00:00:17.768 --> 00:00:20.687
MAN IN FILM: Well, Doctor,
we know now beyond a doubt

00:00:20.687 --> 00:00:22.981
that our little girl
is mentally retarded,

00:00:22.981 --> 00:00:26.150
but we will have to
live with it somehow.

00:00:26.150 --> 00:00:28.361
DOCTOR IN FILM: Someday,
we may have to see about

00:00:28.361 --> 00:00:29.070
putting her under the care

00:00:29.070 --> 00:00:31.197
of one of the Ontario
Hospital Schools.

00:00:31.197 --> 00:00:35.536
WOMAN IN FILM: You mean,
in an institution?

00:00:35.536 --> 00:00:38.454
[crows cawing]

00:00:42.543 --> 00:00:45.294
WYNNE: I offer an apology
to the men, women,

00:00:45.294 --> 00:00:48.339
and children of Ontario
who were failed

00:00:48.339 --> 00:00:51.927
by a model of
institutional care.

00:00:51.927 --> 00:00:54.888
BRIAN: I cannot believe they
allowed them to do things

00:00:54.888 --> 00:00:58.182
to them kids.
I mean, guys like me.

00:00:59.267 --> 00:01:02.144
BARRI: How long
were you here, Bev?

00:01:02.144 --> 00:01:04.063
BEV: 11 years.

00:01:04.063 --> 00:01:05.899
DEBBIE: Were you scared?

00:01:05.899 --> 00:01:07.859
BEV: Yes, very.

00:01:07.859 --> 00:01:08.735
All day long.

00:01:08.735 --> 00:01:12.531
WYNNE: I am sorry for what you
and your loved ones experienced.

00:01:12.531 --> 00:01:15.951
And for the pain
that you carry to this day.

00:01:15.951 --> 00:01:19.830
MARILYN: Our belief
was that every single person

00:01:19.830 --> 00:01:23.457
was harmed just
by being admitted.

00:01:28.630 --> 00:01:31.424
JIM: There were a lot of people
placed in that institution

00:01:31.424 --> 00:01:34.886
that should never
have been placed in there.

00:01:36.137 --> 00:01:40.601
KATHARINE: The Huronia Centre
was part of a bigger network

00:01:40.601 --> 00:01:45.814
of institutions in Canada,
in the US, in the UK.

00:01:52.278 --> 00:01:55.489
KATE: But what it might have
been like to have been little,

00:01:55.489 --> 00:02:00.119
to have been powerless,
to have your dignity removed...

00:02:00.119 --> 00:02:04.332
How horrifying it was
to live there.

00:02:04.332 --> 00:02:07.794
BRIAN: When harm's done
to you, you don't forget.

00:02:07.794 --> 00:02:11.172
CARRIEANNE: I've seen people
dying there in front of my eyes.

00:02:11.172 --> 00:02:13.759
They don't want
to tell the truth.

00:02:13.759 --> 00:02:17.136
PATRICIA: We were
living in a prison

00:02:17.136 --> 00:02:18.805
with no freedom,

00:02:18.805 --> 00:02:23.602
like inmates,
that go to jail for crimes.

00:02:26.312 --> 00:02:29.691
[crows cawing]

00:03:02.849 --> 00:03:04.768
MARSHALL: Would you like
me here or there?

00:03:04.768 --> 00:03:09.022
BARRI: Well, what's...
Look, this is 220 pages.

00:03:09.022 --> 00:03:11.525
MARSHALL: On Alfred?
BARRI: On Alfred.

00:03:11.525 --> 00:03:12.734
So if we go through...

00:03:12.734 --> 00:03:15.361
So this is Alfred's...

00:03:15.361 --> 00:03:16.988
And that's Louis's.

00:03:16.988 --> 00:03:19.616
MARSHALL: Are father
and mother blood relations?

00:03:19.616 --> 00:03:20.241
No.
[laughs]

00:03:20.241 --> 00:03:23.494
BARRI: Well, they have to ask.
MARSHALL: Yeah.

00:03:23.494 --> 00:03:25.997
BARRI: So, Alfred went in
in 1954.

00:03:25.997 --> 00:03:28.834
MARSHALL: April 13th, 1954,
at 1:30.

00:03:28.834 --> 00:03:31.628
So he went in with one belt,

00:03:31.628 --> 00:03:33.672
three coats, one swimsuit,

00:03:33.672 --> 00:03:36.717
one overshoes,
three pyjamas, one pants.

00:03:36.717 --> 00:03:38.384
BARRI: So, for Louis...

00:03:38.384 --> 00:03:41.555
MARSHALL: Two coats, one cap,
one bathrobe, four pyjamas--

00:03:41.555 --> 00:03:42.973
BARRI: Look at that.
Two snowsuits.

00:03:42.973 --> 00:03:45.559
MARSHALL: Two cotton suits,
one swimsuit.

00:03:45.559 --> 00:03:47.811
BARRI: Can you imagine
packing that bag?

00:03:47.811 --> 00:03:49.395
MARSHALL: He's very helpless.

00:03:49.395 --> 00:03:52.941
Cannot do anything for himself.

00:03:52.941 --> 00:03:53.608
BARRI: Bangs head.

00:03:53.608 --> 00:03:56.235
MARSHALL: He bangs his head
back and forth all the time.

00:03:56.235 --> 00:03:59.781
Difficult for mother
to handle him.

00:03:59.781 --> 00:04:02.491
BARRI: Grossly retarded.

00:04:13.461 --> 00:04:17.298
BARRI: For a long time,
I only knew one family,

00:04:17.298 --> 00:04:21.636
the one I was born into.

00:04:21.636 --> 00:04:25.640
First, there was Marshall.

00:04:25.640 --> 00:04:28.935
Then me.

00:04:28.935 --> 00:04:32.647
And then Eric.

00:04:39.445 --> 00:04:42.490
BARRI: My sister Adele
would visit on weekends.

00:04:42.490 --> 00:04:46.410
She was from our dad Morty's
first marriage.

00:04:48.997 --> 00:04:53.375
BARRI: The family he left
to be with my mother.

00:04:56.838 --> 00:04:58.673
BARRI: Adele had two brothers.

00:04:58.673 --> 00:05:01.425
Alfred, or Alfie,
was the oldest,

00:05:01.425 --> 00:05:04.805
and then
a younger brother, Louis.

00:05:04.805 --> 00:05:08.432
BARRI: So, two half-brothers.

00:05:08.432 --> 00:05:11.937
Both go to the same
place at three years.

00:05:11.937 --> 00:05:13.939
Whose handwriting is that?

00:05:13.939 --> 00:05:17.150
That is Dad's handwriting.
MARSHALL: Yeah.

00:05:17.150 --> 00:05:20.529
BARRI: I first heard about
Alfie and Louis long ago

00:05:20.529 --> 00:05:24.533
in the same terrible year
my mother had a stroke.

00:05:24.533 --> 00:05:26.325
Dad came to me and said,

00:05:26.325 --> 00:05:28.829
"I buried a son today."

00:05:28.829 --> 00:05:31.832
He was referring
to 23-year-old Alfie.

00:05:31.832 --> 00:05:35.001
Like a confession, Dad said,
"Along with Adele,

00:05:35.001 --> 00:05:38.839
"I actually had two sons
from my first marriage."

00:05:38.839 --> 00:05:41.340
MARSHALL: Alfred Cohen,
age...

00:05:41.340 --> 00:05:43.384
five and a half years,
for Alfred.

00:05:43.384 --> 00:05:44.928
And Adele was four and a half,

00:05:44.928 --> 00:05:48.682
and then there's Louis.

00:05:48.682 --> 00:05:50.349
BARRI: Do you remember
your brothers

00:05:50.349 --> 00:05:52.310
in even little bits and pieces?

00:05:52.310 --> 00:05:55.772
ADELE: I remember
going down the stairs,

00:05:55.772 --> 00:05:58.567
and there was
someone down there,

00:05:58.567 --> 00:06:01.402
a child in a walker.

00:06:01.402 --> 00:06:06.448
I just barely
make out that face.

00:06:06.448 --> 00:06:09.578
BARRI: None of us kids
knew Alfie or Louis.

00:06:09.578 --> 00:06:11.246
No one spoke of them.

00:06:11.246 --> 00:06:13.372
At best, there were
only half-truths,

00:06:13.372 --> 00:06:16.042
and a bunch of secrets.

00:06:16.042 --> 00:06:20.379
This film, in part,
is about why.

00:06:20.379 --> 00:06:22.464
MARSHALL: I remember
Adele saying to me,

00:06:22.464 --> 00:06:23.091
"I had two brothers.

00:06:23.091 --> 00:06:26.553
"One of them was away
somewhere, and Louis,

00:06:26.553 --> 00:06:28.972
"he died when he was a baby."

00:06:28.972 --> 00:06:30.389
She talked about
them all the time.

00:06:30.389 --> 00:06:34.561
I didn't understand why one
of her brothers was in a place

00:06:34.561 --> 00:06:38.148
somewhere we never saw.

00:06:38.148 --> 00:06:40.233
BARRI: That place
was an institution,

00:06:40.233 --> 00:06:43.862
ostensibly for intellectually
disabled children,

00:06:43.862 --> 00:06:45.404
like Alfie and Louis.

00:06:45.404 --> 00:06:49.284
Patient files reveal that
in the early and mid-1950s,

00:06:49.284 --> 00:06:53.622
each brother got dropped off
at separate times as toddlers

00:06:53.622 --> 00:06:56.750
to be cared for at
The Ontario Hospital School,

00:06:56.750 --> 00:07:01.922
140 kilometres away
from their home in Toronto.

00:07:01.922 --> 00:07:06.551
That hospital was the oldest
of its kind in Canada,

00:07:06.551 --> 00:07:09.304
and it had a legacy
of ugly names.

00:07:09.304 --> 00:07:13.767
KATHARINE: The first name
was the Orillia Lunatic Asylum

00:07:13.767 --> 00:07:14.935
for Chronic Patients.

00:07:14.935 --> 00:07:19.272
KATHARINE: It became
the Orillia Asylum for Idiots,

00:07:19.272 --> 00:07:22.525
The Hospital for
the Feeble-Minded in 1911,

00:07:22.525 --> 00:07:25.444
The Ontario Hospital School,

00:07:25.444 --> 00:07:26.780
and then in 1974,

00:07:26.780 --> 00:07:30.283
it became the
Huronia Regional Centre.

00:07:30.283 --> 00:07:32.243
Some people simply
couldn't afford

00:07:32.243 --> 00:07:33.828
to keep their children at home,

00:07:33.828 --> 00:07:36.122
whether they
had disability or not.

00:07:36.122 --> 00:07:41.419
Huronia was sometimes used
as a place for immediate care

00:07:41.419 --> 00:07:44.005
that was necessary
because families couldn't

00:07:44.005 --> 00:07:46.716
take care of their children.

00:07:47.926 --> 00:07:50.971
REPORTER: The court approved
a $35 million settlement

00:07:50.971 --> 00:07:55.266
in a class action suit that was
brought by former residents

00:07:55.266 --> 00:07:58.144
of the Huronia Regional Centre.

00:07:58.144 --> 00:08:01.982
BARRI: My sister Adele
called me in late 2013

00:08:01.982 --> 00:08:04.901
to say a class-action
lawsuit against Huronia

00:08:04.901 --> 00:08:08.947
and other hospital schools
in Ontario was in the news.

00:08:08.947 --> 00:08:12.200
The government was being sued
for failing to protect residents

00:08:12.200 --> 00:08:15.494
from grievous harm and neglect.

00:08:16.204 --> 00:08:18.039
It settled without a trial.

00:08:18.039 --> 00:08:20.166
So former residents
and their families

00:08:20.166 --> 00:08:23.503
could now get
their patient records.

00:08:23.503 --> 00:08:26.965
My daughter Ada and I collected
Alfie's and Louis's,

00:08:26.965 --> 00:08:30.135
eager to know something,
anything about them,

00:08:30.135 --> 00:08:33.263
from a tangle of nearly
70-year-old records.

00:08:33.263 --> 00:08:35.974
BARRI: [gasps]
There's a picture.

00:08:35.974 --> 00:08:37.851
ADA COHEN: So that's
what he looked like.

00:08:37.851 --> 00:08:40.645
Look at that.
BARRI: Wow.

00:08:40.645 --> 00:08:44.274
BARRI: So that's when he went in
at three and a half.

00:08:44.274 --> 00:08:47.318
MARSHALL: He wasn't such
a bad looking boy, actually.

00:08:47.318 --> 00:08:49.821
BARRI: He was a sweetie!

00:08:49.821 --> 00:08:51.072
BARRI: Poring over these files,

00:08:51.072 --> 00:08:53.283
we're shocked by
demeaning language,

00:08:53.283 --> 00:08:57.537
and we comb for details
of how they lived, died,

00:08:57.537 --> 00:08:59.289
and where they're buried.

00:08:59.289 --> 00:09:00.623
BARRI: I said,
"Dad, where are they?"

00:09:00.623 --> 00:09:05.962
And he said, "Well, Alfred died,
and he's at Dawes Road Cemetery.

00:09:05.962 --> 00:09:08.590
"And Louis,
he was very, very sick,

00:09:08.590 --> 00:09:11.718
"and he died as a baby,
at home."

00:09:11.718 --> 00:09:13.636
MARSHALL: Yeah,
so he lied to you about that.

00:09:13.636 --> 00:09:15.722
And he didn't also add the word,

00:09:15.722 --> 00:09:18.308
"And he's at Dawes Road, too."

00:09:18.308 --> 00:09:19.934
Did he?

00:09:19.934 --> 00:09:21.186
Right.
BARRI: He never said.

00:09:21.186 --> 00:09:23.480
MARSHALL: And his brother
didn't know where he was buried,

00:09:23.480 --> 00:09:25.356
and Joanie doesn't know
where he was buried.

00:09:25.356 --> 00:09:29.778
His sister, Essie, doesn't
know where he was buried.

00:09:31.404 --> 00:09:34.908
ERIC: When Mom got sick,
Dad became my primary caregiver.

00:09:34.908 --> 00:09:39.120
And so I ended up spending
a lot of time with him.

00:09:39.120 --> 00:09:44.417
I have that memory of
going to this very...

00:09:44.417 --> 00:09:47.170
big place.

00:09:47.170 --> 00:09:48.755
It had a great hall,

00:09:48.755 --> 00:09:52.592
with you know, the old wood.

00:09:52.592 --> 00:09:56.514
And I remember he said
his son was there.

00:09:56.514 --> 00:10:00.600
Maybe this was the time, perhaps
he had to go settle paperwork,

00:10:00.600 --> 00:10:02.185
or I don't know, identify him,

00:10:02.185 --> 00:10:06.022
or arrange a funeral
or something.

00:10:06.022 --> 00:10:07.899
Still, I never knew about Louis.

00:10:07.899 --> 00:10:10.902
MARSHALL: We have documents
of the Statement of Death.

00:10:10.902 --> 00:10:15.533
We have a receipt
signed by the funeral home

00:10:15.533 --> 00:10:17.450
that they picked up the child

00:10:17.450 --> 00:10:20.620
to take him to be
buried in Toronto,

00:10:20.620 --> 00:10:22.163
at Dawes Road Cemetery,

00:10:22.163 --> 00:10:24.958
on the 28th,
which was a Thursday,

00:10:24.958 --> 00:10:27.127
when I looked into it.

00:10:27.127 --> 00:10:28.294
That's where it stops.

00:10:28.294 --> 00:10:32.550
They had no record,
so it's a quandary.

00:10:34.425 --> 00:10:35.468
[turn signal clicking]

00:10:35.468 --> 00:10:39.139
BARRI: It stops at a cemetery
in the east end of Toronto.

00:10:39.139 --> 00:10:41.724
Marshall and I
meet up there one day

00:10:41.724 --> 00:10:43.810
to look for our brothers.

00:10:43.810 --> 00:10:45.812
BARRI: Where are you?

00:10:45.812 --> 00:10:47.647
MARSHALL: I'm...
I'm here!

00:10:47.647 --> 00:10:49.816
I'm at the cemetery.

00:10:49.816 --> 00:10:51.067
BARRI: Oh, there you are.

00:10:51.067 --> 00:10:52.861
Okay, I'm coming.

00:10:55.655 --> 00:10:58.617
BARRI: Our Cohen
grandfather is here.

00:10:58.617 --> 00:11:01.161
MARSHALL: This is for,
uh, Alfie.

00:11:01.161 --> 00:11:02.203
Lot 12.

00:11:02.203 --> 00:11:05.331
MARSHALL: I was with Dad,
and he got a phone call,

00:11:05.331 --> 00:11:09.335
and I watched his face
when he took the phone call,

00:11:09.335 --> 00:11:11.337
and he said,
"My son died."

00:11:11.337 --> 00:11:14.007
MARSHALL: One, two,
three, four, five...

00:11:14.007 --> 00:11:15.466
BARRI: Oh my God!
MARSHALL: ...six, seven.

00:11:15.466 --> 00:11:19.679
MARSHALL: And that's when
he kind of told me about Alfred.

00:11:19.679 --> 00:11:22.390
I think this was
my first funeral.

