00:39.106 --> 00:42.610
[GWYNNE DYER]: WE HUMAN BEINGS
HAVE TAKEN OVER THE WHOLE PLANET

00:42.609 --> 00:45.112
BUT NOW WE MUST
LEARN TO SHARE IT,

00:45.112 --> 00:47.615
OR ELSE WE WILL LOSE IT.

00:47.614 --> 00:50.117
WE HAVE TO OUTGROW TRIBALISM,

00:50.117 --> 00:52.620
PATRIARCHY, ALL OUR OLD WAYS

00:52.619 --> 00:55.122
AND WE HAVE TO MOVE FAST

00:55.122 --> 00:57.625
BECAUSE WE’RE
RUNNING OUT OF TIME.

01:44.671 --> 01:47.174
OAXACA STATE IN
THE SOUTH OF MEXICO,

01:47.174 --> 01:50.177
WHERE LIFE HASN’T CHANGED
MUCH FOR CENTURIES...

01:50.177 --> 01:52.179
UNTIL RECENTLY.

02:03.190 --> 02:06.694
THIS LITTLE SHOW IS PART OF
THE MISS UNIVERSE PAGEANT,

02:06.693 --> 02:11.198
A BEVY OF INTERNATIONAL
BEAUTIES WHO’VE TAKEN
OVER THE TOWN SQUARE

02:11.198 --> 02:13.200
TO THE AMUSEMENT
OF CURIOUS LOCALS.

02:25.212 --> 02:30.217
SOME HAVE BEEN DRESSED UP
IN NATIVE COSTUMES TO ADD
LOCAL COLOR TO THE SHOW,

02:30.217 --> 02:33.721
THOUGH NOT MANY MEXICANS
REALLY DRESS LIKE THIS ANYMORE

02:34.221 --> 02:37.224
UNLESS THEY’RE BEING PAID
FOR IT BY AN AMERICAN TV CREW

02:37.224 --> 02:40.227
THAT NEEDS TO SHOW THE WORLD
THE USUAL STEREOTYPE OF MEXICO.

02:40.227 --> 02:44.732
-NOW EVERYBODY WILL BE
BEHIND MY CAMERA, PLEASE.

02:44.731 --> 02:47.234
MY CAMERA IS RIGHT BEHIND YOU.

02:47.234 --> 02:50.738
I WOULD LIKE TO ROLL
SO GET OUT OF THE WAY.

02:50.737 --> 02:52.739
-GERMANY?

02:54.741 --> 02:57.244
I NEED MISS GERMANY,
PLEASE! THANK YOU.

02:57.244 --> 02:58.746
AND NETHERLANDS?

02:58.745 --> 03:00.747
-I’M HERE.
-OF COURSE YOU ARE.

03:00.747 --> 03:03.750
WE DON’T NEED CYPRUS NOW.
WE NEED SPAIN OVER HERE.

03:03.750 --> 03:05.752
-EVERYBODY UP, NOW!

03:05.752 --> 03:08.755
MUY FELIZ! MUSICA! AND ACTION!

03:19.766 --> 03:24.271
[GWYNNE DYER]: 30 YEARS AGO
A CANADIAN MEDIA ANALYST
CALLED MARSHALL McLUHAN

03:24.271 --> 03:27.274
CAME UP WITH THE NOTION
OF THE "GLOBAL VILLAGE".

03:27.274 --> 03:29.276
AND HERE WE ARE.

03:29.276 --> 03:33.280
AN AMERICAN FILM CREW SHOOTING A
BUNCH OF WOULD-BE BEAUTY QUEENS
FROM ALL AROUND THE WORLD,

03:33.280 --> 03:35.282
IN A SOUTHERN MEXICAN TOWN...

03:35.282 --> 03:38.786
AND THE WHOLE THING WILL BE
BROADCAST TO THE ENTIRE PLANET.

03:38.785 --> 03:40.787
GLOBAL VILLAGE TELEVISION.

03:40.787 --> 03:45.292
AND YET, THEIR CAMERAS OVER
THERE, AND OUR CAMERA RIGHT
        HERE,

03:45.292 --> 03:49.296
AND ALL THE TELEVISION SETS AT
THE OTHER END ARE TRANSFORMING
THE WORLD.

