
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[sil.]
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I\'m a Hadza. I know I\'m a Hadza.
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Wearing trousers doesn\'t stop me
being a Hadza. I can drive a car
00:12:15.000 --> 00:12:19.999
but that doesn\'t make me a white person.
00:12:20.000 --> 00:12:24.999
Even if you put me in a pot
and you cook me for hours,
00:12:25.000 --> 00:12:29.999
I\'m still a Hadza and can\'t change.
00:12:30.000 --> 00:12:38.000
[music]
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I\'m a hunter,
00:12:45.000 --> 00:12:49.999
I\'m a strong hunter, a proud one.
00:12:50.000 --> 00:12:54.999
That is one side of me.
00:12:55.000 --> 00:12:59.999
But I have also studied.
Even if only a little,
00:13:00.000 --> 00:13:04.999
I got married, I have
children, some are at home,
00:13:05.000 --> 00:13:09.999
and some are in school, and some are
living in the bush still today.
00:13:10.000 --> 00:13:14.999
I have tried to do something for
our people, for my community.
00:13:15.000 --> 00:13:19.999
I have even got into politics, because
in this country everything is politics.
00:13:20.000 --> 00:13:24.999
I tried within my means to make our people
00:13:25.000 --> 00:13:29.999
aware of the need to fight
for our rights to our land.
00:13:30.000 --> 00:13:34.999
It is the only way to make sure that our
people are not pushed around by others.
00:13:35.000 --> 00:13:39.999
Because when you are pushed around by others and have
no leadership of your own, then you become a slave.
00:13:40.000 --> 00:13:44.999
Yes, this tribesman isn\'t (inaudible)
00:13:45.000 --> 00:13:49.999
that rather western role the campaigner.
Today, he has called a meeting
00:13:50.000 --> 00:13:54.999
to explain how new bylaws can protect the
Hadza\'s land. But will they go for it.
00:13:55.000 --> 00:13:59.999
Will they buy the idea of development.
00:14:00.000 --> 00:14:04.999
Our aim here today is to discuss the
issue of land due to lack of education.
00:14:05.000 --> 00:14:09.999
This is the only thing that helps us
protect our land. Without the law,
00:14:10.000 --> 00:14:14.999
we cannot use our land as we wish.
So these are the bylaws
00:14:15.000 --> 00:14:19.999
that help us plan the land use, so
that we can use it freely and be happy
00:14:20.000 --> 00:14:24.999
. The law states that anyone who
wants to enter in our areas
00:14:25.000 --> 00:14:29.999
should follow our regulations and not just
come in. But you keep letting strangers in,
00:14:30.000 --> 00:14:34.999
you can\'t say no, can you.
00:14:35.000 --> 00:14:39.999
[sil.]
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Most agree with protecting land rights but not
everyone is happy with the idea of development.
00:14:45.000 --> 00:14:49.999
For (inaudible) who is twenty and
mother of two is not just the town
00:14:50.000 --> 00:14:54.999
that\'s a step too far, it\'s the village.
00:14:55.000 --> 00:14:59.999
When Baallow comes here, he tells
us about progress and development.
00:15:00.000 --> 00:15:04.999
He encourages us to go to the
village, but I do not want to.
00:15:05.000 --> 00:15:09.999
They are confusing us with lots of talk.
00:15:10.000 --> 00:15:14.999
I don\'t know maybe we should develop.
I do not know
00:15:15.000 --> 00:15:19.999
if I could survive in a town because
I\'m use to life in the bush.
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There\'re no wild fruits
and tubers and no trees.
00:15:25.000 --> 00:15:29.999
Nyoha, the camp elder hears Baallow\'s
message, but doesn\'t totally understand it.
00:15:30.000 --> 00:15:34.999
It\'s very difficult to understand
the issues we hear from Baallow.
00:15:35.000 --> 00:15:39.999
So he keeps telling us, so that
we can standup for our rights.