00:11:22.390 --> 00:11:23.683
I was 16.

00:11:23.683 --> 00:11:26.102
The coffin was four feet long.

00:11:26.102 --> 00:11:28.688
It was very small.

00:11:28.688 --> 00:11:32.192
And I was also told
that the other boy died

00:11:32.192 --> 00:11:36.362
when he was a baby.

00:11:36.362 --> 00:11:37.739
BARRI: The baby is Louis.

00:11:37.739 --> 00:11:42.493
The youngest of the three kids
from Dad's first marriage.

00:11:42.493 --> 00:11:47.081
He's supposed to be here,
but there's no record of him.

00:11:47.081 --> 00:11:52.045
He was only four when he died.

00:11:52.045 --> 00:11:54.047
It's like he never existed.

00:11:54.047 --> 00:11:57.759
A secret,
perhaps sealed by shame.

00:11:57.759 --> 00:12:01.054
And what we all thought
was the truth about our family

00:12:01.054 --> 00:12:02.681
is now cast in doubt,

00:12:02.681 --> 00:12:05.684
and we'll be haunted
until we can piece together

00:12:05.684 --> 00:12:06.768
where Louis is buried,

00:12:06.768 --> 00:12:11.649
and learn more about how
both brothers lived and died.

00:12:14.234 --> 00:12:17.571
BARRI: Their own mother,
Eileen, passed long ago,

00:12:17.571 --> 00:12:19.573
leaving the truth with Dad.

00:12:19.573 --> 00:12:23.868
But he's been gone
over ten years now.

00:12:28.831 --> 00:12:32.043
ERIC: Dad...
What was Dad like?

00:12:32.043 --> 00:12:34.420
Very cynical, sardonic.

00:12:40.760 --> 00:12:42.220
ERIC: Great wit.

00:12:43.429 --> 00:12:44.723
WARREN: I said I'll be here!

00:12:44.723 --> 00:12:46.474
ERIC: An affable curmudgeon.

00:12:46.474 --> 00:12:47.934
BARRI: Goodbye.
MORTY: Bye-bye, Bare!

00:12:47.934 --> 00:12:50.311
ERIC: Heaven forbid you should
have lunch with him one day,

00:12:50.311 --> 00:12:52.855
and I sat in a restaurant,
and he said to the waitress,

00:12:52.855 --> 00:12:55.609
you know, "Taste this coffee."
And she's like,

00:12:55.609 --> 00:12:57.318
"Is there something
wrong with the coffee?"

00:12:57.318 --> 00:12:58.403
And he said,
"Taste the coffee."

00:12:58.403 --> 00:12:59.946
And she said,
"I'll get you another coffee."

00:12:59.946 --> 00:13:02.198
He said, "No, no,
I want you to taste the coffee."

00:13:02.198 --> 00:13:04.367
And she said,
"Okay, where's the spoon?"

00:13:04.367 --> 00:13:06.662
A-ha!

00:13:06.662 --> 00:13:10.123
His main philosophy in life was
"Never reveal your tools."

00:13:10.123 --> 00:13:13.960
So whatever he said,
whatever he told you,

00:13:13.960 --> 00:13:18.423
was something
he wanted to tell you.

00:13:18.423 --> 00:13:19.508
MARSHALL: We knew nothing.

00:13:19.508 --> 00:13:23.679
He did keep it locked up tight.

00:13:23.679 --> 00:13:26.806
BARRI: This is a guy who
couldn't keep a secret. [laughs]

00:13:26.806 --> 00:13:31.603
He was funny,
and he was a gossip,

00:13:31.603 --> 00:13:33.522
and he told
everybody everything.

00:13:33.522 --> 00:13:35.440
There was some boundary issues.

00:13:35.440 --> 00:13:37.651
But this was a secret.

00:13:37.651 --> 00:13:39.235
MARSHALL: I remember asking

00:13:39.235 --> 00:13:40.486
Mom and Dad about it once,

00:13:40.486 --> 00:13:42.322
and they just pooh-poohed it.

00:13:42.322 --> 00:13:43.699
He took it with him.

00:13:43.699 --> 00:13:47.786
He carried it his whole life.

00:13:53.333 --> 00:13:55.711
BARRI: My mother likely
knew something,

00:13:55.711 --> 00:13:56.754
but she's gone too,

00:13:56.754 --> 00:13:58.379
having lived for over 40 years

00:13:58.379 --> 00:14:01.633
with disability
after her stroke.

00:14:01.633 --> 00:14:04.385
NANCY: Stop it.
BARRI: Okay.

00:14:06.513 --> 00:14:08.557
BARRI: My dad's brother,
our Uncle Harvey,

00:14:08.557 --> 00:14:12.603
he's still around,
and they were close.

00:14:12.603 --> 00:14:16.022
MARSHALL: So when the second
boy died, at three or four,

00:14:16.022 --> 00:14:18.149
do you remember a funeral?

00:14:18.149 --> 00:14:20.193
Or do you remember where--
HARVEY: Nothing.

00:14:20.193 --> 00:14:21.194
MARSHALL: Or do you remember

00:14:21.194 --> 00:14:24.197
being around him
when the phone call came?

00:14:26.908 --> 00:14:28.951
Yeah, that was that.

00:14:33.624 --> 00:14:35.416
JOAN: It was an
unhappy situation.

00:14:35.416 --> 00:14:38.378
We used to go there quite often,
and go for supper,

00:14:38.378 --> 00:14:40.547
and, you know,
and the kids were there.

00:14:40.547 --> 00:14:43.007
It was just... so sad.

00:14:44.884 --> 00:14:48.304
JOAN: Alfie wasn't too bad,
but Louis, oh!

00:14:48.304 --> 00:14:53.142
He used to bang his head
against the wall all the time.

00:14:53.142 --> 00:14:54.686
I remember he was sent there--

00:14:54.686 --> 00:14:57.939
like, Harvey told me,
and that was all.

00:14:57.939 --> 00:15:01.777
I didn't know anything else.

00:15:03.403 --> 00:15:06.740
HARVEY: And then we finally
decided to take the kids

00:15:06.740 --> 00:15:10.368
up to this place,
which looked very good,

00:15:10.368 --> 00:15:12.579
and whatever,
we went up to visit;

00:15:12.579 --> 00:15:13.246
everything was good.

00:15:13.246 --> 00:15:16.916
JOAN: They all felt
that it was the best thing.

00:15:16.916 --> 00:15:18.585
That somebody would
take care of them,

00:15:18.585 --> 00:15:22.088
and they can make life
a little easier for them.

00:15:22.088 --> 00:15:25.592
Having kids, they could
be friendly with them,

00:15:25.592 --> 00:15:31.515
and a place where they could go
and just be happy.

00:15:31.515 --> 00:15:33.141
BARRI: This is the 1950s,

00:15:33.141 --> 00:15:36.227
and that promise
was a dream sold hard

00:15:36.227 --> 00:15:38.354
by doctors and authorities

00:15:38.354 --> 00:15:40.940
whom no one questioned.

00:15:41.149 --> 00:15:43.819
MAN: Well, Doctor,
we know now beyond a doubt

00:15:43.819 --> 00:15:45.779
that our little girl
is mentally retarded.

00:15:45.779 --> 00:15:47.739
DOCTOR: Someday we may
have to see about

00:15:47.739 --> 00:15:49.115
putting her under the care

00:15:49.115 --> 00:15:50.992
of one of the Ontario
Hospital Schools.

00:15:50.992 --> 00:15:52.744
WOMAN: You mean
in an institution?

00:15:52.744 --> 00:15:54.580
DOCTOR: I prefer to
think of these places

00:15:54.580 --> 00:15:57.457
as communities where
a child can be happy,

00:15:57.457 --> 00:15:59.918
sometimes very useful.

00:16:04.506 --> 00:16:07.676
MADELINE: There were very
few choices for families

00:16:07.676 --> 00:16:10.303
during that time period.

00:16:10.303 --> 00:16:14.182
Families were under enormous
pressure to institutionalize.

00:16:14.182 --> 00:16:16.810
The doctors were often
just writing in files,

00:16:16.810 --> 00:16:19.813
"Send to institution
immediately."

00:16:19.813 --> 00:16:22.231
Part of the reasoning that
doctors often used was that

00:16:22.231 --> 00:16:25.861
parents would be too absorbed by
the needs of the disabled child,

00:16:25.861 --> 00:16:27.738
and wouldn't be able to
give enough attention

00:16:27.738 --> 00:16:32.116
to the non-disabled siblings,
so they would suffer.

00:16:35.829 --> 00:16:39.541
ADELE: Dad said he was gonna go
up and visit Alfie and I said,

00:16:39.541 --> 00:16:44.462
"Oh, I wanna go."
"Yeah, okay, I'll take you."

00:16:44.462 --> 00:16:47.423
But then later on,
he said no more, like,

00:16:47.423 --> 00:16:50.051
he didn't-- I didn't
ask him anymore.

00:16:50.051 --> 00:16:54.932
He promised me,
but we never got up there.

00:16:54.932 --> 00:16:56.850
MADELINE: The brothers
and sisters of people

00:16:56.850 --> 00:16:59.686
who had been institutionalized,
they spoke to me about

00:16:59.686 --> 00:17:03.774
having to navigate
these family narratives,

00:17:03.774 --> 00:17:06.442
parts of which were
sometimes held in secret,

00:17:06.442 --> 00:17:09.613
and parts of which were not.

00:17:09.613 --> 00:17:12.448
That's an incredible
breakage in trust as well,

00:17:12.448 --> 00:17:16.118
so that when the story
finally is out in the open,

00:17:16.118 --> 00:17:18.454
then there's a sense that,

00:17:18.454 --> 00:17:22.250
"Wow, this was my family,
and I didn't know."

00:17:22.834 --> 00:17:26.379
[wind gusting]

00:17:26.379 --> 00:17:28.549
BARRI: At exactly
the same time in the '50s,

00:17:28.549 --> 00:17:31.300
when Adele lost out
on growing up with,

00:17:31.300 --> 00:17:33.302
and loving,
Alfie and Louis,

00:17:33.302 --> 00:17:38.182
another sibling was deprived of
the chance to love her brother.

00:17:39.643 --> 00:17:42.353
MARILYN: When I was four,

00:17:42.353 --> 00:17:44.022
my brother Robert was born,

00:17:44.022 --> 00:17:46.733
and didn't come home.

00:17:46.733 --> 00:17:47.901
He had Down Syndrome.

00:17:47.901 --> 00:17:51.153
In those days,
there was another word

00:17:51.153 --> 00:17:54.032
that was a pretty ugly word.

00:17:54.032 --> 00:17:58.077
When my mother came in the door
from the hospital,

00:17:58.077 --> 00:18:02.498
I remember asking,
"Where's the baby?"

00:18:02.498 --> 00:18:04.751
And that just
disrupted everything.

00:18:04.751 --> 00:18:06.210
My mother started to cry.

00:18:06.210 --> 00:18:08.630
As a result,
we didn't talk about it,

00:18:08.630 --> 00:18:12.383
and I actually
thought he had died.

00:18:12.383 --> 00:18:15.929
Well, he was three years old
when he was admitted;

00:18:15.929 --> 00:18:20.224
he was eight when he died there.

00:18:20.224 --> 00:18:23.269
The clothes he was
wearing in the casket

00:18:23.269 --> 00:18:27.106
were clothes they had sent
when he was admitted.

00:18:27.106 --> 00:18:31.152
I think if I hadn't seen
Robert's body when I was 13,

00:18:31.152 --> 00:18:36.074
I wouldn't have started
a career around disability.

00:18:36.074 --> 00:18:38.660
Figure out what was happening
with families like mine,

00:18:38.660 --> 00:18:42.371
figuring out what was happening
to brothers like mine,

00:18:42.371 --> 00:18:44.750
and do something about it.

00:18:44.750 --> 00:18:48.962
And then in 1968, I graduated
and went to work at

00:18:48.962 --> 00:18:51.965
Orillia Ontario Hospital School.

00:18:51.965 --> 00:18:55.010
[bell dings]

00:18:55.010 --> 00:18:57.054
["Let Me Call You Sweetheart"
playing]

00:18:57.054 --> 00:19:00.682
MAN IN FILM: Orillia has a nice,
good main street.

00:19:00.682 --> 00:19:02.475
MAN 2 IN FILM:
Typical small town.

00:19:02.475 --> 00:19:06.187
Has one, or two, or three
family-owned companies.

00:19:06.187 --> 00:19:09.148
MAN 3 IN FILM: We find our
biggest competitor

00:19:09.148 --> 00:19:11.568
is the Ontario Hospital.

00:19:11.568 --> 00:19:12.903
Wages, benefits.

00:19:12.903 --> 00:19:16.531
RICHARD: These items here,
this pitcher and this little jug

00:19:16.531 --> 00:19:19.492
or cup,
these were sold as souvenirs

00:19:19.492 --> 00:19:23.162
to people that came to Orillia.

00:19:23.162 --> 00:19:26.667
MARILYN: I remember driving up
to show up for work,

00:19:26.667 --> 00:19:28.543
thinking I was very, very lucky,

00:19:28.543 --> 00:19:30.629
and this was
a great place to work.

00:19:30.629 --> 00:19:34.256
It felt like arriving
to work at General Motors.

00:19:34.256 --> 00:19:38.845
It was designed
by people in power

00:19:38.845 --> 00:19:42.808
for the right reasons.

00:19:42.808 --> 00:19:46.185
The head nurse
and the assistant head nurse

00:19:46.185 --> 00:19:47.395
were very medical model,

00:19:47.395 --> 00:19:51.650
they were starched
white uniforms with caps.

00:19:51.650 --> 00:19:54.318
They terrified me.

00:19:56.613 --> 00:20:01.200
MARILYN: So I was assigned
social worker for Cottage K 3,

00:20:01.200 --> 00:20:05.539
which was all of the girls
who attended school.

00:20:05.539 --> 00:20:09.250
Close to 3,000 people
there at the time.

00:20:09.250 --> 00:20:12.170
MADELINE: Almost from
the very beginning,

00:20:12.170 --> 00:20:15.464
Huronia was always overcrowded.

00:20:15.464 --> 00:20:19.720
The government chose to expand
institutional care in Ontario

00:20:19.720 --> 00:20:20.887
to absorb the overflow.

00:20:20.887 --> 00:20:24.725
MAN IN FILM: To take account
of the number of increasing

00:20:24.725 --> 00:20:28.436
retarded in relation
to our expanding population.

00:20:28.436 --> 00:20:32.231
MADELINE: The Rideau Regional
Centre near Smiths Falls,

00:20:32.231 --> 00:20:35.902
and then the Southwest Regional
Centre, or Cedar Springs,

00:20:35.902 --> 00:20:40.866
which was at the southwest
corner of Ontario.

00:20:40.866 --> 00:20:45.078
But Huronia was
the worst of all of them,

00:20:45.078 --> 00:20:47.831
because Huronia
was notoriously known

00:20:47.831 --> 00:20:50.416
for its terrible conditions.

00:20:50.416 --> 00:20:54.546
BARRI: Over decades, inspection
reports repeatedly warned

00:20:54.546 --> 00:20:56.506
of grave deficiencies.

00:20:56.506 --> 00:20:59.926
They were ignored by government.

00:20:59.926 --> 00:21:03.096
Parents rarely got past
the main admin building

00:21:03.096 --> 00:21:05.515
to inspect anything themselves.

00:21:05.515 --> 00:21:07.517
My father said that
when he'd visit,

00:21:07.517 --> 00:21:09.770
staff would take away
the toys he'd bring,

00:21:09.770 --> 00:21:13.272
telling him there's
no point in visiting.

00:21:13.272 --> 00:21:17.778
Alfie didn't know
or remember me, he'd say.

00:21:17.778 --> 00:21:20.614
One of the first things
I found in my research

00:21:20.614 --> 00:21:23.825
was this extraordinary
exposé from 1960

00:21:23.825 --> 00:21:26.327
by Canada's leading
investigative journalist

00:21:26.327 --> 00:21:28.454
at the time,
Pierre Berton.

00:21:28.454 --> 00:21:30.957
BARRI: He wrote that prisoners
were treated better

00:21:30.957 --> 00:21:34.586
than the institute's children.

00:21:34.586 --> 00:21:39.090
Folks took notice.

00:21:39.090 --> 00:21:40.759
He wasn't aware of abuse.

00:21:40.759 --> 00:21:44.054
Still, the neglect he found
shocked the public.

00:21:44.054 --> 00:21:47.516
And the government,
they churned out a film,

00:21:47.516 --> 00:21:50.519
admitting just enough
to beg for money.

00:21:50.519 --> 00:21:53.897
MAN IN FILM: Every extra dollar
the government spends

00:21:53.897 --> 00:21:56.315
to improve and expand
these facilities

00:21:56.315 --> 00:21:58.860
must come from you in taxes.

00:21:58.860 --> 00:22:01.571
MITCHELL: There was a group
called-- it's a horrible name,

00:22:01.571 --> 00:22:03.824
but they were called
the American Association

00:22:03.824 --> 00:22:05.158
for Mental Deficiency.