03:49.296 --> 03:52.299
IT DOESN’T EVEN MATTER WHAT
THEY PUT ON THE SCREEN, REALLY.

03:52.299 --> 03:55.302
THE POINT IS THAT WE CAN SEE
EVERYBODY ELSE IN THE WORLD NOW,

03:55.302 --> 03:57.304
AND THEY CAN ALL SEE US.

03:57.304 --> 04:01.809
THAT’S CHANGING THE WAY WE THINK
ABOUT EACH OTHER, HOW WE BEHAVE,

04:01.808 --> 04:05.312
EVEN OUR CHANCES FOR SHARING
THIS OVERCROWDED PLANET.

04:05.312 --> 04:08.816
ESSENTIALLY, IT IS TURNING
US ALL BACK INTO VILLAGERS.

04:08.815 --> 04:10.817
AND IN SOME VERY SERIOUS WAYS,

04:10.817 --> 04:13.320
VILLAGES ARE DIFFERENT
    FROM CITIES.

04:13.320 --> 04:17.324
WHICH IS JUST AS WELL,
BECAUSE OUR CITIES ARE DYING.

04:56.363 --> 04:59.366
[GWYNNE DYER]: LUIS MANUEL
GUERRA IS A "FLYING ECOLOGIST"

04:59.366 --> 05:03.370
ON MEXICO CITY’S MOST
POPULAR RADIO STATION.

05:03.370 --> 05:06.373
GUERRA IS A CHEMIST AND
ENVIRONMENTAL CRUSADER

05:06.373 --> 05:09.376
WHO SPENDS HIS LIFE
BATTLING MEXICO’S POLLUTION.

05:09.376 --> 05:11.378
AND IT’S A FULL-TIME JOB.

05:16.883 --> 05:19.386
THIS IS THE WORLD’S
MOST POLLUTED CITY.

05:19.386 --> 05:24.391
OZONE POLLUTION SHOULD NOT BREAK
100 MORE THAN 1 DAY A YEAR.

05:24.391 --> 05:28.896
MEXICO CITY BREAKS THAT
LEVEL ALMOST EVERY DAY.

05:29.396 --> 05:31.398
SOME DAYS IT’S CLOSE TO 400.

05:37.404 --> 05:40.407
SCHOOL CHILDREN HERE
SHOULD NOT RUN AT RECESS

05:40.407 --> 05:43.911
BECAUSE BREATHING DEEPLY
DAMAGES THEIR LUNGS.

05:43.910 --> 05:47.914
AND IT’S CLAIMED THAT
THE CITY’S LEAD LEVELS
DEPRESS CHILDREN’S IQs

05:47.914 --> 05:49.916
BY 7 POINTS.

05:53.420 --> 05:55.923
SOME OF THE LEAD
COMES FROM FACTORIES,

05:55.922 --> 05:58.925
BUT MOST COMES
FROM THE CITY’S CARS.

06:05.432 --> 06:08.936
THERE ARE 3 MILLION
CARS IN MEXICO CITY NOW.

06:08.935 --> 06:11.438
THAT WILL DOUBLE
BY THE YEAR 2000,

06:11.438 --> 06:14.441
EMITTING MORE LEAD
AND MORE CARBON DIOXIDE.

06:16.443 --> 06:20.447
THE GLOBAL VILLAGE IS NOT JUST
LINKED BY TELEVISION IMAGES;

06:20.447 --> 06:26.453
IT’S LINKED BY AN ECOSYSTEM THAT
IS BEING PUSHED TO THE LIMIT.

06:32.459 --> 06:36.964
WITH DOZENS OF THIRD WORLD
COUNTRIES INDUSTRIALIZING
AT A HEADLONG PACE,

06:36.963 --> 06:40.467
MEXICO CITY IS A GLIMPSE OF
WHAT THE FUTURE MAY LOOK LIKE.

06:40.467 --> 06:42.469
AND IT SCARES ENVIRONMENTALISTS

06:42.469 --> 06:44.471
LIKE LUIS MANUEL GUERRA.

06:44.471 --> 06:47.474
-WE ARE ON THE BRINK
OF A CATASTROPHE.