00:15:40.000 --> 00:15:44.999
He says wakeup your bush people and listen,
00:15:45.000 --> 00:15:49.999
you must know your rights as a human.
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Nyoha\'s son Jackson does want education but
only so the Hadza can stay as hunter-gathers.
00:15:55.000 --> 00:15:59.999
[non-English narration]
00:16:00.000 --> 00:16:04.999
Yes, of course, we would like
to see things to go back
00:16:05.000 --> 00:16:09.999
how it was in the old days.
Because now it is a mess,
00:16:10.000 --> 00:16:14.999
people just take our land without
following any procedure.
00:16:15.000 --> 00:16:19.999
We\'ll die if all the animals
are gone, we\'ll die,
00:16:20.000 --> 00:16:24.999
because our tradition will die and
without tradition the Hadza will be lost
00:16:25.000 --> 00:16:29.999
one after another.
00:16:30.000 --> 00:16:34.999
I think it is very good to live in the
bush, but my children have to go to school
00:16:35.000 --> 00:16:39.999
and get educated, then they can come
back here and teach their father.
00:16:40.000 --> 00:16:44.999
Hopefully for education the
next generation (inaudible)
00:16:45.000 --> 00:16:49.999
recover the animals. There are
two schools in the Hadza area,
00:16:50.000 --> 00:16:54.999
neither has a special curriculum
for the Hadza. Primary school
00:16:55.000 --> 00:16:59.999
is compulsory in Tanzania, but
most Hadza children runaway.
00:17:00.000 --> 00:17:04.999
(inaudible) two daughters are at
boarding school five hours drive away.
00:17:05.000 --> 00:17:09.999
Their parents don\'t mind if they quit,
but the girls want us to get out.
00:17:10.000 --> 00:17:14.999
I won\'t runaway.
00:17:15.000 --> 00:17:19.999
(inaudible) finish school.
00:17:20.000 --> 00:17:24.999
Then, if I pass, I will
go to secondary school.
00:17:25.000 --> 00:17:29.999
[non-English narration]
00:17:30.000 --> 00:17:34.999
I will come back home.
00:17:35.000 --> 00:17:39.999
[sil.]
00:17:40.000 --> 00:17:44.999
Education is very good, because it
will teach you about right and wrong.
00:17:45.000 --> 00:17:49.999
[non-English narration]
00:17:50.000 --> 00:17:54.999
If someone has not studied, he will let himself
be stepped down by those who have studied.
00:17:55.000 --> 00:17:59.999
But if you have an education, you will
not allow anybody to step on you.
00:18:00.000 --> 00:18:04.999
[sil.]
00:18:05.000 --> 00:18:09.999
Education I had is what
made me want to develop.
00:18:10.000 --> 00:18:14.999
Development is not building our house.
00:18:15.000 --> 00:18:19.999
Development is to bring about change,
to bring change and see ahead.
00:18:20.000 --> 00:18:24.999
[non-English narration]
00:18:25.000 --> 00:18:29.999
What is the difference
between me and my community?
00:18:30.000 --> 00:18:34.999
I understand what\'s happening. The only
way they understand is through me,
00:18:35.000 --> 00:18:39.999
through what I tell them.
00:18:40.000 --> 00:18:44.999
I have to tell them what the government
wants only then they can understand.
00:18:45.000 --> 00:18:49.999
Baallow wants to secure land
rights to give the Hadza
00:18:50.000 --> 00:18:54.999
time to develop their own pace. His last
stop shows why that\'s an urgent mission.
00:18:55.000 --> 00:18:59.999
[sil.]
00:19:00.000 --> 00:19:08.000
[music]
00:19:40.000 --> 00:19:44.999
Baallow\'s journey takes him close
00:19:45.000 --> 00:19:49.999
to the northern tip of Lake Eyasi.
He\'s heading for Mangola.