00:22:05.158 --> 00:22:07.828
And they were people
who worked in institutions

00:22:07.828 --> 00:22:09.579
and operated institutions.

00:22:09.579 --> 00:22:13.415
And in 1963,
they passed standards.

00:22:13.415 --> 00:22:15.001
They were North America-wide.

00:22:15.001 --> 00:22:17.419
These are like
the bare minimum standards

00:22:17.419 --> 00:22:22.008
for operating
a custodial institution.

00:22:22.008 --> 00:22:25.220
Huronia completely,
you know, failed to comply

00:22:25.220 --> 00:22:28.056
with these standards.

00:22:29.516 --> 00:22:32.143
BARRI: Often this meant
leaving children for hours

00:22:32.143 --> 00:22:35.396
in these cage cribs
that were deemed protective,

00:22:35.396 --> 00:22:39.776
and widely used throughout
all developed nations.

00:22:39.776 --> 00:22:43.362
MARILYN: I don't remember
seeing anybody in a cage crib,

00:22:43.362 --> 00:22:45.031
but they were there.

00:22:45.031 --> 00:22:48.034
I know from my brother
Robert's file

00:22:48.034 --> 00:22:53.039
he was in a crib all the time.

00:22:53.039 --> 00:22:55.374
BARRI: Hidden, confined,
and forgotten,

00:22:55.374 --> 00:22:59.921
it's a recipe for dark,
bad things to happen.

00:23:04.718 --> 00:23:07.345
BARRI: I can't say the deaths
of our brothers were caused

00:23:07.345 --> 00:23:10.557
by overtly bad things,
like abuse.

00:23:10.557 --> 00:23:11.683
And if there was abuse,

00:23:11.683 --> 00:23:14.019
these records
sure won't tell us.

00:23:14.019 --> 00:23:18.148
But with Louis, especially,
Marshall and I come upon details

00:23:18.148 --> 00:23:19.941
of shocking medical neglect,

00:23:19.941 --> 00:23:23.278
terrible for any child
to have endured.

00:23:26.323 --> 00:23:29.701
MARSHALL: Requires
complete nursing care.

00:23:29.701 --> 00:23:30.619
Good-natured.

00:23:30.619 --> 00:23:32.871
Has been in good health.

00:23:32.871 --> 00:23:34.164
That's what kills me.

00:23:34.164 --> 00:23:36.374
He came in perfectly healthy.

00:23:36.374 --> 00:23:40.295
They found this Shigella sonnei,
which is an infection.

00:23:40.295 --> 00:23:42.923
He kept getting it
because they didn't treat it

00:23:42.923 --> 00:23:44.007
properly, supposedly.

00:23:44.007 --> 00:23:45.342
BARRI: Look at that.
Then he dies.

00:23:45.342 --> 00:23:46.259
MARSHALL: I know he got mumps.

00:23:46.259 --> 00:23:51.848
BARRI: In 1973, eldest brother
Alfie was found dead in his bed.

00:23:51.848 --> 00:23:53.516
He was 23.

00:23:53.516 --> 00:23:56.811
The only noted issue
was epilepsy.

00:23:56.811 --> 00:23:58.813
But like Marilyn's
brother, Robert,

00:23:58.813 --> 00:24:01.566
infections
overtook little Louis,

00:24:01.566 --> 00:24:03.276
and with him, it was fast.

00:24:03.276 --> 00:24:08.031
Within 18 months of his arrival,
he died, at four,

00:24:08.031 --> 00:24:10.449
in his crib,
and it was a cage.

00:24:10.449 --> 00:24:12.702
MARSHALL: They murdered him,
in my opinion.

00:24:12.702 --> 00:24:14.579
The Ontario Hospital Schools.

00:24:14.579 --> 00:24:15.622
You don't let a kid die.

00:24:15.622 --> 00:24:17.624
You're supposed to
take care of them.

00:24:17.624 --> 00:24:19.751
BARRI: Louis was known
by the institution

00:24:19.751 --> 00:24:23.129
as Patient Number 10,688.

00:24:23.129 --> 00:24:25.840
He died March 26th, 1957,

00:24:25.840 --> 00:24:28.301
a year that saw
the highest mortality rate

00:24:28.301 --> 00:24:30.845
at the institution in 50 years.

00:24:30.845 --> 00:24:35.392
If any report questioned why,
it wasn't made public.

00:24:35.809 --> 00:24:38.895
MARSHALL: There's pictures
of Dad holding me as a baby

00:24:38.895 --> 00:24:41.815
when I'm, it looks like
three, four, five months old,

00:24:41.815 --> 00:24:46.987
while Louis is dying
in Ontario Hospital Schools.

00:24:46.987 --> 00:24:48.321
Did he know?

00:24:48.321 --> 00:24:51.992
BARRI: I'm trying to imagine
what was in his head.

00:24:51.992 --> 00:24:56.538
BARRI: We now know that Dad
consented to an autopsy.

00:24:56.538 --> 00:24:58.289
Pelvic thrombosis.

00:24:58.289 --> 00:24:59.666
Blood clots, it said.

00:24:59.666 --> 00:25:01.835
His mumps clearly untreated.

00:25:01.835 --> 00:25:06.631
Then Louis was buried
somewhere in an unmarked grave.

00:25:13.013 --> 00:25:15.181
ADELE: Get into your right lane.

00:25:15.181 --> 00:25:17.726
BARRI: Okay,
so it's gonna be the...

00:25:17.726 --> 00:25:19.227
BARRI: In 2014,

00:25:19.227 --> 00:25:22.188
the chance came for Adele
and me to visit Huronia

00:25:22.188 --> 00:25:27.694
to learn more about
how Alfie and Louis lived.

00:25:27.694 --> 00:25:29.946
The government
allowed tours of the place

00:25:29.946 --> 00:25:31.406
after it settled out of court

00:25:31.406 --> 00:25:34.492
that 2013 landmark
class action suit

00:25:34.492 --> 00:25:38.663
for failing to protect residents
from systemic physical,

00:25:38.663 --> 00:25:42.167
sexual, and emotional abuse.

00:25:44.586 --> 00:25:47.422
The tours were to help
survivors and families

00:25:47.422 --> 00:25:48.590
jog painful memories,

00:25:48.590 --> 00:25:53.512
so that accurate compensation
claims could be made.

00:25:55.555 --> 00:25:58.224
These buildings,
and similar institutions,

00:25:58.224 --> 00:26:01.394
closed for good in 2009.

00:26:01.394 --> 00:26:02.896
And then in 2010,

00:26:02.896 --> 00:26:07.067
two former residents
launched the class action.

00:26:07.067 --> 00:26:09.944
MARIE: They put some
people in straightjackets.

00:26:09.944 --> 00:26:12.655
[indistinct]

00:26:13.406 --> 00:26:17.577
PATRICIA: It's okay, Marie.
MARIE: They drugged you up.

00:26:17.577 --> 00:26:18.620
They drugged you up.

00:26:18.620 --> 00:26:21.831
REPORTER: Patricia Seth,
one of the two main plaintiffs,

00:26:21.831 --> 00:26:23.458
lived there for 15 years.

00:26:23.458 --> 00:26:26.669
Marie Slark helped launch
the class action suit.

00:26:26.669 --> 00:26:29.297
MARIE: My name is Marie Slark.

00:26:29.297 --> 00:26:31.424
I went into HRC

00:26:31.424 --> 00:26:35.178
at the age of around
seven and a half.

00:26:35.178 --> 00:26:36.763
PATRICIA: My name
is Patricia Seth,

00:26:36.763 --> 00:26:40.559
and I used to live
at the Huronia Regional Centre

00:26:40.559 --> 00:26:44.604
from 1965 to 1979.

00:26:44.604 --> 00:26:49.984
Marie Slark and I started to
be part of a class action suit,

00:26:49.984 --> 00:26:55.281
along with the assistance
of Marilyn and Jim Dolmage.

00:26:55.281 --> 00:26:58.868
The reason why we wanted
the class action suit,

00:26:58.868 --> 00:27:03.039
to stop institutions
from being built

00:27:03.039 --> 00:27:07.210
out of sight, out of mind.

00:27:07.210 --> 00:27:10.046
HARPER: Mr. Speaker, I stand
before you today to offer

00:27:10.046 --> 00:27:14.634
an apology to former students
of Indian residential schools.

00:27:14.634 --> 00:27:18.179
MARILYN: When we heard about
the Indian residential schools

00:27:18.179 --> 00:27:20.098
class action,
I certainly felt

00:27:20.098 --> 00:27:22.976
we want that
for these people, too.

00:27:22.976 --> 00:27:25.478
JIM: We got in touch
with a legal firm in Toronto

00:27:25.478 --> 00:27:26.396
called Koskie Minsky.

00:27:26.396 --> 00:27:29.649
Kirk Baert, who had been
involved with the residential

00:27:29.649 --> 00:27:31.943
schools class action lawsuit.

00:27:31.943 --> 00:27:34.863
MARIE: Just help make it
not happen again.

00:27:34.863 --> 00:27:36.865
And I want justice.

00:27:36.865 --> 00:27:38.908
JIM: There were
other plaintiffs,

00:27:38.908 --> 00:27:42.704
roughly forty-three, forty-four
hundred folks who were

00:27:42.704 --> 00:27:44.831
from '45 till 2009.

00:27:44.831 --> 00:27:48.001
MARIE: Oh, I was glad we were
able to take them to court.

00:27:48.001 --> 00:27:50.128
It meant that
we were being believed.

00:27:50.128 --> 00:27:53.632
REPORTER: That class action
lawsuit was supposed to begin

00:27:53.632 --> 00:27:54.424
in court today.

00:27:54.424 --> 00:27:56.009
But in a surprise
move this morning,

00:27:56.009 --> 00:27:58.094
the Ontario government
announced a settlement.

00:27:58.094 --> 00:28:00.889
REPORTER 2: The settlement
means there will be no trial,

00:28:00.889 --> 00:28:02.807
no public airing of the abuse

00:28:02.807 --> 00:28:04.726
and how it was
allowed to continue.

00:28:04.726 --> 00:28:08.855
PATRICIA: And boy,
did it ever make me angry.

00:28:08.855 --> 00:28:12.442
JIM: More than 90% of
class action lawsuits

00:28:12.442 --> 00:28:14.819
never go to court.

00:28:14.819 --> 00:28:17.864
MARILYN: I think we would have
exposed the systemic harm

00:28:17.864 --> 00:28:19.533
at the top levels
of the government,

00:28:19.533 --> 00:28:23.621
which is what Walter Williston
reported on in 1971.

00:28:23.621 --> 00:28:26.582
All those years
from 1971 to 2009,

00:28:26.582 --> 00:28:30.210
the government had been told
to close the place, it's a mess.

00:28:30.210 --> 00:28:32.879
BERT: Government policy,
and certainly my policy,

00:28:32.879 --> 00:28:35.549
is to move as fast
as we possibly can

00:28:35.549 --> 00:28:38.051
away from large
institutions at all.

00:28:38.051 --> 00:28:41.262
DR. PRICHARD: Our behaviour
towards our underprivileged,

00:28:41.262 --> 00:28:42.764
particularly
the retarded people,

00:28:42.764 --> 00:28:44.390
has been rather disgraceful.

00:28:44.390 --> 00:28:47.727
ROSS: The government has to stop
dumping mentally retarded people

00:28:47.727 --> 00:28:49.395
into homes for special care.

00:28:49.395 --> 00:28:52.065
REPORTER: If approved,
the province will pay out

00:28:52.065 --> 00:28:53.358
$35 million.

00:28:53.358 --> 00:28:54.901
MARIE: With the
class action lawsuit,

00:28:54.901 --> 00:28:58.905
I hoped that the staff would get
punished and thrown in jail,

00:28:58.905 --> 00:29:01.700
and that we'd get a lot of money

00:29:01.700 --> 00:29:04.160
for the neglect and abuse.

00:29:04.160 --> 00:29:08.164
Well, it went from $2 billion
down to $35 million,

00:29:08.164 --> 00:29:10.833
and the lawyers got part--
almost half of it.

00:29:10.833 --> 00:29:15.463
PATRICIA: We were supposed
to be suing for neglect

00:29:15.463 --> 00:29:20.260
as well as sexual abuse
and physical abuse.

00:29:20.260 --> 00:29:22.762
JIM: Unfortunately,
in the settlement,

00:29:22.762 --> 00:29:25.431
neglect was completely removed

00:29:25.431 --> 00:29:27.392
from people's claims.

00:29:27.392 --> 00:29:30.395
It didn't matter whether
you were raped once,

00:29:30.395 --> 00:29:34.774
or whether you were raped
multiple times for 20 years.

00:29:34.774 --> 00:29:37.026
The settlement was the same.

00:29:37.026 --> 00:29:42.031
MARIE: The people who
couldn't speak for themselves

00:29:42.031 --> 00:29:43.617
only got $2,000.

00:29:43.617 --> 00:29:48.664
The most you could get
was $42,000.

00:29:48.664 --> 00:29:50.541
BARRI: My sister, Adele,
couldn't make a claim

00:29:50.541 --> 00:29:54.127
for our brothers,
because they died so long ago.

00:29:54.127 --> 00:29:55.295
Even if they were alive,

00:29:55.295 --> 00:29:57.506
they'd get the lowest
claim amounts,

00:29:57.506 --> 00:29:58.716
because they were non-verbal,

00:29:58.716 --> 00:30:02.468
and couldn't speak
about their experiences.

00:30:02.468 --> 00:30:06.515
MARILYN: Even people that had
limbs broken, or lost an eye,

00:30:06.515 --> 00:30:10.226
or whatever,
had horrible burns,

00:30:10.226 --> 00:30:14.648
would have to say
that someone did it to them.

00:30:14.648 --> 00:30:17.942
[crows cawing]

00:30:17.942 --> 00:30:20.612
BARRI: Walking now
into an empty Huronia

00:30:20.612 --> 00:30:24.490
lets us confront something
of what my brothers saw,

00:30:24.490 --> 00:30:26.117
and how they lived.

00:30:26.117 --> 00:30:29.245
ADELE: When we
went up those steps,

00:30:29.245 --> 00:30:32.123
it was like someone
pulling me back.

00:30:32.123 --> 00:30:35.001
Okay, guys,
I don't want you to get upset,

00:30:35.001 --> 00:30:37.920
but this is what I felt.

00:30:37.920 --> 00:30:40.214
That...

00:30:40.214 --> 00:30:44.762
I was the boys
going up those steps.

00:30:46.971 --> 00:30:50.684
[crying]

00:30:50.684 --> 00:30:54.772
[people chattering]

00:31:10.203 --> 00:31:14.332
ADELE: He was
in the whole building.

00:31:28.847 --> 00:31:32.183
ADELE: There was
something I felt,

00:31:32.183 --> 00:31:36.647
very strong.

00:31:36.647 --> 00:31:42.151
The ghost of people
that were there.

00:31:45.321 --> 00:31:48.991
I wanted to punch the wall.

00:31:52.579 --> 00:31:56.750
Or punch whoever was in there.
[chuckles]

00:32:05.592 --> 00:32:07.927
BARRI: The Children's
Ward and Infirmary

00:32:07.927 --> 00:32:09.847
were two places Louis lived,

00:32:09.847 --> 00:32:11.849
with no playroom that I can see.

00:32:11.849 --> 00:32:16.477
ADELE: It definitely just
gives me a vibe of some sort.

00:32:17.270 --> 00:32:21.274
BARRI: He was attended to by
overworked, ill-trained staff,

00:32:21.274 --> 00:32:24.778
fed watery oatmeal,
left in diapers all day,

00:32:24.778 --> 00:32:27.029
and likely tended to
by teenage residents

00:32:27.029 --> 00:32:30.366
pressed into servitude,
handling the care and feeding

00:32:30.366 --> 00:32:34.454
of too many small children
in their cot cages.

00:32:34.454 --> 00:32:37.290
ADELE: [sighs deeply]

00:32:37.290 --> 00:32:39.793
ADELE: This is the start of it.

00:32:39.793 --> 00:32:41.795
He was moved later on
in a coffin.

00:32:41.795 --> 00:32:45.173
That's the only way.

00:32:47.175 --> 00:32:48.134
BARRI: The pavilion.

00:32:48.134 --> 00:32:51.053
It's where those most
in need of care were placed,

00:32:51.053 --> 00:32:52.890
and where eldest brother
Alfie lived

00:32:52.890 --> 00:32:55.893
for nearly 20 years
till his death.

00:32:55.893 --> 00:32:59.312
If you could be trained
and educated till Grade Five,

00:32:59.312 --> 00:33:02.106
you could leave
Huronia as an adult,

00:33:02.106 --> 00:33:03.274
but many, like Alfie,

00:33:03.274 --> 00:33:07.613
were destined to live
out their lives here.

00:33:13.201 --> 00:33:15.787
BARRI: By the '70s,
a staff member started

00:33:15.787 --> 00:33:17.915
calling Alfie "Chicky."

00:33:17.915 --> 00:33:20.500
I'm relieved to see
in his record some hint

00:33:20.500 --> 00:33:24.671
at more than a dreary life.