06:47.474 --> 06:52.479
MEXICO CITY SHARES SOME OF THE
MOST IMPORTANT AIR POLLUTION

06:52.479 --> 06:55.482
AND WATER POLLUTION
PROBLEMS IN THE WORLD.

06:55.482 --> 06:59.486
AND IF THIS CITY DOESN’T CHANGE
COURSE IN THE NEXT FEW YEARS,

06:59.486 --> 07:03.490
IT’S NOT GOING TO
BE LIVEABLE ANYMORE.

07:15.502 --> 07:17.504
IMAGINE A WHOLE GENERATION,

07:17.504 --> 07:20.507
AND WE ARE TALKING ABOUT 10
MILLION CHILDREN IN THIS CITY,

07:20.507 --> 07:22.509
THAT IS GROWING UP

07:22.509 --> 07:28.515
WITH A SENSE THAT THEY
ARE LIVING IN A CITY
THAT HARMS YOUR HEALTH,

07:28.515 --> 07:32.519
THAT THEY ARE TRAPPED IN
A BUBBLE OF NOXIOUS GASES.

07:32.519 --> 07:39.026
AND THAT OF COURSE IS GOING TO
HAVE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL
AND EDUCATIONAL REPERCUSSIONS

07:39.025 --> 07:41.027
IN THE NEAR FUTURE.

08:00.547 --> 08:02.549
[GWYNNE DYER]:
IN THE PAST DECADE,

08:02.549 --> 08:06.553
THE CITY’S POPULATION HAS
DOUBLED TO 18 MILLION PEOPLE;

08:06.553 --> 08:09.556
BIGGER THAN NEW YORK,
BIGGER THAN TOKYO.

08:09.556 --> 08:15.562
OUR PLANET CHANGED PROFOUNDLY
WHEN COUNTRIES LIKE THE UNITED
STATES AND JAPAN INDUSTRIALIZED,

08:15.562 --> 08:20.067
BUT NOW PRACTICALLY THE
WHOLE WORLD’S DOING IT.

08:22.569 --> 08:26.573
AN IMMENSE MIGRATION IS
POURING INTO THE CITIES
FROM THE RURAL AREAS,

08:26.573 --> 08:29.576
ALL SEEKING THE GOOD
LIFE THEY SEE ON TV.

08:37.584 --> 08:43.090
THE 1st GENERATION IN THE CITIES
DOES WHATEVER IT CAN TO SURVIVE.

08:43.089 --> 08:46.092
HALF A MILLION STREET
HAWKERS IN MEXICO CITY

08:46.092 --> 08:50.597
SELL EVERYTHING FROM
COTTON CANDY AND CHICLETS
TO ELECTRIC CAN OPENERS.

09:09.616 --> 09:14.121
SOME PEOPLE ON THE OUTSKIRTS
OF MEXICO CITY LIVE
IN GARBAGE DUMPS

09:14.120 --> 09:19.626
WHERE THEY EARN A LIVING
BY SCAVENGING THE ENORMOUS
WASTE GENERATED BY THE CITY.

09:19.626 --> 09:23.630
BUT MANY OF THEM WILL EVENTUALLY
MOVE ON TO BETTER JOBS,

09:23.630 --> 09:25.632
OR AT LEAST THEIR KIDS WILL.

09:25.632 --> 09:29.636
HUMAN BEINGS HAVE BEEN
DOWN THIS PATH BEFORE.

09:29.636 --> 09:33.640
WE’VE JUST NEVER DONE
IT ON THIS SCALE BEFORE.

09:36.643 --> 09:41.148
THERE WILL BE 5 CITIES IN
THE WORLD AS BIG AS THIS
ONE BY THE END OF THE DECADE.

09:41.147 --> 09:45.151
AND DOZENS MORE WITH OVER
10 MILLION PEOPLE EACH.

09:49.656 --> 09:53.660
THROUGHOUT THE THIRD
WORLD, THEIR WASTE IS
POLLUTING WATERWAYS...

09:53.660 --> 09:55.662
AND POISONING FORESTS, FARMLAND

09:55.662 --> 09:58.165
AND ANYTHING ELSE
THAT GETS IN THE WAY.

10:05.672 --> 10:08.175
-MEXICO CITY’S PROBLEMS
    ARE NOT UNIQUE.