00:19:50.000 --> 00:19:54.999
Mangola is what can happen if the Hadza don\'t have land
rights. Here there are far out member by new settlers,
00:19:55.000 --> 00:19:59.999
they become effectively landless.
00:20:00.000 --> 00:20:04.999
They depend on money from tourists, who come to see one of
the last of the last tribes of hunter-gatherers on earth.
00:20:05.000 --> 00:20:09.999
No there is much left to hunter-gatherers.
Baallow has come to see a famous old hunter
00:20:10.000 --> 00:20:14.999
an important elder, (inaudible), who lives
like a refugee in his tribes ancient lands.
00:20:15.000 --> 00:20:19.999
[non-English narration]
00:20:20.000 --> 00:20:24.999
The problem (inaudible) faces has
to do with land. He has no land.
00:20:25.000 --> 00:20:29.999
These days (inaudible) lives in
between other people\'s houses.
00:20:30.000 --> 00:20:34.999
He is not represented. There is no paper
that says this is (inaudible) land.
00:20:35.000 --> 00:20:39.999
There is a big difference
between the (inaudible)
00:20:40.000 --> 00:20:44.999
and lets says the (inaudible)
very different. Nyoha has land
00:20:45.000 --> 00:20:49.999
and it is his to harvest, but
(inaudible) is in trouble.
00:20:50.000 --> 00:20:54.999
[non-English narration]
00:20:55.000 --> 00:20:59.999
In the olden days here, we use to
hunt buffalo, zebra, and pigs.
00:21:00.000 --> 00:21:04.999
In the olden days before the
other tribes came, we ate meat.
00:21:05.000 --> 00:21:09.999
But today there is nothing in the whole of the
Mangola area. We suffer until hunger squeezes us.
00:21:10.000 --> 00:21:14.999
And suddenly (inaudible) has been told off
00:21:15.000 --> 00:21:19.999
for trespassing on his own ancestral land.
00:21:20.000 --> 00:21:24.999
These people are just going around.
00:21:25.000 --> 00:21:29.999
They want us know who is ruining
the environment of the Hadza.
00:21:30.000 --> 00:21:34.999
They want to know the
bad news for the Hadza.
00:21:35.000 --> 00:21:39.999
Why they don\'t see dik-dik
and other small animals.
00:21:40.000 --> 00:21:44.999
[non-English narration]
00:21:45.000 --> 00:21:49.999
[music]
00:21:50.000 --> 00:21:54.999
These days the animals are gone.
00:21:55.000 --> 00:21:59.999
I get small things like
birds, pigeons, or mice.
00:22:00.000 --> 00:22:04.999
[music]
00:22:05.000 --> 00:22:09.999
I want a house, everything.
I want a place to live.
00:22:10.000 --> 00:22:14.999
I don\'t like to be hungry and see
the (inaudible) of other tribes
00:22:15.000 --> 00:22:19.999
who are ahead of us. (inaudible)
fate shows that doing nothing
00:22:20.000 --> 00:22:24.999
is not an option for the Hadza, they have to
decide whether to join the modern world or not.
00:22:25.000 --> 00:22:29.999
Baallow\'s campaign for land
rights has put them on the road.
00:22:30.000 --> 00:22:34.999
But they have to decide how
far they travel without him.
00:22:35.000 --> 00:22:39.999
Once I get the certificate of land,
00:22:40.000 --> 00:22:44.999
I think I have done enough, the young
ones are here. I have done my part.
00:22:45.000 --> 00:22:49.999
[non-English narration]
00:22:50.000 --> 00:22:54.999
I\'m off. I\'m knockout. There is no more.
00:22:55.000 --> 00:22:59.999
My job is not really my job,
it is the people\'s job,
00:23:00.000 --> 00:23:04.999
I\'m just their leader. My job
is to show them the way,
00:23:05.000 --> 00:23:10.000
but it is their job to travel that road.