00:33:24.671 --> 00:33:27.173
[crows cawing]

00:33:27.173 --> 00:33:29.467
BARRI: It's written
he liked attention,

00:33:29.467 --> 00:33:33.680
and stared out
windows for hours.

00:33:33.680 --> 00:33:36.015
I wonder what he saw,

00:33:36.015 --> 00:33:39.268
what entranced him.

00:33:39.895 --> 00:33:45.024
ADELE: In that time period,
they labelled you.

00:33:45.024 --> 00:33:47.109
They were like Samuel.

00:33:47.109 --> 00:33:51.322
ADELE: Hey, Mr. Magoo,
did you see any hockey?

00:33:51.322 --> 00:33:53.241
SAMUEL: [indecipherable]

00:33:53.241 --> 00:33:56.537
ADELE: That's right.
Can I see you, please?

00:33:56.537 --> 00:33:57.078
Hmm!

00:33:57.078 --> 00:33:59.623
Oh, there we go.
Oh, now I can see you!

00:33:59.623 --> 00:34:01.708
ADELE: That's better,
that's better!

00:34:01.708 --> 00:34:04.377
SAMUEL: [indecipherable]
ADELE: Yes, yes.

00:34:04.377 --> 00:34:06.004
What, sweetie?

00:34:06.004 --> 00:34:10.258
Okay, show Auntie Barri
what we do for the train.

00:34:10.258 --> 00:34:13.344
SAMUEL: [makes noise]
ADELE: That's better.

00:34:13.344 --> 00:34:16.180
And show her the subway.
What's the subway?

00:34:16.180 --> 00:34:18.850
What's the noise
of the GO train?

00:34:18.850 --> 00:34:21.562
SAMUEL: [mimics
train door chime]

00:34:21.562 --> 00:34:24.313
ADELE: That's better.
That's better!

00:34:24.313 --> 00:34:26.148
SAMUEL: [mimics
train door chime]

00:34:26.148 --> 00:34:26.900
ADELE: That's right.

00:34:26.900 --> 00:34:29.443
The GO train makes
the same sound as the subway.

00:34:29.443 --> 00:34:32.280
BARRI: As the subway, perfect.
ADELE: Yeah.

00:34:34.032 --> 00:34:37.911
BARRI: My nephew Samuel
has the same genetic disposition

00:34:37.911 --> 00:34:40.288
as his uncles,
Louis and Alfie.

00:34:40.288 --> 00:34:44.250
But Sam's life has
been a richer one.

00:34:44.250 --> 00:34:46.628
ADELE: He's
in a good group home,

00:34:46.628 --> 00:34:48.462
community living.

00:34:48.462 --> 00:34:51.090
BARRI: You'd take summer trips
and stuff with him too.

00:34:51.090 --> 00:34:55.428
ADELE: Oh yeah,
he loved it, he loved it.

00:34:55.428 --> 00:34:57.973
BARRI: Dad always said

00:34:57.973 --> 00:35:00.767
that you were an amazing mother.

00:35:00.767 --> 00:35:03.436
ADELE: Yeah.

00:35:03.436 --> 00:35:05.187
BARRI: But you never heard that,
did you?

00:35:05.187 --> 00:35:07.691
ADELE: No.
That's the bother part.

00:35:07.691 --> 00:35:10.318
BARRI: He never told you that.
ADELE: Yeah.

00:35:10.318 --> 00:35:13.154
ERIC: He was never
close to Samuel.

00:35:13.154 --> 00:35:15.281
He never embraced his grandson.

00:35:15.281 --> 00:35:16.908
This was his grandson.

00:35:16.908 --> 00:35:20.494
BARRI: So, why do you
think he stayed away?

00:35:25.626 --> 00:35:29.546
ADELE: He didn't want to see...

00:35:29.546 --> 00:35:31.632
It wasn't me.

00:35:33.675 --> 00:35:36.053
He didn't want to...

00:35:40.724 --> 00:35:42.059
Samuel.

00:35:43.351 --> 00:35:46.563
ERIC: That which,
you know, stirs up

00:35:46.563 --> 00:35:47.773
such a negative memory.

00:35:47.773 --> 00:35:50.358
Obviously certain things
just are a trigger for him,

00:35:50.358 --> 00:35:52.653
and he just couldn't
deal with it.

00:35:52.653 --> 00:35:55.697
BARRI: I imagine the guilt
of putting his sons away

00:35:55.697 --> 00:35:58.909
made my father uneasy
about his grandson,

00:35:58.909 --> 00:36:00.911
who reminded him of such loss,

00:36:00.911 --> 00:36:02.996
and the perceived
shame at the time

00:36:02.996 --> 00:36:06.792
of having children
with disabilities.

00:36:06.792 --> 00:36:08.001
ADELE: It hurt.

00:36:08.001 --> 00:36:09.836
It really got my gut.

00:36:09.836 --> 00:36:12.589
Then I said,
"You know something,

00:36:12.589 --> 00:36:15.299
"screw you guys.

00:36:15.299 --> 00:36:16.467
"He's my son.

00:36:16.467 --> 00:36:17.928
"I'm gonna take care of him.

00:36:17.928 --> 00:36:19.428
"I don't care.

00:36:19.428 --> 00:36:22.390
"You don't know me."

00:36:28.437 --> 00:36:31.440
BARRI: Throughout
the summer and fall of 2014,

00:36:31.440 --> 00:36:34.485
we return a few more times
and meet survivors,

00:36:34.485 --> 00:36:37.739
as well as Marilyn
and Jim Dolmage.

00:36:43.120 --> 00:36:45.706
WOMAN: Inside the pipe room.

00:36:45.706 --> 00:36:46.372
ADELE: Yeah.

00:36:46.372 --> 00:36:49.208
MARILYN: Cobwebs.
Toilet pipes.

00:36:49.208 --> 00:36:50.168
Hot!

00:36:50.168 --> 00:36:53.088
And these are the scratches.

00:36:53.088 --> 00:36:54.380
ADELE: [exhales sharply]

00:36:54.380 --> 00:36:56.883
MARILYN: It's
little-kid sized, right?

00:36:56.883 --> 00:36:59.260
CINDY: There's no toys
to play with.

00:36:59.260 --> 00:37:00.846
All they'd do
is they'd get mad,

00:37:00.846 --> 00:37:04.683
and they'd just rip
the walls right off.

00:37:04.683 --> 00:37:09.478
Like, just tear them apart.
Rip them like that.

00:37:09.478 --> 00:37:12.481
They'd just get mad.

00:37:12.481 --> 00:37:15.527
BARRI: One of the bleakest parts
of this tour is the discovery

00:37:15.527 --> 00:37:18.697
of nearly three kilometres
of underground walkway

00:37:18.697 --> 00:37:23.827
where survivors say they
were terrorized and abused.

00:37:32.418 --> 00:37:35.630
DEBBIE: Do you remember the
first day that you came here,

00:37:35.630 --> 00:37:37.132
what that was like?

00:37:37.132 --> 00:37:38.299
BEV: No.

00:37:38.299 --> 00:37:40.051
I can't remember that.

00:37:40.051 --> 00:37:44.097
I got beat up a lot
because I'm Native.

00:37:44.097 --> 00:37:46.099
Called names a lot.

00:37:46.099 --> 00:37:47.100
"Squaw."

00:37:47.100 --> 00:37:48.727
"Injun," all that.

00:37:48.727 --> 00:37:50.394
DEBBIE: What were
your clothes like?

00:37:50.394 --> 00:37:52.189
BEV: The clothes weren't
very good; they--

00:37:52.189 --> 00:37:55.066
DEBBIE: Did you have
pretty dresses, or nice--

00:37:55.066 --> 00:37:56.526
BEV: Uh, no!

00:37:56.526 --> 00:37:57.318
No.

00:37:57.318 --> 00:37:59.445
We had no underwear at all.

00:37:59.445 --> 00:38:02.824
Yeah.
You had no underwear.

00:38:02.824 --> 00:38:04.951
DEBBIE: What was
in this room, Bev?

00:38:04.951 --> 00:38:06.661
BEV: I don't remember this room.

00:38:06.661 --> 00:38:10.957
DEBBIE: Do you remember
what the side room looked like?

00:38:10.957 --> 00:38:12.291
BEV: Like this here.

00:38:12.291 --> 00:38:17.130
DEBBIE: Bev went, when she had
stole some candy from a teacher,

00:38:17.130 --> 00:38:19.925
and she was
disciplined for that.

00:38:19.925 --> 00:38:23.385
They had put you
in a straitjacket.

00:38:23.385 --> 00:38:24.179
BEV: Yeah.

00:38:24.179 --> 00:38:26.973
DEBBIE: And they
took you to a room...

00:38:26.973 --> 00:38:29.684
BEV: Downstairs in
the basement somewhere,

00:38:29.684 --> 00:38:31.937
in a room with no windows,

00:38:31.937 --> 00:38:35.816
and they locked me
in there for two days.

00:38:35.816 --> 00:38:38.109
I had no food, no water.

00:38:38.109 --> 00:38:41.655
I had to sleep on the floor.

00:38:41.655 --> 00:38:43.198
With nothing.

00:38:43.198 --> 00:38:44.658
Broke my collarbone.

00:38:44.658 --> 00:38:46.117
DEBBIE: Trying to get out
of the straightjacket.

00:38:46.117 --> 00:38:48.578
BEV: Trying to get out
of the straitjacket.

00:38:48.578 --> 00:38:50.872
DEBBIE: And all of that
for stealing candy.

00:38:50.872 --> 00:38:53.959
BEV: For stealing candy.

00:38:57.419 --> 00:39:00.298
BEV: Yeah.
DEBBIE: Yeah.

00:39:00.298 --> 00:39:01.423
[crying]

00:39:01.423 --> 00:39:04.678
DEBBIE: But now you're free.
BEV: Mm-hm.

00:39:04.678 --> 00:39:09.182
DEBBIE: I am a supporter
to survivors who used to

00:39:09.182 --> 00:39:12.434
live at Huronia
Regional Centre.

00:39:12.434 --> 00:39:17.190
My greatest inspiration
comes from my sister.

00:39:17.190 --> 00:39:19.192
She was born
with cerebral palsy

00:39:19.192 --> 00:39:22.696
and a developmental disability.

00:39:22.696 --> 00:39:25.323
Before my father passed away,

00:39:25.323 --> 00:39:26.992
he made the family promise

00:39:26.992 --> 00:39:30.036
not to institutionalize
my sister Karen.

00:39:30.036 --> 00:39:32.706
When our mother could
no longer take care of Karen,

00:39:32.706 --> 00:39:36.251
she had to move her into
a long-term care institution.

00:39:36.251 --> 00:39:38.377
The government
denied funding for her

00:39:38.377 --> 00:39:41.172
to be supported
in the community.

00:39:42.674 --> 00:39:45.677
DEBBIE: I worked
at Huronia Regional Centre

00:39:45.677 --> 00:39:49.973
back in 1976.

00:39:49.973 --> 00:39:53.101
And at that time I wanted
to head out to Alberta

00:39:53.101 --> 00:39:55.687
to work at Michener Centre.

00:39:55.687 --> 00:39:58.397
After about 25 years,

00:39:58.397 --> 00:40:02.110
I worked there again,

00:40:02.110 --> 00:40:05.780
and it seemed like
I hadn't even left there,

00:40:05.780 --> 00:40:09.659
because everything
was still the same.

00:40:09.659 --> 00:40:13.914
Time stood still.

00:40:13.914 --> 00:40:17.167
There weren't as many
living on the unit,

00:40:17.167 --> 00:40:19.294
but there were still 32 men.

00:40:19.294 --> 00:40:20.962
They didn't have
their own bedrooms.

00:40:20.962 --> 00:40:24.049
They all slept
ward-style on metal cots,

00:40:24.049 --> 00:40:27.594
and rubber mattresses,
and two cotton sheets,

00:40:27.594 --> 00:40:29.679
even in the wintertime,

00:40:29.679 --> 00:40:31.932
and sometimes without pyjamas.

00:40:31.932 --> 00:40:35.602
None of their own personal
possessions, their own clothing.

00:40:35.602 --> 00:40:36.895
It was just ward clothing,

00:40:36.895 --> 00:40:39.356
no underwear,
no socks, no shoes.

00:40:39.356 --> 00:40:40.941
All they did was watch TV.

00:40:40.941 --> 00:40:44.361
They never left the unit
unless we took a little pod

00:40:44.361 --> 00:40:47.364
of the guys down
through the tramways.

00:40:47.364 --> 00:40:51.201
So it was a pretty
dismal existence.

00:40:51.201 --> 00:40:54.287
MARILYN: Betty, you and Bev
talked about having to sit

00:40:54.287 --> 00:40:55.413
and not move,

00:40:55.413 --> 00:40:57.498
but you also
couldn't go to sleep.

00:40:57.498 --> 00:40:59.793
Those big wooden oak benches

00:40:59.793 --> 00:41:01.086
like you see
in prisons and stuff.

00:41:01.086 --> 00:41:04.047
BETTY: And some of them would
try to sneak underneath them

00:41:04.047 --> 00:41:06.216
to try and fall asleep
or whatever.

00:41:06.216 --> 00:41:08.593
And if they got caught,
they were dragged out,

00:41:08.593 --> 00:41:10.469
I mean, literally
dragged out by the hair.

00:41:10.469 --> 00:41:13.306
Trying to make an example
out of you for nothing.

00:41:13.306 --> 00:41:15.892
BARRY: This was our dining room.

00:41:15.892 --> 00:41:18.477
They'd take you
and they'd put you

00:41:18.477 --> 00:41:21.690
so you were lying on the floor
on your stomach.

00:41:21.690 --> 00:41:24.067
Then they'd take
your plate of food

00:41:24.067 --> 00:41:26.152
and put it underneath
your mouth.

00:41:26.152 --> 00:41:29.072
Then they take their foot
and push your face into it.

00:41:29.072 --> 00:41:30.824
MAN: No way!
[all exclaiming]

00:41:30.824 --> 00:41:34.119
BARRY: And it is called
digging worms.

00:41:34.119 --> 00:41:36.037
MARIE: I remember them
making us dig worms,

00:41:36.037 --> 00:41:40.083
lying flat on our-- on the floor
with our hands behind our back,

00:41:40.083 --> 00:41:44.379
and our faces on--
in the ground.

00:41:44.379 --> 00:41:46.548
[crowd chattering]

00:41:51.761 --> 00:41:54.806
BARRI: It's devastating
to imagine how my brothers,

00:41:54.806 --> 00:41:57.308
especially Alfie,
who lived the longest,

00:41:57.308 --> 00:42:01.146
may have been roughly handled,
slapped, pushed around,

00:42:01.146 --> 00:42:06.151
and dehumanized,
day after day.

00:42:06.151 --> 00:42:11.364
At one point, his file says
he suffered a head injury.

00:42:11.364 --> 00:42:13.742
No reason is given.

00:42:16.036 --> 00:42:17.537
BRIAN: At night was the worst.

00:42:17.537 --> 00:42:20.206
They used to come, and I used
to have pressure on me.

00:42:20.206 --> 00:42:21.541
I'm like,
"What the hell is this?"

00:42:21.541 --> 00:42:24.586
I wake up and there's--
and he's on top of me.

00:42:24.586 --> 00:42:26.880
What are you gonna do?
I'm only a kid.

00:42:26.880 --> 00:42:29.382
And it wasn't-- like I said,
I'm not the only one.

00:42:29.382 --> 00:42:30.884
The only thing
that pisses me off,

00:42:30.884 --> 00:42:35.847
I want to be able to say, "This
is what you guys did to me!"

00:42:35.847 --> 00:42:37.057
I can't do that.

00:42:37.057 --> 00:42:40.268
And that hurts me
more than anything.

00:42:44.230 --> 00:42:46.566
BARRI: On the last tour in 2014,

00:42:46.566 --> 00:42:49.611
I meet a researcher
who's working with survivors

00:42:49.611 --> 00:42:53.740
to collect their stories,
and preserve hospital artifacts.

00:42:53.740 --> 00:42:55.909
KATE: So, we had
the opportunity to take them.

00:42:55.909 --> 00:42:59.412
They felt very, very
important to maintain

00:42:59.412 --> 00:43:01.414
this collection of artifacts.

00:43:01.414 --> 00:43:05.043
Crib cages, crib cots,
uniforms.

00:43:05.043 --> 00:43:08.171
Straightjackets.

00:43:09.923 --> 00:43:14.427
KATE: To have a visceral sense
that was informed by things

00:43:14.427 --> 00:43:17.972
that people used every day
was very affecting,

00:43:17.972 --> 00:43:21.726
telling us what it
was like to live there.

00:43:23.269 --> 00:43:26.898
KATE: What it might have been
like to have been little,

00:43:26.898 --> 00:43:29.943
to have been powerless,

00:43:29.943 --> 00:43:33.780
to have your dignity removed.

00:43:33.780 --> 00:43:37.492
And to have that
experience be narrated

00:43:37.492 --> 00:43:41.287
clearly by people who,
in some cases,

00:43:41.287 --> 00:43:43.039
had never talked
about those memories,

00:43:43.039 --> 00:43:45.959
but also had
never been believed.