10:08.174 --> 10:12.679
THEY ARE A MICROCOSM OF WHAT
HAPPENS EVERYWHERE IN THE WORLD

10:12.679 --> 10:17.184
IF YOU DISREGARD THE PROTECTION
OF NATURE IN FAVOUR OF A RAPID
GROWTH.

10:17.183 --> 10:19.185
IF WE DEVELOP MORE HARMONIOUSLY,

10:19.185 --> 10:25.191
WE CAN STOP CITIES BECOMING
LIKE MANILA, MEXICO CITY,
DJAKARTA, CAIRO AND SO ON,

10:25.191 --> 10:28.695
THAT ARE AN EXAMPLE OF HOW
NOT TO PLAN AND JUST GROW.

10:28.695 --> 10:31.698
[GWYNNE DYER]: 10 YEARS AGO,

10:31.698 --> 10:35.202
GUERRA WAS HEAD CHEMIST AT
MERCK SHARPE PHARMACEUTICALS
IN MEXICO,

10:35.201 --> 10:37.704
BUT HE GAVE UP HIS JOB

10:37.704 --> 10:41.708
AND HIS SALARY TO TAKE ON
HIS COUNTRY’S GROWING
POLLUTION CRISIS.

10:41.708 --> 10:45.212
HE STARTED THE AUTONOMOUS
 ECOLOGICAL INSTITUTE,

10:45.211 --> 10:48.715
NOW MEXICO CITY’S BEST-KNOWN
ENVIRONMENTAL WATCHDOG.

10:48.715 --> 10:52.719
IT TAKES INDEPENDENT
DAILY POLLUTION READINGS;

10:52.719 --> 10:54.721
PARTLY TO KEEP THE
GOVERNMENT HONEST,

10:54.721 --> 11:00.227
AND PARTLY TO SPREAD AWARENESS
TO A NATION JUST LEARNING THE
DANGERS OF POLLUTION.

11:00.226 --> 11:02.729
GUERRA KNOWS THE DANGERS WELL.

11:02.729 --> 11:05.732
SOME YEARS AGO, HE DISCOVERED
THAT HIS OWN DAUGHTER

11:05.732 --> 11:08.735
HAD DANGEROUSLY HIGH
LEAD LEVELS IN HER BRAIN.

11:11.237 --> 11:15.241
TO PROTECT HER, HIS FAMILY FLED
TO THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE CITY.

11:23.750 --> 11:27.254
THEY BUILT THEMSELVES A SMALL
REFUGE THAT SEEMS ALMOST SURREAL

11:27.253 --> 11:31.758
IN THE CONTEXT OF MEXICO CITY:
A SELF-SUSTAINING HOUSE

11:32.258 --> 11:36.763
RUN ENTIRELY ON RAINWATER,
WIND AND SOLAR POWER.

11:36.763 --> 11:40.267
THE BACK YARD LOOKS
LIKE NOAH’S ARK.

11:40.266 --> 11:45.772
GUERRA CHOOSES TO LIVE LIKE
THIS TO SET AN EXAMPLE.

11:45.772 --> 11:49.776
BUT EVENTUALLY, HE BELIEVES, WE
WILL ALL HAVE TO LIVE LIKE THIS.

11:52.779 --> 11:56.783
-YOU HAVE TO BE VERY RATIONAL
WITH THE USE OF ENERGY.

11:56.783 --> 12:01.288
FOR EXAMPLE, YOU CANNOT HAVE
A TELEVISION SET ON, ALL THE
LIGHTS IN THE HOUSE ON,

12:01.287 --> 12:03.790
AND AT THE SAME TIME
USING THE BLENDER.

12:03.790 --> 12:05.792
THE SYSTEM WON’T ALLOW FOR THAT.

12:05.792 --> 12:08.795
SO YOU HAVE TO BE AWARE
THAT IF YOU USE THE BLENDER,

12:08.795 --> 12:11.298
YOU CANNOT WATCH AT THE
SAME TIME TELEVISION...

12:11.297 --> 12:14.300
AND THEN YOU GET A VISION
OF HOW THE FUTURE WILL BE.