00:43:45.959 --> 00:43:50.380
It was a deeply, deeply
loveless place.

00:43:50.380 --> 00:43:53.675
They are spaces that tell
people that they are unloved,

00:43:53.675 --> 00:43:57.470
and unlovable at every turn.

00:43:57.470 --> 00:44:00.473
BARRI: My brothers never
had a chance to share that truth

00:44:00.473 --> 00:44:03.393
with our family.

00:44:03.393 --> 00:44:07.272
The only way now to learn what
it was really like living there

00:44:07.272 --> 00:44:10.150
is through survivors' memories.

00:44:10.150 --> 00:44:12.277
[crows cawing]

00:44:15.780 --> 00:44:19.117
[planer whirring]

00:44:23.955 --> 00:44:27.167
[planer whirring]

00:44:32.506 --> 00:44:37.677
BRIAN: Bird's Eye Maple
is the hardest maple to plane.

00:44:37.677 --> 00:44:40.388
That's finished.
BARRI: [gasps]

00:44:40.388 --> 00:44:41.931
That's brilliant.

00:44:41.931 --> 00:44:45.977
So you work in steel,
metal, wood?

00:44:45.977 --> 00:44:46.978
BRIAN: Yeah.

00:44:46.978 --> 00:44:49.022
I do pretty good with my hands.

00:44:49.022 --> 00:44:52.233
Well, as you see,
some of the figurines I got.

00:44:52.233 --> 00:44:53.026
BARRI: Yeah.

00:44:53.026 --> 00:44:54.319
BRIAN: My trade was a plumber.

00:44:54.319 --> 00:44:56.696
BARRI: And how many
grandkids do you have?

00:44:56.696 --> 00:44:58.948
BRIAN: Oh my goodness...
Ten.

00:44:58.948 --> 00:45:00.074
Ten grandchildren.

00:45:00.074 --> 00:45:01.701
BARRI: Big, rich, full life?

00:45:01.701 --> 00:45:03.161
BRIAN: Yeah, I can't complain.

00:45:03.161 --> 00:45:05.997
What was to be is okay.
You know, like,

00:45:05.997 --> 00:45:07.749
I wish to forget
a lot of things,

00:45:07.749 --> 00:45:11.211
but I don't think
that will come to be.

00:45:15.965 --> 00:45:20.136
BRIAN: My grandpa died
in February of '62,

00:45:20.136 --> 00:45:23.056
and that's when they got me,
because if he had stayed alive,

00:45:23.056 --> 00:45:24.724
he would never have allowed it.

00:45:24.724 --> 00:45:28.269
Memories of my mother are none.

00:45:28.269 --> 00:45:29.395
Had to be...

00:45:29.395 --> 00:45:34.150
four or five different
gentlemen I called Dad.

00:45:34.150 --> 00:45:35.735
They didn't want me.

00:45:35.735 --> 00:45:40.240
I was something to be discarded.

00:45:40.240 --> 00:45:41.533
I remember the first day,

00:45:41.533 --> 00:45:44.536
I didn't have a bag
for clothes or anything else.

00:45:44.536 --> 00:45:48.456
I was just dropped off
as I was dressed.

00:45:48.456 --> 00:45:50.584
I remember the gentleman,
Mr. Kirkland.

00:45:50.584 --> 00:45:53.086
Well, I was crying quite a bit,
and he told me,

00:45:53.086 --> 00:45:57.173
"You sit here in the office.
Today you cry all you want."

00:45:57.173 --> 00:45:59.884
He says, "Tomorrow
you belong to me."

00:45:59.884 --> 00:46:02.887
He kept his word on that.

00:46:02.887 --> 00:46:05.181
[motor scooter whirring]

00:46:08.768 --> 00:46:10.937
CARRIEANNE: My mom
had eight children,

00:46:10.937 --> 00:46:14.650
and they were all
from different daddies.

00:46:14.650 --> 00:46:19.070
There's Kathy, Ethel,
me, Jackie, Billy, Freddy,

00:46:19.070 --> 00:46:20.029
and Lionel, and Paul.

00:46:20.029 --> 00:46:23.116
Paul was in Orillia,
Lionel was in Orillia.

00:46:23.116 --> 00:46:24.409
I was in Orillia.

00:46:24.409 --> 00:46:26.244
My mom was in Orillia.

00:46:26.244 --> 00:46:27.787
And my aunt.

00:46:27.787 --> 00:46:29.247
It's three generations.

00:46:29.247 --> 00:46:33.835
It's a curse, as far as
I'm concerned, a curse.

00:46:33.835 --> 00:46:38.298
When my sister Kathleen did
something against the courts,

00:46:38.298 --> 00:46:40.634
I went to court,
and I had to take the blame.

00:46:40.634 --> 00:46:44.596
So they sentenced me
to Orillia Hospital.

00:46:44.596 --> 00:46:47.641
I went there in isolation.

00:46:47.641 --> 00:46:50.143
They cut my hair.
It was really long.

00:46:50.143 --> 00:46:52.145
Cut my hair.

00:46:52.145 --> 00:46:52.979
Took me to the dentist.

00:46:52.979 --> 00:46:55.857
They broke my teeth,
they broke my legs.

00:46:55.857 --> 00:46:58.694
It was like a nightmare.

00:47:01.321 --> 00:47:06.451
PATRICIA: [whistling]

00:47:07.327 --> 00:47:09.829
♪ Liza Jane looks good to me, ♪

00:47:09.829 --> 00:47:11.456
♪ Little Liza Jane. ♪

00:47:11.456 --> 00:47:16.294
♪ Where she roams is home sweet
home, Little Liza Jane... ♪

00:47:16.294 --> 00:47:20.591
PATRICIA: I remember
Mom and Dad telling me

00:47:20.591 --> 00:47:23.259
that I was gonna
go to the hospital

00:47:23.259 --> 00:47:25.261
for people that are retarded.

00:47:25.261 --> 00:47:27.972
I said,
"Mom, I'm not retarded."

00:47:27.972 --> 00:47:31.267
I wanted to go
to the Special Education Unit

00:47:31.267 --> 00:47:33.895
at Warden Woods Public School.

00:47:33.895 --> 00:47:36.690
But Dad didn't
want me put there.

00:47:36.690 --> 00:47:42.028
They were embarrassed
to have a retarded child.

00:47:42.028 --> 00:47:44.906
I thought that
my siblings and my parents

00:47:44.906 --> 00:47:46.533
would live with me,

00:47:46.533 --> 00:47:49.327
because they never told me
that they weren't going to.

00:47:49.327 --> 00:47:53.206
Going to Admissions,
Mom let go of my hand,

00:47:53.206 --> 00:47:56.125
and the nurse
with a cap took me in.

00:47:56.125 --> 00:47:58.629
And I said,
"Mom, aren't you coming?

00:47:58.629 --> 00:48:00.714
"Aren't you coming
to live with me?"

00:48:00.714 --> 00:48:01.422
And she said, "No."

00:48:01.422 --> 00:48:05.218
And she couldn't look at me,
and I couldn't understand why.

00:48:05.218 --> 00:48:08.806
I was seven years old
at the time.

00:48:08.806 --> 00:48:10.390
[sighs]

00:48:10.390 --> 00:48:12.392
I was so afraid.

00:48:12.392 --> 00:48:15.103
Terrified.

00:48:15.103 --> 00:48:18.022
ANTOINETTE: It started
in December.

00:48:18.022 --> 00:48:19.982
MARIE: Ten hats
in the other bag.

00:48:19.982 --> 00:48:23.444
ANTOINETTE: Yeah,
and ten scarves.

00:48:23.444 --> 00:48:25.405
MARIE: Okay.

00:48:25.405 --> 00:48:28.241
The hardest part
is measuring it.

00:48:28.241 --> 00:48:31.953
MARIE: I ended up there
because Dr. Havikova

00:48:31.953 --> 00:48:32.912
said I was retarded,

00:48:32.912 --> 00:48:37.250
and it was because I didn't
know what the word India was.

00:48:37.250 --> 00:48:39.001
Well, I proved people wrong.

00:48:39.001 --> 00:48:42.004
They thought I would never
be able to do certain things,

00:48:42.004 --> 00:48:45.509
and I showed them.

00:48:49.011 --> 00:48:51.264
MARIE: The Children's
Aid Society got involved

00:48:51.264 --> 00:48:54.768
with our family because of
all the neglect, and...

00:48:54.768 --> 00:48:58.146
so many of us having--
being retarded or something.

00:48:58.146 --> 00:49:02.358
I was a resident of
Hospital G for a while,

00:49:02.358 --> 00:49:06.822
and then after that,
I went to K 3.

00:49:06.822 --> 00:49:08.281
I remember going
into the playroom,

00:49:08.281 --> 00:49:11.577
and I remember saying,
"Oh, this is the chair.

00:49:11.577 --> 00:49:15.329
"I'm gonna be sitting
in it all the time."

00:49:18.374 --> 00:49:21.127
BETTY: Well, it was a dumping
ground for the Children's Aid.

00:49:21.127 --> 00:49:25.131
Children's Aid had
a big, humongous part in this.

00:49:25.131 --> 00:49:27.383
You were made a permanent
ward of the Children's Aid,

00:49:27.383 --> 00:49:29.553
and in their ways of
handling this stuff, well,

00:49:29.553 --> 00:49:32.430
one letter you're not in,
the second letter you're not in,

00:49:32.430 --> 00:49:33.473
the third letter, you're in.

00:49:33.473 --> 00:49:35.642
Of course, the families thought
it was the greatest thing

00:49:35.642 --> 00:49:37.977
that they were
dumping their kids off.

00:49:37.977 --> 00:49:39.437
It was a "school" over there.

00:49:39.437 --> 00:49:40.814
DEBBIE: It fooled
a lot of families.

00:49:40.814 --> 00:49:42.273
It fooled a lot of people.
BETTY: Yeah, it did.

00:49:42.273 --> 00:49:44.568
Because a lot of them didn't
go through the Children's Aid.

00:49:44.568 --> 00:49:46.110
A lot of them just
dumped their kids there

00:49:46.110 --> 00:49:48.488
because they couldn't
afford probably to raise them;

00:49:48.488 --> 00:49:49.238
they had too many kids.

00:49:49.238 --> 00:49:52.200
BARRI: It fooled my family.
BETTY: Yeah.

00:49:58.456 --> 00:50:01.167
BETTY: I was in
very, very young.

00:50:01.167 --> 00:50:03.670
My mom wanted to kill me.

00:50:03.670 --> 00:50:04.838
She had nine of us.

00:50:04.838 --> 00:50:07.173
And we all ended up
in the Children's Aid.

00:50:07.173 --> 00:50:10.051
But I was the one that
was made a permanent ward

00:50:10.051 --> 00:50:11.553
of the Children's Aid.
I'm not sure--

00:50:11.553 --> 00:50:13.680
I think the other ones
got fostered out,

00:50:13.680 --> 00:50:15.014
and things like that.

00:50:15.014 --> 00:50:17.976
BARRI: Bev, for you it was '52?
From a foster--

00:50:17.976 --> 00:50:21.145
BEV: Yeah,
from a foster family.

00:50:21.145 --> 00:50:25.441
I was in K 3,
which is the children's cottage.

00:50:25.441 --> 00:50:27.068
DEBBIE: That's how you met.

00:50:27.068 --> 00:50:28.152
BETTY: Mm-hm.
BEV: Yeah.

00:50:28.152 --> 00:50:31.865
DEBBIE: Bev used to take
care of Betty on the ward.

00:50:31.865 --> 00:50:33.241
BETTY: She used to shower me.

00:50:33.241 --> 00:50:37.036
The oldest ones looked
after the youngest ones.

00:50:37.036 --> 00:50:40.999
I remember the kindness
that Bev showed.

00:50:40.999 --> 00:50:44.043
BARRI: So maybe you taught
each other about love.

00:50:44.043 --> 00:50:46.505
BETTY: At that time,
I don't know what love was.

00:50:46.505 --> 00:50:49.340
BEV: I didn't either.
BETTY: So...

00:50:54.888 --> 00:50:58.725
CINDY: Well, they'd
keep moving me everywhere,

00:50:58.725 --> 00:51:00.393
different cottages.

00:51:00.393 --> 00:51:02.144
I went to Cottage T.

00:51:02.144 --> 00:51:05.064
That was the worst one.
I was in that room;

00:51:05.064 --> 00:51:07.358
lots of kids were
yelling and screaming.

00:51:07.358 --> 00:51:08.735
They played with their fingers,

00:51:08.735 --> 00:51:13.239
and they banged their
head against the wall.

00:51:13.239 --> 00:51:18.202
I was terrified.

00:51:25.836 --> 00:51:27.461
My name is Harold Dougall.

00:51:27.461 --> 00:51:30.089
Harold George Dougall, that is.

00:51:30.089 --> 00:51:33.760
I'm a survivor here,
in Orillia.

00:51:45.146 --> 00:51:50.777
They were there to
keep us safe and take care.

00:51:50.777 --> 00:51:52.821
No, they didn't.

00:51:52.821 --> 00:51:56.867
If you don't talk
about your story,

00:51:56.867 --> 00:51:59.452
nobody will listen.

00:51:59.452 --> 00:52:02.789
This is where I survived,

00:52:02.789 --> 00:52:06.960
and I'm talking about
my story to people.

00:52:09.087 --> 00:52:10.672
PATRICIA: Make no mistake,

00:52:10.672 --> 00:52:12.841
the reason why it
was called a cottage,

00:52:12.841 --> 00:52:18.013
to make it sound to the public
that we were living fancy.

00:52:18.013 --> 00:52:22.391
That we were getting the royal
treatment, and everything,

00:52:22.391 --> 00:52:25.771
And that wasn't the case.

00:52:35.446 --> 00:52:37.281
CARRIEANNE: There was
a lot of people there.

00:52:37.281 --> 00:52:39.325
We were all packed
in like sardines.

00:52:39.325 --> 00:52:40.702
You couldn't even
get out of bed.

00:52:40.702 --> 00:52:41.995
If you were to
put your foot out,

00:52:41.995 --> 00:52:45.082
you'd probably hit
the other person in the bed.

00:52:45.082 --> 00:52:50.336
MARIE: It shows you how
close the beds were together.

00:52:50.336 --> 00:52:52.130
There's marks on the floor.

00:52:52.130 --> 00:52:53.840
BRIAN: Yeah, at night,
there was one guard.

00:52:53.840 --> 00:52:55.634
When I used to have
to use the bathroom,

00:52:55.634 --> 00:52:56.968
he used to follow me
into the bathroom.

00:52:56.968 --> 00:53:00.514
I used to beg my friend Joseph
to come with me, beg him.

00:53:00.514 --> 00:53:02.264
He says,
"No, I'm not going."

00:53:02.264 --> 00:53:05.018
MAN: Everybody sit down!
[children shouting]

00:53:05.018 --> 00:53:06.687
BARRI: One film I came across,

00:53:06.687 --> 00:53:09.064
shot at Huronia in 1969,

00:53:09.064 --> 00:53:10.774
gives as close to
an unvarnished view

00:53:10.774 --> 00:53:15.403
inside from that time
as one could hope for.

00:53:15.403 --> 00:53:20.366
BEV: All of us in one shower,
to have a shower.

00:53:20.366 --> 00:53:22.869
MARIE: See where
the toilets used to be?

00:53:22.869 --> 00:53:24.370
MAN: Yeah.

00:53:24.370 --> 00:53:25.956
MARIE: The space was open.

00:53:25.956 --> 00:53:28.374
There was a whole
bunch of toilets.

00:53:28.374 --> 00:53:31.545
BRIAN: They used to
strip us down, naked.

00:53:31.545 --> 00:53:33.714
Showers were open,
they made you bend over,

00:53:33.714 --> 00:53:37.299
and they were touching
every part of me.

00:53:37.299 --> 00:53:39.218
BARRI: And there
was sexual assaults?

00:53:39.218 --> 00:53:40.095
BETTY: Mm-hm.
Yep.

00:53:40.095 --> 00:53:42.931
BRIAN: I used to have people
trade beds with me,

00:53:42.931 --> 00:53:45.058
so they wouldn't get me.

00:53:45.058 --> 00:53:46.350
Molest me.

00:53:46.350 --> 00:53:49.563
And they did that
on countless occasions.

00:53:49.563 --> 00:53:51.815
I mean, I can't even...

00:53:51.815 --> 00:53:54.901
Wow.

00:53:54.901 --> 00:53:57.403
CINDY: I told the staff

00:53:57.403 --> 00:54:00.073
that I was going
to the washroom,

00:54:00.073 --> 00:54:02.324
and he followed me,

00:54:02.324 --> 00:54:07.038
and he wants me
to touch his penis.

00:54:07.038 --> 00:54:08.957
PATRICIA: You feel ashamed.

00:54:08.957 --> 00:54:12.878
I felt like I asked for it.

00:54:12.878 --> 00:54:15.172
BARRI: Were you abused?

00:54:15.881 --> 00:54:18.675
BARRI: Sexually abused?
HAROLD: Mm-hm.

00:54:25.140 --> 00:54:27.893
BRIAN: I remember that
like it was yesterday.

00:54:27.893 --> 00:54:31.980
When harm's done to you,
you don't forget.

00:54:33.857 --> 00:54:36.943
NARRATOR: A kindergarten class
in the Hospital School

00:54:36.943 --> 00:54:37.778
looks like any other,

00:54:37.778 --> 00:54:42.448
except the children have reached
this level later than most.

00:54:42.448 --> 00:54:46.244
TEACHER IN FILM:
Left, right, left, right!

00:54:47.579 --> 00:54:48.789
BARRI: You were in school?

00:54:48.789 --> 00:54:51.457
CARRIEANNE: Okay, yeah,
I went to school, yeah.

00:54:51.457 --> 00:54:54.586
Home Economics, and every--
I enjoyed that.

00:54:54.586 --> 00:54:56.087
Cooking.

00:54:56.087 --> 00:55:01.467
[faint sound of band playing
"Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star"]

00:55:01.467 --> 00:55:05.055
PATRICIA: I was
a majorette in the band.

00:55:05.055 --> 00:55:08.517
[faint sound of choir singing]

00:55:08.517 --> 00:55:11.019
PATRICIA: I loved
being in the choir

00:55:11.019 --> 00:55:14.313
because it got me off the unit.

00:55:14.313 --> 00:55:18.902
MARIE: I learned to sew,
and I learned to crochet.

00:55:18.902 --> 00:55:19.903
Well, I made a sweater.

00:55:19.903 --> 00:55:22.155
I was about 12 years old
at the time,

00:55:22.155 --> 00:55:24.950
and Mrs. Harrington
didn't believe me

00:55:24.950 --> 00:55:26.993
when I said I did it myself,

00:55:26.993 --> 00:55:30.872
so she made me
tear out the whole thing.

00:55:32.373 --> 00:55:37.003
CARRIEANNE: I had a job
in the laundry room in Orillia.

00:55:37.003 --> 00:55:41.508
Sewing room.

00:55:41.508 --> 00:55:44.426
BARRI: Did they ever make you
sew straightjackets?

00:55:44.426 --> 00:55:45.679
BEV: Yes.

00:55:45.679 --> 00:55:48.389
DEBBIE: That was
part of your training,

00:55:48.389 --> 00:55:51.518
was to help sustain
the institution.

00:55:51.518 --> 00:55:53.144
BEV: Yeah.

00:55:53.144 --> 00:55:58.149
PATRICIA: We all had chores,
and if you didn't do it right,

00:55:58.149 --> 00:55:59.693
you would get hit.

00:55:59.693 --> 00:56:04.405
And they would make you
do it over and over again.

00:56:04.405 --> 00:56:05.532
MARIE: Well, I was
going to school,

00:56:05.532 --> 00:56:09.160
and I'd have to get up
about 5 am in the morning

00:56:09.160 --> 00:56:11.621
and help butter toast.

00:56:11.621 --> 00:56:15.208
And we never got paid for it.

00:56:15.208 --> 00:56:17.501
KATE: Residents
were forced to undergo

00:56:17.501 --> 00:56:18.419
indentured forms of labour.

00:56:18.419 --> 00:56:20.421
They were not paid,
they were not remunerated,

00:56:20.421 --> 00:56:23.800
but they kind of
ran the institution.

00:56:23.800 --> 00:56:26.261
MARIE: I wanted to learn
new things, you know?

00:56:26.261 --> 00:56:30.599
Because I wanted out
of that place so bad.

00:56:30.599 --> 00:56:33.268
BRIAN: For discipline,
they told the other kids,

00:56:33.268 --> 00:56:38.064
"You go lay a beating on him
until he submits."

00:56:38.064 --> 00:56:39.691
MARIE: I got punished
for stealing,

00:56:39.691 --> 00:56:42.360
and I had to get up around
5 o'clock in the morning

00:56:42.360 --> 00:56:45.614
and scrub the floor
with a toothbrush.

00:56:45.614 --> 00:56:50.785
PATRICIA: Sometimes we were put
upside down in a pail of water,

00:56:50.785 --> 00:56:53.580
with our head
underneath the water,

00:56:53.580 --> 00:56:57.083
so you'd be kicking
and trying to get out of it.

00:56:57.083 --> 00:56:58.919
CARRIEANNE: They broke
my leg in three places,

00:56:58.919 --> 00:57:00.962
this leg here
I'm having troubles with.

00:57:00.962 --> 00:57:04.090
BARRI: Yeah, I saw
an X-ray report in your file,

00:57:04.090 --> 00:57:05.800
but it didn't really say why.

00:57:05.800 --> 00:57:08.762
CARRIEANNE: Yeah, they want
to cover it up, that's why.

00:57:08.762 --> 00:57:11.932
They don't want
to tell the truth.

00:57:11.932 --> 00:57:14.267
PATRICIA: If I didn't eat
everything on my plate,

00:57:14.267 --> 00:57:16.770
I was put inside that pipe room.

00:57:16.770 --> 00:57:22.108
And I remember sitting there,
with spiders in it.

00:57:22.108 --> 00:57:24.819
BRIAN: They used to
soak me down naked,

00:57:24.819 --> 00:57:29.115
and make me stand right there
on that damn cement floor,

00:57:29.115 --> 00:57:30.742
for days, sometimes.

00:57:30.742 --> 00:57:34.037
For days.

00:57:34.037 --> 00:57:39.334
PATRICIA: All of us were on
medication to calm us down.

00:57:39.334 --> 00:57:42.128
Chemical restraints.

00:57:42.128 --> 00:57:45.382
BARRI: Drugs were routinely
given to all children.

00:57:45.382 --> 00:57:47.342
My brothers' records
show the chronic use

00:57:47.342 --> 00:57:50.428
of heavy barbiturates
from the moment they arrived.

00:57:50.428 --> 00:57:55.308
In Alfred's case, this lasted
for 20 years, until he died.

00:57:55.308 --> 00:57:59.229
It's harrowing to consider
what role these drugs played

00:57:59.229 --> 00:58:02.107
in shortening his life.

00:58:05.610 --> 00:58:07.028
CARRIEANNE: I'd get Paraldehyde

00:58:07.028 --> 00:58:10.073
because I told
somebody to shut up.

00:58:11.866 --> 00:58:15.078
CARRIEANNE: Then
I was on Phenobarb.

00:58:16.913 --> 00:58:19.082
CARRIEANNE: I was
on 800 Largactil.

00:58:19.082 --> 00:58:23.670
MARIE: It made me want
to sleep all the time.

00:58:23.670 --> 00:58:26.089
CARRIEANNE: If you sleep,
you get another needle.

00:58:26.089 --> 00:58:29.259
It was called a dope needle.

00:58:29.259 --> 00:58:32.512
BRIAN: They were giving us
drugs to see what reaction.

00:58:32.512 --> 00:58:34.514
Sometimes I would
end up with a rash

00:58:34.514 --> 00:58:36.641
completely on
one side of my body.

00:58:36.641 --> 00:58:38.435
Then they would
give me something else

00:58:38.435 --> 00:58:39.102
to fight the rash.

00:58:39.102 --> 00:58:42.022
BARRI: So, experimental drugs?
BRIAN: Exactly.

00:58:42.022 --> 00:58:43.898
MITCHELL: They had very
particular rules surrounding

00:58:43.898 --> 00:58:48.778
the use of chemical restraints,
which were definitely ignored.

00:58:48.778 --> 00:58:52.365
They were majorly
over-prescribing people

00:58:52.365 --> 00:58:52.991
with medication.

00:58:52.991 --> 00:58:56.077
They were giving people
multiple medications

00:58:56.077 --> 00:58:57.412
that conflicted with each other.

00:58:57.412 --> 00:59:00.040
Survivors now might have
years cut off their lives

00:59:00.040 --> 00:59:04.544
because of these drugs that
were prescribed excessively.

00:59:04.544 --> 00:59:07.547
BARRI: Why do you think
they would drug people?

00:59:07.547 --> 00:59:09.674
CARRIEANNE: So we
keep our mouth shut.

00:59:09.674 --> 00:59:11.968
I seen people dying there
in front of my eyes,

00:59:11.968 --> 00:59:14.054
the way they were doing it,
killing them.

00:59:14.054 --> 00:59:16.723
BRIAN: Now I wish
I could see them.

00:59:16.723 --> 00:59:19.768
It would be
a whole lot different.

00:59:19.768 --> 00:59:22.521
God would have to forgive me.

00:59:27.734 --> 00:59:29.736
BARRI: Did you tell
anybody anything?

00:59:29.736 --> 00:59:32.155
BRIAN: Yeah, I did,
I made a mistake.

00:59:32.155 --> 00:59:32.864
I told the doctor.

00:59:32.864 --> 00:59:37.827
When I told the doctor, when
I got upstairs, they did this.

00:59:37.827 --> 00:59:40.413
Put a nice scar
down me down here

00:59:40.413 --> 00:59:42.290
when they threw me
down the stairs.

00:59:42.290 --> 00:59:43.208
It wasn't worth it.

00:59:43.208 --> 00:59:45.919
I never opened my mouth
again after that.

00:59:45.919 --> 00:59:48.296
PATRICIA: Who would believe me?

00:59:48.296 --> 00:59:50.173
Who would believe any of us?

00:59:50.173 --> 00:59:53.635
CARRIEANNE: I did try
to tell my staff friend,

00:59:53.635 --> 00:59:56.596
but she had to watch her job,
and I wouldn't--

00:59:56.596 --> 01:00:00.350
I didn't want to see her--
them lose her job over things.

01:00:00.350 --> 01:00:02.769
PATRICIA: I told my parents
about the physical

01:00:02.769 --> 01:00:06.898
and mental abuse, and they
said that I exaggerated.

01:00:06.898 --> 01:00:09.901
"You just wanna come home.

01:00:09.901 --> 01:00:12.695
"You're lying."

01:00:16.074 --> 01:00:19.744
MARIE: We had a bunch of
psychopaths taking care of us.

01:00:19.744 --> 01:00:21.996
Like, we weren't people
in their eyes;

01:00:21.996 --> 01:00:25.250
we were just animals.

01:00:25.250 --> 01:00:28.044
With no feelings.

01:00:29.671 --> 01:00:33.133
BARRI: The culture of denial
by Huronia administrators

01:00:33.133 --> 01:00:34.801
was habitual.

01:00:34.801 --> 01:00:37.262
After 133 years of operation,

01:00:37.262 --> 01:00:40.014
just a handful of staff
were ever charged.

01:00:40.014 --> 01:00:44.310
But things would end in fines,
dismissals, or acquittals.

01:00:44.310 --> 01:00:47.647
BARRI: The death of
an Indigenous teen in 1954

01:00:47.647 --> 01:00:51.234
led to a manslaughter charge
40 years later.

01:00:51.234 --> 01:00:55.071
But the accused
died before trial.

01:00:56.072 --> 01:01:00.160
BARRI: What was it like
when you got out?

01:01:04.664 --> 01:01:06.416
HAROLD: Free at last,
free at last.

01:01:06.416 --> 01:01:09.043
Thank God I'm free at last.

01:01:12.590 --> 01:01:15.634
WYNNE: I am humbled to welcome
to the Legislature today

01:01:15.634 --> 01:01:18.845
former residents of
the Huronia Regional Centre.

01:01:18.845 --> 01:01:22.516
PATRICIA: The class action suit
was never about the money.

01:01:22.516 --> 01:01:25.351
We wanted our government

01:01:25.351 --> 01:01:27.687
of Ontario

01:01:27.687 --> 01:01:31.065
to apologize.

01:01:31.065 --> 01:01:31.983
BARRI: In 2013,

01:01:31.983 --> 01:01:35.028
Pat and Marie's class action
led to some promises.

01:01:35.028 --> 01:01:38.072
One was to allow
those tours at Huronia.

01:01:38.072 --> 01:01:40.534
Another, at long last,

01:01:40.534 --> 01:01:43.369
was this moment.

01:01:43.369 --> 01:01:45.455
WYNNE: A government's
responsibility

01:01:45.455 --> 01:01:47.290
is to care for its people,

01:01:47.290 --> 01:01:50.251
to make sure they are
protected and safe.

01:01:50.251 --> 01:01:53.963
WYNNE: I was very aware
that whatever I said,

01:01:53.963 --> 01:01:57.717
it was not going
to satisfy everyone

01:01:57.717 --> 01:02:01.639
who had been damaged
by actions of the past.

01:02:01.639 --> 01:02:04.642
WYNNE: I offer an apology
to the men, women,

01:02:04.642 --> 01:02:07.894
and children of Ontario
who were failed

01:02:07.894 --> 01:02:10.063
by a model of institutional care

01:02:10.063 --> 01:02:12.566
for people with
developmental disabilities.

01:02:12.566 --> 01:02:15.694
WYNNE: It's really hard
to trust whatever comes next

01:02:15.694 --> 01:02:19.072
out of the mouths of the people
who have damaged you.

01:02:19.072 --> 01:02:22.660
WYNNE: I am sorry for your pain,
for your losses,

01:02:22.660 --> 01:02:25.579
and for the impact that these
experiences must have had

01:02:25.579 --> 01:02:30.584
on your faith in this province,
and in your government.

01:02:30.584 --> 01:02:33.461
[applause]

01:02:36.214 --> 01:02:39.175
MARILYN: It mattered
that many people were there

01:02:39.175 --> 01:02:43.263
in the Legislature.

01:02:43.263 --> 01:02:46.057
She came upstairs
to shake people's hands.

01:02:46.057 --> 01:02:48.977
That meant a lot to them.

01:02:48.977 --> 01:02:52.606
Everyone who was there
that day was very moved.

01:02:52.606 --> 01:02:55.483
I cried.
I felt like it was a recognition

01:02:55.483 --> 01:02:57.819
of my brother's life and death,

01:02:57.819 --> 01:03:01.615
and all the suffering
in between.

01:03:01.615 --> 01:03:04.117
Did it mean anything?

01:03:04.117 --> 01:03:06.953
We don't really think so.

01:03:06.953 --> 01:03:09.205
BARRI: Many of them regret
they never went to court

01:03:09.205 --> 01:03:10.999
to tell their story.
WYNNE: Mm-hm.

01:03:10.999 --> 01:03:13.376
So we need to learn from that.

01:03:13.376 --> 01:03:14.085
It's not perfect.

01:03:14.085 --> 01:03:16.505
So there wasn't enough of
a truth and reconciliation

01:03:16.505 --> 01:03:17.797
process for the survivors.

01:03:17.797 --> 01:03:23.344
We never get closure on any
of the evil that's come before.

01:03:29.768 --> 01:03:33.146
BARRI: All of this
makes me wonder,

01:03:33.146 --> 01:03:36.608
how did we get here?

01:03:38.443 --> 01:03:41.487
BARRI: Why were these
fortresses of total control

01:03:41.487 --> 01:03:44.407
built in the first place?

01:03:47.827 --> 01:03:51.122
BARRI: These 30-odd buildings
and others like them

01:03:51.122 --> 01:03:53.416
were not unique to Canada.

01:03:53.416 --> 01:03:56.545
Many sprung up in the 20th
century across North America

01:03:56.545 --> 01:04:00.840
and Europe with enormous effort
and expense incurred

01:04:00.840 --> 01:04:03.176
to create them.

01:04:03.176 --> 01:04:05.721
R KENNEDY: Well,
I visited the state institutions

01:04:05.721 --> 01:04:07.013
for the mentally retarded,

01:04:07.013 --> 01:04:08.640
and I think
particularly at Willowbrook,

01:04:08.640 --> 01:04:12.977
that we have a situation
that borders on, uh...

01:04:12.977 --> 01:04:14.521
a snake pit.

01:04:14.521 --> 01:04:17.190
BARRI: What were the forces
at work that made it seem

01:04:17.190 --> 01:04:20.360
like a great idea
to confine children

01:04:20.360 --> 01:04:22.362
and separate families like mine,

01:04:22.362 --> 01:04:25.490
and the survivors'?

01:04:25.490 --> 01:04:28.535
MADELINE: The 19th century
is absolutely crucial

01:04:28.535 --> 01:04:31.871
in terms of the development
of the institutions

01:04:31.871 --> 01:04:35.416
for lots of reasons,
and a big one is the emergence

01:04:35.416 --> 01:04:37.168
and the strengthening
of capitalism.

01:04:37.168 --> 01:04:39.879
Because capitalism
was absolutely dependent

01:04:39.879 --> 01:04:42.758
on a really strong
and capable workforce.

01:04:42.758 --> 01:04:46.052
That ideology meant that
there was the inevitable

01:04:46.052 --> 01:04:51.182
then separating off of people
who were not "productive."

01:04:51.182 --> 01:04:53.893
BARRI: Another force
was a deadlier one,

01:04:53.893 --> 01:04:55.729
the junk science of eugenics,

01:04:55.729 --> 01:04:58.940
which saw the world made up
of "perfect" humans

01:04:58.940 --> 01:05:00.734
and not so "perfect" humans.

01:05:00.734 --> 01:05:01.819
[children screaming and crying]

01:05:01.819 --> 01:05:03.612
NARRATOR IN FILM: Of course,
the children from this

01:05:03.612 --> 01:05:05.154
assembly line
belong to the state

01:05:05.154 --> 01:05:08.742
to be scientifically
trained for conquest.