12:20.807 --> 12:23.310
[GWYNNE DYER]: GUERRA
ADVISES EVERYONE FROM IBM

12:23.309 --> 12:28.815
TO MEXICAN GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
ON POLLUTION CONTROL.

12:28.815 --> 12:31.818
TODAY, HE’S WITH
AEROMEXICO EXECUTIVES,

12:31.818 --> 12:36.323
TRANSLATING A VIDEO ON
AIRLINE POLLUTION FROM
THE ORIGINAL GERMAN.

12:46.332 --> 12:50.837
MEXICO’S GOVERNMENT IS FINALLY
TACKLING THE COUNTRY’S
ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS.

12:50.837 --> 12:54.841
BUT THE DESPERATE NEED FOR
JOBS MEANS THE AUTHORITIES
CAN’T BE TOO STRICT.

12:59.846 --> 13:02.849
THEY’VE MADE CATALYTIC
CONVERTERS MANDATORY IN BUSES

13:02.849 --> 13:06.353
AND A FLEET OF GREEN
VOLKSWAGEN ECO-CABS,

13:06.352 --> 13:10.857
BUT PRIVATE CAR DRIVERS
DON’T HAVE TO SWITCH OVER
UNTIL THEY BUY A NEW CAR.

13:10.857 --> 13:14.361
THE TRANSITION WILL
TAKE ANOTHER 15 YEARS.

13:17.363 --> 13:21.868
THE CITY HAS EVEN PASSED
A LAW REQUIRING EACH CAR
    TO BE REGISTERED

13:21.868 --> 13:24.371
AND KEPT OFF THE
ROAD ONE DAY A WEEK,

13:24.370 --> 13:27.373
BUT MANY PEOPLE JUST BUY
A 2nd CAR FOR THAT DAY,

13:27.373 --> 13:30.877
USUALLY AN OLD ONE
THAT POLLUTES EVEN MORE.

13:30.877 --> 13:34.881
EVERYBODY SEEMS TO HAVE A FEW
HUNDRED DOLLARS FOR TODAY’S CAR,

13:34.881 --> 13:38.385
AND BIG IDEAS FOR THE NEXT ONE.

13:38.885 --> 13:47.394
[THEY’RE TALKING
ABOUT CARS IN SPANISH.]

13:57.403 --> 13:59.405
YOU CAN’T REALLY
BLAME THE MEXICANS.

13:59.405 --> 14:01.407
THE MENTALITY HERE REMINDS YOU

14:01.407 --> 14:03.910
OF NORTH AMERICA IN THE 1950’s,

14:03.910 --> 14:07.914
WHEN CHROME-PLATED CARS WERE
THE KEYS TO THE GOOD LIFE.

14:07.914 --> 14:10.917
AND THE GOOD LIFE DID
ARRIVE, AFTER A FASHION.

14:11.417 --> 14:14.420
ABOUT ONE-FIFTH OF THE WORLD’S
PEOPLE NOW HAVE THEIR OWN CARS,

14:14.921 --> 14:16.923
TVs, FRIDGES AND MICROWAVES.

14:16.923 --> 14:18.925
AND COLLECTIVELY

14:18.925 --> 14:20.927
THESE BILLION FIRST WORLD PEOPLE

14:20.927 --> 14:24.931
ACCOUNT FOR FOUR-FIFTHS OF
THE CONSUMPTION IN THE WORLD.

14:31.938 --> 14:35.442
BUT NOW THE REST OF THE HUMAN
RACE IS CHASING THE SAME GOALS,

14:35.942 --> 14:37.944
AND A LOT OF THEM
ARE GOING TO MAKE IT.

14:37.944 --> 14:41.448
WHICH POSES SOME SERIOUS
PROBLEMS, IF YOU DO
A LITTLE ARITHMETIC.

14:45.952 --> 14:48.955
ONLY 1 MEXICAN IN
8 OWNS A CAR TODAY.

14:48.955 --> 14:54.461
AND COUNTRIES LIKE BRAZIL,
AND RUSSIA AND KOREA FALL
IN ABOUT THE SAME RANGE.

14:54.460 --> 14:57.463
NOT 1 CHINESE IN
100 OWNS A CAR YET,

14:57.463 --> 14:59.966
AND THE SAME IS TRUE
FOR INDIA AND INDONESIA.