01:05:08.742 --> 01:05:11.285
BARRI: Big in the
early 20th century,

01:05:11.285 --> 01:05:13.831
proponents had
mainstreamed the idea

01:05:13.831 --> 01:05:16.625
that genetics and policy
could be manipulated

01:05:16.625 --> 01:05:20.169
to weed out the so-called
weak and infirm,

01:05:20.169 --> 01:05:23.715
and weed out, even,
certain races.

01:05:28.094 --> 01:05:30.764
MADELINE: A lot of people
go first to the Nazis

01:05:30.764 --> 01:05:32.265
when they think about eugenics,

01:05:32.265 --> 01:05:34.308
but the Nazis learned
an awful lot about eugenics

01:05:34.308 --> 01:05:38.730
from what was already
going on in North America.

01:05:38.730 --> 01:05:42.483
Canada has a very
strong eugenic history.

01:05:42.483 --> 01:05:45.945
MADELINE: This woman,
Dr. Helen MacMurchy,

01:05:45.945 --> 01:05:49.240
worked in Toronto at the
beginning of the 20th century.

01:05:49.240 --> 01:05:53.202
She did a lot of work
going into schools in Toronto

01:05:53.202 --> 01:05:56.122
to identify
children that she felt

01:05:56.122 --> 01:06:00.126
were at risk of being

01:06:00.126 --> 01:06:02.588
vagrant or unproductive.

01:06:02.588 --> 01:06:07.175
The idea was we want
to create a strong populace,

01:06:07.175 --> 01:06:10.970
and the best way to do that
is to encourage

01:06:10.970 --> 01:06:13.765
reproduction in
"desirable" people

01:06:13.765 --> 01:06:19.103
and discourage reproduction
in "undesirable" people.

01:06:22.023 --> 01:06:24.400
MADELINE: Institutions were
like eugenic instruments.

01:06:24.400 --> 01:06:28.196
They were places where
undesirable people could be sent

01:06:28.196 --> 01:06:32.743
to prevent them from
living in the community.

01:06:32.743 --> 01:06:36.329
Hundreds of sterilizations
were done against women

01:06:36.329 --> 01:06:37.246
without their consent.

01:06:37.246 --> 01:06:38.707
MAN: The girl is
perfectly normal.

01:06:38.707 --> 01:06:40.834
She's hard-working
and has a good reputation.

01:06:40.834 --> 01:06:43.670
WOMAN: Don't you understand
what you're doing?

01:06:43.670 --> 01:06:44.462
Look at me.

01:06:44.462 --> 01:06:46.757
Can't you see that
I'm well and strong?

01:06:46.757 --> 01:06:50.176
JUDGE: Three generations
of unfit are enough.

01:06:50.176 --> 01:06:50.928
Petition not allowed.

01:06:50.928 --> 01:06:52.846
I see no reason
to set aside the verdict.

01:06:52.846 --> 01:06:55.641
JUDGE: Sterilize him, my boy!
Sterilize him!

01:06:55.641 --> 01:06:57.433
MAN 2: He certainly
gets rid of them fast.

01:06:57.433 --> 01:06:58.852
MAN 1: You haven't
seen anything yet.

01:06:58.852 --> 01:07:02.689
KATHARINE: In Huronia, right
up until at least the 1970s,

01:07:02.689 --> 01:07:08.152
they were still performing
sterilization operations.

01:07:10.906 --> 01:07:15.536
MADELINE: Immigrants who came
from Southern or Eastern Europe

01:07:15.536 --> 01:07:18.371
in the early part
of the 20th century

01:07:18.371 --> 01:07:19.915
were seen as different enough

01:07:19.915 --> 01:07:23.334
that it warranted
eugenic practices.

01:07:25.211 --> 01:07:28.047
BARRI: What Madeleine tells me
is that the practice

01:07:28.047 --> 01:07:30.551
of segregating
children from families

01:07:30.551 --> 01:07:32.803
was not confined
to the disabled,

01:07:32.803 --> 01:07:36.097
but began at the same time
in the 19th century

01:07:36.097 --> 01:07:40.059
with the Indian
residential school system.

01:07:40.059 --> 01:07:41.394
MADELINE: The goals
of each of those

01:07:41.394 --> 01:07:46.148
forms of institutionalization
were different.

01:07:46.148 --> 01:07:48.442
The point of Indian
residential schools was

01:07:48.442 --> 01:07:52.238
to take the Indigenous aspect of
the child out of him or her,

01:07:52.238 --> 01:07:55.074
and make them into
a Christian European,

01:07:55.074 --> 01:07:58.119
productive,
contributing citizen.

01:07:58.119 --> 01:08:01.790
Whereas the institutions
for people feeble-minded,

01:08:01.790 --> 01:08:03.416
it wasn't transformation

01:08:03.416 --> 01:08:06.085
as putting them
in a place to stay.

01:08:07.504 --> 01:08:10.507
BARRI: History shows that
people separated from family

01:08:10.507 --> 01:08:14.135
and community are in danger
with institution staff,

01:08:14.135 --> 01:08:17.889
whose training isn't guaranteed,
and whose anger towards

01:08:17.889 --> 01:08:21.309
vulnerability may be
poorly controlled.

01:08:21.309 --> 01:08:25.104
It's a recipe for
dehumanization and violence,

01:08:25.104 --> 01:08:26.439
and worse.

01:08:26.439 --> 01:08:28.900
KATE: The sadism
that occurred at Huronia,

01:08:28.900 --> 01:08:31.110
was absolutely the norm.

01:08:31.110 --> 01:08:34.072
The work that we've done
is to really try to get away

01:08:34.072 --> 01:08:35.949
from this idea of
just, you know,

01:08:35.949 --> 01:08:38.451
it's just a few bad apples.

01:08:38.451 --> 01:08:39.828
No, that is not the case.

01:08:39.828 --> 01:08:42.831
There is something
intrinsic about the structure

01:08:42.831 --> 01:08:45.584
of institutions,
and how institutions

01:08:45.584 --> 01:08:46.752
like Huronia function,

01:08:46.752 --> 01:08:53.008
that always leads
to sadistic levels of violence.

01:08:53.008 --> 01:08:55.134
And that's true of Huronia.

01:08:55.134 --> 01:08:56.218
It's true of
residential schools.

01:08:56.218 --> 01:09:00.473
It's true of the places that
are housing migrant children

01:09:00.473 --> 01:09:01.642
in the Southern United States.

01:09:01.642 --> 01:09:04.143
This is a pattern
that has repeated itself

01:09:04.143 --> 01:09:07.313
over and over and over again.

01:09:07.313 --> 01:09:09.733
BARRI: So, what do you think
the key factors are?

01:09:09.733 --> 01:09:12.819
KATE: One is whether
that institution is

01:09:12.819 --> 01:09:17.490
geographically
or socially isolated.

01:09:17.490 --> 01:09:20.994
Institutions where
the goal is some kind of

01:09:20.994 --> 01:09:23.329
punishment or reform.

01:09:23.329 --> 01:09:28.209
Institutions that run
on an austerity budget.

01:09:28.209 --> 01:09:31.337
Fourth, it's really
important to think about

01:09:31.337 --> 01:09:33.214
who's being held,

01:09:33.214 --> 01:09:36.510
a group of people who
are socially despised,

01:09:36.510 --> 01:09:39.513
or socially mistrusted.

01:09:39.513 --> 01:09:41.556
And finally, how much control

01:09:41.556 --> 01:09:43.182
staff have over
residents' bodies.

01:09:43.182 --> 01:09:46.144
Are those staff involved
in clothing and washing

01:09:46.144 --> 01:09:46.895
and feeding?

01:09:46.895 --> 01:09:49.815
Leads to daily incursions
on people's dignity,

01:09:49.815 --> 01:09:53.902
on their personhood, on their
sense of being a human being,

01:09:53.902 --> 01:09:58.907
to these absolutely gross,
overwhelming forms

01:09:58.907 --> 01:10:02.703
of rape and physical abuse.

01:10:02.703 --> 01:10:06.581
To look that sadism in the face
in all of its parts

01:10:06.581 --> 01:10:08.875
was, for me,
totally overwhelming.

01:10:08.875 --> 01:10:13.295
It really changed me
as a human being.

01:10:13.295 --> 01:10:16.215
It doesn't have to be like this.

01:10:16.215 --> 01:10:17.592
Spaces that are not isolated,

01:10:17.592 --> 01:10:19.136
where people are
allowed to come and go,

01:10:19.136 --> 01:10:22.304
where they are
attached to community.

01:10:22.304 --> 01:10:26.893
Places where care is
at the centre of the mission.

01:10:26.893 --> 01:10:29.604
Not reform, but care.

01:10:29.604 --> 01:10:33.232
When you centre
the humanity, dignity,

01:10:33.232 --> 01:10:35.736
and needs of the people within,

01:10:35.736 --> 01:10:40.615
that sets the stage
really differently.

01:10:40.615 --> 01:10:43.702
BARRI: They actually
gave us confirmation.

01:10:43.702 --> 01:10:46.454
BARRI: After a long
limbo of searching,

01:10:46.454 --> 01:10:50.584
I finally get important news.

01:10:50.584 --> 01:10:52.334
The Ontario Jewish Archives

01:10:52.334 --> 01:10:54.880
confirms that little Louis

01:10:54.880 --> 01:10:58.633
is indeed buried
in this section.

01:11:00.301 --> 01:11:01.469
There's no stone.

01:11:01.469 --> 01:11:04.681
Still,
after 63 years of secrecy,

01:11:04.681 --> 01:11:08.935
it's a relief, at last,
to know he's here.

01:11:08.935 --> 01:11:14.691
BARRI: But what they can't
tell me is exactly where.

01:11:14.691 --> 01:11:18.153
So what I decided
to do was to put

01:11:18.153 --> 01:11:20.446
a new stone where Alfred is,

01:11:20.446 --> 01:11:23.700
and dedicating both of them.
ADELE: Yeah.

01:11:23.700 --> 01:11:28.079
BARRI: Then we'll do
a ceremony with Alfred.

01:11:28.079 --> 01:11:28.663
ADELE: Yes.

01:11:28.663 --> 01:11:30.624
BARRI: And we'll put
a new stone there.

01:11:30.624 --> 01:11:31.332
MARSHALL: Another stone.

01:11:31.332 --> 01:11:32.959
ADELE: Do you want
to get Rabbi Weiss?

01:11:32.959 --> 01:11:34.460
BARRI: We can get Rabbi Weiss.

01:11:34.460 --> 01:11:35.796
You've never seen it before, eh?

01:11:35.796 --> 01:11:39.381
ADA: No, no,
I've never been here before.

01:11:39.381 --> 01:11:41.300
BARRI: You're getting
a new stone, Alfred.

01:11:41.300 --> 01:11:45.387
ADELE: And Louis,
you're gonna be together.

01:11:45.387 --> 01:11:50.434
Well, you are together,
in one sense, but...

01:11:50.434 --> 01:11:52.311
you'll be acknowledged,

01:11:52.311 --> 01:11:56.149
instead of being...

01:11:56.149 --> 01:11:58.068
nothing.

01:11:58.068 --> 01:12:01.655
BARRI: Honouring the dead
is one of the most human things

01:12:01.655 --> 01:12:02.906
that we do,

01:12:02.906 --> 01:12:04.991
but not for children like Louis,

01:12:04.991 --> 01:12:06.325
who were forgotten at a time

01:12:06.325 --> 01:12:09.746
when leaving their graves
unmarked was acceptable,

01:12:09.746 --> 01:12:13.041
even taken for granted.

01:12:19.673 --> 01:12:21.591
CARRIEANNE: Now,
you're all in trouble!

01:12:21.591 --> 01:12:23.176
WOMAN: No!
No, please!

01:12:23.176 --> 01:12:25.386
BARRI: Survivors never
got their day in court,

01:12:25.386 --> 01:12:29.933
but that didn't stop them
from telling their stories.

01:12:29.933 --> 01:12:30.642
[applause]

01:12:30.642 --> 01:12:33.687
BARRI: With allies,
they created plays,

01:12:33.687 --> 01:12:34.980
books were written,

01:12:34.980 --> 01:12:37.524
and across Canada,
they spoke at galleries,

01:12:37.524 --> 01:12:41.069
law and medical schools,
universities,

01:12:41.069 --> 01:12:42.486
and museums.

01:12:42.486 --> 01:12:45.447
CARRIEANNE: We should
have human rights when we're--

01:12:45.447 --> 01:12:48.952
they didn't even come to watch
to see what we're doing,

01:12:48.952 --> 01:12:50.245
the government.

01:12:50.245 --> 01:12:53.206
[applause]

01:12:53.206 --> 01:12:54.666
[crows cawing]

01:12:54.666 --> 01:12:56.918
BARRI: Now a core
group of survivors

01:12:56.918 --> 01:12:58.712
called Remember Every Name

01:12:58.712 --> 01:13:01.214
has turned their
attention to the indignity

01:13:01.214 --> 01:13:06.052
of Huronia's own cemetery.

01:13:06.052 --> 01:13:09.681
Close to 2,000 former
residents are buried here,

01:13:09.681 --> 01:13:13.643
without headstones,
just like my brother Louis.

01:13:13.643 --> 01:13:15.228
But unlike both of my brothers

01:13:15.228 --> 01:13:17.063
who were buried
in private plots,

01:13:17.063 --> 01:13:20.567
many families left their
children for the institution

01:13:20.567 --> 01:13:22.694
to bury.

01:13:24.529 --> 01:13:27.282
MITCHELL: Remember Every Name
is a group that came out

01:13:27.282 --> 01:13:29.367
of the site tours
that were being done

01:13:29.367 --> 01:13:32.370
as part of the class action
settlement.

01:13:32.370 --> 01:13:34.122
It's a survivor-led group,

01:13:34.122 --> 01:13:38.417
the only group that's
really led by survivors.

01:13:38.417 --> 01:13:44.049
The goal is to see the truth
told about the cemetery,

01:13:44.049 --> 01:13:46.176
remembering people who
were buried in the cemetery,

01:13:46.176 --> 01:13:51.765
and people who lived and died
at Huronia, in general.

01:14:10.283 --> 01:14:13.452
CINDY: Thank you,
and God bless you all.

01:14:13.452 --> 01:14:14.621
I love you guys.

01:14:14.621 --> 01:14:17.707
REPORTER: For survivors of
the Huronia Regional Centre,

01:14:17.707 --> 01:14:21.211
this on-site cemetery
is a place of pain.

01:14:21.211 --> 01:14:23.171
It opened back
in the 19th century.

01:14:23.171 --> 01:14:27.926
Nobody knows how many former
residents are buried here.

01:14:30.595 --> 01:14:33.306
DEBBIE: It looks like
there's a mass grave.

01:14:33.306 --> 01:14:36.768
There are tablets
from individual graves

01:14:36.768 --> 01:14:41.314
that were removed
and used as paving stones

01:14:41.314 --> 01:14:42.649
to the farmhouses.

01:14:42.649 --> 01:14:44.734
And then once
they were discovered,

01:14:44.734 --> 01:14:46.778
they were put back
in the cemetery.

01:14:46.778 --> 01:14:50.489
But instead of the government
trying to put them back

01:14:50.489 --> 01:14:51.992
in their rightful place,

01:14:51.992 --> 01:14:56.079
they just put the grave
markers in this slab.

01:14:57.539 --> 01:14:59.374
BARRI: This was
another important pledge

01:14:59.374 --> 01:15:01.084
from the class action
settlement.

01:15:01.084 --> 01:15:04.212
That the dishonour of the dead
at the cemetery

01:15:04.212 --> 01:15:07.757
would hopefully be corrected.

01:15:07.757 --> 01:15:11.594
But the legacy of
contempt endured.

01:15:11.594 --> 01:15:14.514
DR. MELBYE: There has been
no respect here whatsoever.

01:15:14.514 --> 01:15:18.810
People were given temporary
numbers and dumped in a pit.

01:15:18.810 --> 01:15:19.894
REPORTER: Dr. Jerry Melbye,

01:15:19.894 --> 01:15:22.105
a professional
forensic anthropologist,

01:15:22.105 --> 01:15:24.024
discovered this summer
the government

01:15:24.024 --> 01:15:26.484
may have run a sewage pipe
through the grounds.

01:15:26.484 --> 01:15:28.862
REPORTER: They think
some of the remains were damaged

01:15:28.862 --> 01:15:31.573
by a construction project
in the 1950s.

01:15:31.573 --> 01:15:35.201
MITCHELL: Reports that were
commissioned by the government

01:15:35.201 --> 01:15:37.704
say that in 1934,

01:15:37.704 --> 01:15:39.581
work was done on the cemetery.

01:15:39.581 --> 01:15:43.043
The government says that
that means they put in

01:15:43.043 --> 01:15:44.335
the sewage pipe then too.

01:15:44.335 --> 01:15:47.422
Yeah, if we look
at this older photograph,

01:15:47.422 --> 01:15:50.300
you can see that
this area is all bush.