14:59.966 --> 15:01.968
BUT IN 20 OR 30 YEARS,

15:01.968 --> 15:04.971
WE COULD BE SEEING FIRST
WORLD RATES OF CAR OWNERSHIP -

15:04.971 --> 15:06.973
THAT’S A CAR FOR
EVERY COUPLE OF PEOPLE -

15:06.973 --> 15:09.476
IN MOST OF THE BIG
THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES.

15:09.475 --> 15:12.979
NOT JUST CARS EITHER
BUT THE WHOLE RANGE OF
INDUSTRIAL CONSUMER GOODS.

15:12.979 --> 15:16.483
THERE ARE OVER 10 MILLION
PEOPLE IN MEXICO CITY HERE

15:16.482 --> 15:19.485
WHO HAVEN’T YET BOUGHT THEIR
1st FRIDGE OR AIR CONDITIONER,

15:19.485 --> 15:21.487
LET ALONE THEIR FIRST CAR.

15:21.487 --> 15:23.489
BUT THEY KNOW WHAT THEY WANT.

15:32.498 --> 15:36.002
PEOPLE ALL OVER THE THIRD
WORLD CAN SEE THROUGH OUR
    WINDOWS NOWADAYS,

15:36.002 --> 15:38.004
THANKS TO MODERN MASS MEDIA.

15:38.004 --> 15:39.506
THEY KNOW HOW WE LIVE

15:39.505 --> 15:43.009
AND WHAT WE HAVE,
AND THEY WANT IT TOO.

15:52.518 --> 15:56.522
FAST-FOOD CHAINS KNOW
THAT MOST OF THE OTHER
4 BILLION PEOPLE ON EARTH

15:56.522 --> 15:59.025
WOULD LIKE TO EAT
MEAT EVERY DAY TOO.

15:59.025 --> 16:02.028
BUT THERE ISN’T ENOUGH LAND
TO RAISE THAT MUCH BEEF.

16:02.028 --> 16:06.533
SOMEBODY IS GOING TO HAVE TO
DO WITHOUT THEIR HAMBURGERS.

16:08.534 --> 16:12.538
-WE VIEW TELEVISION AND WE CAN
NOW SEE WHAT HAPPENS IN OTHER
PARTS OF THE WORLD...

16:12.538 --> 16:15.041
AND SUDDENLY, ALL
OF THE WORLD WANTS.

16:15.041 --> 16:19.546
AND THEY WANT TO BLEND
THEIR VEGETABLES IN A BLENDER.

16:19.545 --> 16:23.049
AND THEY WANT TO WASH THEIR
CLOTHES IN A CLOTHES WASHER

16:23.049 --> 16:26.052
SO THAT THE WIFE
CAN HAVE A 2nd INCOME

16:26.052 --> 16:29.055
AND CONTRIBUTE TO THE
WELL-BEING OF THEIR HOME.

16:29.055 --> 16:32.559
WE WANT TO TRAVEL,
WE WANT LEISURE TIME,
WE WANT TO READ BOOKS.

16:32.558 --> 16:35.061
WE WANT TO COMMUNICATE WITH
ALL THE PARTS OF THE WORLD.

16:35.061 --> 16:38.565
WE ARE FASCINATED WITH WHAT
WE CAN DO TODAY WITH INSTANT
COMMUNICATION.

16:38.564 --> 16:41.567
SO THIS ALREADY HAPPENED;
IT’S NOT GOING TO GO BACKWARDS.

16:41.567 --> 16:46.072
THE CHINESE, THE MEXICANS, THE
BRAZILIANS, THE INDONESIANS
WANT TO HAVE THEIR HOME.

16:46.072 --> 16:49.576
THEY WANT TO HAVE THEIR
BASIC NEEDS COVERED,

16:49.575 --> 16:51.577
AND FOR THAT THEY ARE
GOING TO DO ANYTHING.

17:01.087 --> 17:04.090
[GWYNNE DYER]: MALLS ARE
SPREADING THROUGH MEXICO
AND ACROSS THE GLOBE.

17:04.090 --> 17:06.092
AND WHY NOT?