01:15:50.300 --> 01:15:53.928
Very unlikely that septic
infrastructure was installed

01:15:53.928 --> 01:15:56.598
in the middle of the woods,
without clearing the woods,

01:15:56.598 --> 01:15:58.600
and without grading the land.

01:15:58.600 --> 01:16:02.896
DEBBIE: There's a manhole
cover that says 1952.

01:16:02.896 --> 01:16:05.524
So we've been
kind of going by that.

01:16:05.524 --> 01:16:08.985
REPORTER: Remember Every Name
is a committee of HRC survivors.

01:16:08.985 --> 01:16:14.282
They say the consultants' report
is littered with mistakes.

01:16:14.282 --> 01:16:17.827
DEBBIE: That's
a government cover-up.

01:16:24.584 --> 01:16:28.588
[bagpipes playing]

01:16:28.588 --> 01:16:32.717
[bagpipes playing]

01:16:32.717 --> 01:16:37.263
[bagpipes playing]

01:16:37.263 --> 01:16:41.434
[bagpipes playing]

01:16:41.434 --> 01:16:45.355
[bagpipes playing]

01:16:45.355 --> 01:16:50.193
LEAH: We are gathered in this
site today to honour the dead,

01:16:50.193 --> 01:16:53.113
to show our respect
and support for survivors.

01:16:53.113 --> 01:16:57.283
BETTY: As children, we were
made to come out to the grounds,

01:16:57.283 --> 01:16:59.452
and we were told
if you weren't little--

01:16:59.452 --> 01:17:02.038
if you weren't good girls,
you would end up here.

01:17:02.038 --> 01:17:05.750
BRIAN: I'm here to--
for the people that can't speak,

01:17:05.750 --> 01:17:07.836
like my friends that they
buried in this graveyard.

01:17:07.836 --> 01:17:11.089
BRIAN: I never went to a place
where they got buried.

01:17:11.089 --> 01:17:13.133
There was no funeral.

01:17:13.133 --> 01:17:16.386
Tell me somebody here
that's been to a funeral?

01:17:16.386 --> 01:17:18.388
[harmonica playing]

01:17:18.388 --> 01:17:20.974
MITCHELL: I've been involved
in disability rights stuff

01:17:20.974 --> 01:17:21.975
since, I guess, 2012.

01:17:21.975 --> 01:17:25.895
I'm a disabled person,
I'm autistic, I have OCD.

01:17:25.895 --> 01:17:29.482
If I was born in 1910 or 1920,

01:17:29.482 --> 01:17:32.986
it's quite possible
that I could end up in Huronia.

01:17:32.986 --> 01:17:35.363
I have to think
about the possibility

01:17:35.363 --> 01:17:38.491
that could've been me.

01:17:40.994 --> 01:17:42.996
BARRI: The government
promised survivors

01:17:42.996 --> 01:17:45.583
they'd be consulted
in beautifying the grounds,

01:17:45.583 --> 01:17:48.627
including putting up
proper burial stones.

01:17:48.627 --> 01:17:51.838
But if you've historically
neglected the people here,

01:17:51.838 --> 01:17:55.842
the effort to get it right
was bound to go awry.

01:17:55.842 --> 01:17:59.095
MARIE: There.

01:17:59.095 --> 01:18:01.347
MITCHELL: We opposed
the row end markers.

01:18:01.347 --> 01:18:04.518
They seemed to have just
been chosen kind of at random,

01:18:04.518 --> 01:18:08.396
which row they say
they're buried in.

01:18:08.396 --> 01:18:10.106
CINDY: No flowers, no names.

01:18:10.106 --> 01:18:15.236
LEAH: All of the wording that's
done here was done without us.

01:18:15.236 --> 01:18:17.447
MARILYN: The government
has a register

01:18:17.447 --> 01:18:20.534
that has all the numbers
and the name right beside it.

01:18:20.534 --> 01:18:21.577
It was easy to find it.

01:18:21.577 --> 01:18:24.370
The government
has known forever.

01:18:24.370 --> 01:18:26.206
George Shepherd.

01:18:26.206 --> 01:18:27.123
CINDY: Oh, yes.

01:18:27.123 --> 01:18:30.628
MARILYN: Somebody gave
him that name, you know?

01:18:30.628 --> 01:18:31.252
Not a number.

01:18:31.252 --> 01:18:33.296
Mary-Ann Smith,
that's her grave.

01:18:33.296 --> 01:18:35.048
She should be remembered.
CINDY: Yes.

01:18:35.048 --> 01:18:37.593
BARRI: So Remember Every Name
set out to create

01:18:37.593 --> 01:18:39.719
their own cemetery monument.

01:18:39.719 --> 01:18:44.140
DEBBIE: We felt that it was
important to have survivors

01:18:44.140 --> 01:18:48.604
tell their story
through this monument.

01:18:50.855 --> 01:18:53.692
[crows cawing]

01:18:55.569 --> 01:18:58.738
DEBBIE: Crows
are watching us today.

01:18:58.738 --> 01:19:00.114
BETTY: The crows were outside,

01:19:00.114 --> 01:19:03.117
and they were very close to us.

01:19:03.117 --> 01:19:04.244
BEV: They were protecting us

01:19:04.244 --> 01:19:07.581
because they were
all around us, eh?

01:19:07.581 --> 01:19:11.125
BETTY: They knew what went on.

01:19:11.125 --> 01:19:14.796
BARRI: Remember Every Name
used funds from the class action

01:19:14.796 --> 01:19:17.799
to hire a renowned sculptor.

01:19:17.799 --> 01:19:20.385
MAN: Ah, hello!
WOMAN: Beautiful!

01:19:20.385 --> 01:19:22.887
HILARY: People have thought
of words that describe

01:19:22.887 --> 01:19:26.725
their experience, and I invite
you to offer some more,

01:19:26.725 --> 01:19:27.601
if you wish.

01:19:27.601 --> 01:19:29.645
DEBBIE: The word, freedom.

01:19:29.645 --> 01:19:31.062
HAROLD: Oh yeah, definitely.

01:19:31.062 --> 01:19:32.438
DEBBIE: Trust.
HAROLD: Yeah, yeah.

01:19:32.438 --> 01:19:35.233
ANTOINETTE: Yes.
To be trusted.

01:19:35.233 --> 01:19:36.943
LEAH: Believe our stories.

01:19:36.943 --> 01:19:38.654
ALL: Yes.
Oh, yes!

01:19:38.654 --> 01:19:39.697
LEAH: Fly away.

01:19:39.697 --> 01:19:42.282
CARRIEANNE: Fly away, yeah.
Fly away.

01:19:42.282 --> 01:19:43.992
LEAH: Tear it down.
ALL: Yes!

01:19:43.992 --> 01:19:46.786
ALL: Yeah!
Hell, yeah!

01:19:46.786 --> 01:19:48.496
ANTOINETTE: Set a bomb on it!

01:19:48.496 --> 01:19:50.999
CARRIEANNE: Burn it in a fire!

01:19:53.084 --> 01:19:57.297
[clanging sound]

01:19:57.297 --> 01:20:00.718
HILARY: I remember driving by
the Huronia Regional Centre,

01:20:00.718 --> 01:20:04.053
and I would always say
to my parents, "What is that?"

01:20:04.053 --> 01:20:06.431
And they'd say,
"It's a hospital."

01:20:06.431 --> 01:20:10.184
Well, it was
far from a hospital.

01:20:10.184 --> 01:20:15.064
I want people to drive by
like I did with my dad,

01:20:15.064 --> 01:20:19.152
and have the buildings gone,

01:20:19.152 --> 01:20:21.863
and this standing in victory,

01:20:21.863 --> 01:20:26.284
because they
will not be forgotten.

01:20:29.454 --> 01:20:33.333
[traffic rumbling]

01:20:35.001 --> 01:20:38.589
[crane whirring]

01:20:48.682 --> 01:20:52.101
MAN: Pipe goes that way?

01:20:55.104 --> 01:20:58.024
HAROLD: Yeah!

01:20:58.024 --> 01:20:59.859
CINDY: Yes!

01:20:59.859 --> 01:21:04.364
CINDY: These are our words.
Believe our stories.

01:21:04.364 --> 01:21:07.367
Uh, hope and love,
locked away,

01:21:07.367 --> 01:21:10.203
and never forget.

01:21:10.203 --> 01:21:15.291
We have a name, not a number.

01:21:15.291 --> 01:21:18.211
[sparks crackling]

01:21:18.211 --> 01:21:20.922
HILARY: So the last thing
that we're going to do,

01:21:20.922 --> 01:21:25.468
we're going to
bolt the crows on.

01:21:25.468 --> 01:21:30.264
I was extremely emotional,
which I wasn't expecting.

01:21:30.264 --> 01:21:32.934
HAROLD: Tomorrow is
gonna be a happy day.

01:21:32.934 --> 01:21:36.020
CINDY: Fantastic.

01:21:42.235 --> 01:21:45.279
[motorcycle rumbling]

01:21:45.279 --> 01:21:48.241
[insects buzzing]

01:21:53.496 --> 01:21:56.667
CARRIEANNE: Put this between
and lift up.

01:21:56.667 --> 01:21:58.627
There's a spot in here...

01:21:58.627 --> 01:22:00.796
MARSHALL: Hey, Bare!
BARRI: Hello.

01:22:00.796 --> 01:22:02.046
BARRI: Harold's a survivor.

01:22:02.046 --> 01:22:03.923
He was there when
our brothers were there.

01:22:03.923 --> 01:22:05.676
MARSHALL: You remember Alfred?
Yeah?

01:22:05.676 --> 01:22:08.970
BARRI: They called him Chicky.
HAROLD: Yeah.

01:22:08.970 --> 01:22:10.848
[crowd chattering]

01:22:10.848 --> 01:22:12.974
BETTY: I'm Betty, Betty Bond.
MARSHALL: Hi, Betty.

01:22:12.974 --> 01:22:13.767
How are you?
BETTY: Good.

01:22:13.767 --> 01:22:16.477
MARSHALL: Do you remember
my brother, Alfred Cohen?

01:22:16.477 --> 01:22:17.103
WOMAN: '62.

01:22:17.103 --> 01:22:19.480
BEV: That name sounds
familiar, it does.

01:22:19.480 --> 01:22:21.525
ADELE: Can we have
a hot date together?

01:22:21.525 --> 01:22:22.526
BRIAN: No.
ADELE: No?

01:22:22.526 --> 01:22:24.485
BRIAN: My wife wouldn't like it.
ADELE: [laughs]

01:22:24.485 --> 01:22:26.195
That's mine.
Yeah.

01:22:26.195 --> 01:22:29.282
Samuel, you want to say hello?

01:22:29.282 --> 01:22:31.075
MARSHALL: 1899 to 1971.

01:22:31.075 --> 01:22:35.873
It would have been nice if they
mentioned the word "children."

01:22:38.584 --> 01:22:40.752
ADELE: Good to see you.

01:22:40.752 --> 01:22:41.712
BARRI: Hi, Samuel.

01:22:41.712 --> 01:22:44.673
MARSHALL: Hi, Samuel.
ADELE: Say hi.

01:22:44.673 --> 01:22:46.132
No, don't say hi?

01:22:46.132 --> 01:22:48.301
BARRI: Hi!
Are you being shy?

01:22:48.301 --> 01:22:50.261
[crow cawing]

01:22:50.261 --> 01:22:55.391
[violin playing]

01:22:55.391 --> 01:22:57.977
[violin playing]

01:22:57.977 --> 01:23:01.857
[crowd chattering]

01:23:08.655 --> 01:23:11.449
[applause]

01:23:11.449 --> 01:23:15.579
BEV: We are meeting on land
that has been inhabited

01:23:15.579 --> 01:23:20.374
by Indigenous peoples
for a very long time,

01:23:20.374 --> 01:23:22.586
and before this institution

01:23:22.586 --> 01:23:27.006
called Huronia
Regional Centre was built.

01:23:27.006 --> 01:23:29.300
BETTY: We would
like to recognize

01:23:29.300 --> 01:23:32.513
two courageous women:

01:23:32.513 --> 01:23:36.182
Patricia Seth,
Marie Slark,

01:23:36.182 --> 01:23:42.438
who were the lead plaintiffs
of the HRC class action suit.

01:23:42.438 --> 01:23:44.650
[applause]

01:23:44.650 --> 01:23:47.736
CROWD: One, two, three!

01:23:49.278 --> 01:23:50.404
[applause]

01:23:50.404 --> 01:23:52.114
CINDY: We are
so proud of it today.

01:23:52.114 --> 01:23:54.785
The monument, all the survivors.

01:23:54.785 --> 01:23:57.829
We did it.
We made it.

01:23:57.829 --> 01:24:00.373
HAROLD: Hallelujah!
CROWD: Yeah!

01:24:00.373 --> 01:24:01.040
[applause]

01:24:01.040 --> 01:24:04.502
WOMAN: Hallelujah,
praise the Lord!

01:24:07.881 --> 01:24:09.675
PATRICIA: I'm impressed.

01:24:09.675 --> 01:24:12.051
It speaks volumes

01:24:12.051 --> 01:24:13.512
about the background

01:24:13.512 --> 01:24:16.014
of what we went through
and everything,

01:24:16.014 --> 01:24:16.682
not having roots,

01:24:16.682 --> 01:24:22.353
but yet that we're being held
down by gravity to this earth.

01:24:22.353 --> 01:24:23.772
CINDY: For you, a survivor.

01:24:23.772 --> 01:24:27.025
BETTY: Hey, hey, thank you.
That's awesome.

01:24:27.025 --> 01:24:30.319
DEBBIE: The legacy of
Remember Every Name

01:24:30.319 --> 01:24:32.071
is to understand

01:24:32.071 --> 01:24:36.409
why you don't do this to people.

01:24:36.409 --> 01:24:38.870
You just don't
do this to people.

01:24:38.870 --> 01:24:42.749
[woman singing
Psalm 23 in Hebrew]

01:24:42.749 --> 01:24:44.500
BETTY: We don't want
to live in the past,

01:24:44.500 --> 01:24:46.252
but we're not
gonna forget our past,

01:24:46.252 --> 01:24:48.170
because that's part of us.

01:24:48.170 --> 01:24:49.422
Eh, Bev?

01:24:49.422 --> 01:24:50.464
BEV: Yeah.

01:24:50.464 --> 01:24:55.428
[singing continues]

01:24:55.428 --> 01:24:59.641
[singing continues]

01:24:59.641 --> 01:25:06.439
[singing continues]

01:25:06.439 --> 01:25:11.069
[singing continues]

01:25:11.069 --> 01:25:14.031
BARRI: Our father
suffered a lot of loss,

01:25:14.031 --> 01:25:16.700
and he was a man of his time,

01:25:16.700 --> 01:25:21.120
where a world of fear and shame
decided who was fully human,

01:25:21.120 --> 01:25:25.792
and who was not,
and who we got to love.

01:25:25.792 --> 01:25:27.961
From the survivors' own example,

01:25:27.961 --> 01:25:31.380
I only hope that world
keeps evolving.

01:25:31.380 --> 01:25:34.593
As it happens,
today is Dad's birthday.

01:25:34.593 --> 01:25:39.097
So let us do for our brothers
what Dad couldn't do,

01:25:39.097 --> 01:25:41.349
and honour them.

01:25:41.349 --> 01:25:43.434
RABBI WEISS: This is
a difficult mourning,

01:25:43.434 --> 01:25:46.688
but also a mourning of blessing

01:25:46.688 --> 01:25:49.524
to effect some "Tikkun."

01:25:49.524 --> 01:25:54.655
To in a small, small way,
to repair some of the feelings

01:25:54.655 --> 01:25:58.407
and some of the damage
that was done.

01:25:58.407 --> 01:26:00.493
You bore witness to Huronia.

01:26:00.493 --> 01:26:01.787
Your lives were short.

01:26:01.787 --> 01:26:03.789
Your memory forever with us.

01:26:03.789 --> 01:26:08.794
Brothers together,
no longer lost and alone.

01:26:08.794 --> 01:26:10.545
May they rest in peace.

01:26:10.545 --> 01:26:13.840
And let us say Amen.

01:26:13.840 --> 01:26:19.763
[speaking Hebrew prayer
for the dead, the Kaddish.]

01:26:29.981 --> 01:26:32.025
ADELE: Dear Alfie and Louis,

01:26:32.025 --> 01:26:36.863
you are my two brothers
that I didn't get to know.

01:26:36.863 --> 01:26:39.448
I hope that whatever you are,

01:26:39.448 --> 01:26:43.912
that you are both
safe and at peace.

01:27:16.695 --> 01:27:20.239
PATRICIA: Those buildings
are so frightening!

01:27:20.239 --> 01:27:20.741
BEV: Yeah.

01:27:20.741 --> 01:27:24.161
DEBBIE: They want it
all torn down.

01:27:24.161 --> 01:27:29.082
BRIAN: I want it
knocked down so bad.

01:27:29.082 --> 01:27:32.544
CINDY: Tear it down.

01:27:34.212 --> 01:27:37.841
BARRI: If they created nursing
homes and long term care there,

01:27:37.841 --> 01:27:40.177
what do you think?