17:13.599 --> 17:17.603
BUT HOW MANY CONSUMERS LIKE
US CAN THE PLANET SURVIVE?

17:25.611 --> 17:28.614
WE’RE GOING TO HAVE TO MAKE
A DEAL WITH THE THIRD WORLD,

17:28.614 --> 17:32.118
AND IT’S GOING TO COST
US MORE THAN MONEY.

17:34.620 --> 17:37.623
PEOPLE HERE WILL ONLY
REFRAIN FROM BUYING CARS

17:37.623 --> 17:40.626
IF PEOPLE IN THE FIRST
WORLD STOP BUYING THEM TOO.

17:40.626 --> 17:42.628
IT’S JUST HUMAN NATURE.

17:42.628 --> 17:48.634
PEOPLE WON’T MAKE
    SACRIFICES UNLESS
EVERYBODY SHARES THE PAIN.

17:48.634 --> 17:52.638
IF WE CAN’T ALL
SHOP TILL WE DROP,

17:52.638 --> 17:54.640
THEN NONE OF US CAN.

17:54.640 --> 17:59.145
WHETHER WE LIVE IN MEXICO
OR CHINA OR ENGLAND.

17:59.145 --> 18:01.147
THIS IS NOT MORALITY.

18:01.147 --> 18:03.149
IT’S THE LOGIC OF SURVIVAL.

18:19.665 --> 18:23.169
WE ARE HEADING FOR A WORLD
WITH THREE BILLION CARS

18:23.169 --> 18:25.672
AND A PERMANENTLY BROWN SKY

18:25.671 --> 18:28.174
UNLESS WE ESTABLISH GLOBAL RULES

18:28.174 --> 18:32.178
LIMITING EVERY COUNTRY TO A SAFE
AND EQUAL LEVEL OF CONSUMPTION.

18:32.178 --> 18:34.681
BUT IF THAT’S WHAT
IT TAKES TO SURVIVE,

18:34.680 --> 18:37.183
THEN IT’S HOPELESS, ISN’T IT?

18:44.690 --> 18:49.695
ALL OF HUMAN HISTORY SHOWS
THAT EVEN INDIVIDUALS WON’T
        COOPERATE,

18:49.695 --> 18:52.198
LET ALONE COUNTRIES.

18:52.198 --> 18:56.202
BUT THAT KIND OF
HISTORY IS ENDING.

18:56.202 --> 18:59.706
THINGS WORK DIFFERENTLY
IN A GLOBAL VILLAGE.

18:59.705 --> 19:02.208
CAUGHT UP IN THE PRESENT,

19:02.208 --> 19:07.714
WE HARDLY NOTICE THAT WE’RE
FINALLY STARTING TO ESCAPE THE
TERRIBLE PATTERNS OF THE PAST.

19:19.225 --> 19:24.731
[GWYNNE DYER]: THIS
IS THE ZOCALO, MEXICO
CITY’S OLDEST SQUARE.

19:24.730 --> 19:28.234
IT’S THE CENTRE OF
THE MEXICAN STATE:

19:28.234 --> 19:32.238
HOME OF THE NATIONAL FLAG,
THE NATIONAL PALACE AND
THE NATIONAL CATHEDRAL.

19:32.238 --> 19:36.743
AND IT’S A WITNESS TO HOW
AWFUL OUR HISTORY HAS BEEN.

19:40.246 --> 19:44.250
THIS SQUARE WAS THE
CENTRE OF STATE POWER
UNDER THE SPANISH EMPIRE

19:44.250 --> 19:47.253
AND UNDER THE AZTEC
EMPIRE BEFORE THAT.

19:47.253 --> 19:51.758
AND THE CEREMONIES THEY
PERFORMED HERE ALWAYS
HAD THE SAME PURPOSE:

19:51.757 --> 19:54.760
TO AWE THE CITIZENS WITH
THE POWER OF THE STATE.

20:00.766 --> 20:02.768
YOU CAN SEE THIS
SORT OF CEREMONY

20:02.768 --> 20:04.770
IN ANY CAPITAL IN THE WORLD -

20:04.770 --> 20:07.773
AND IN TODAY’S MEXICO, IT’S
MOSTLY JUST FOR THE TOURISTS.

20:08.274 --> 20:11.778
BUT THERE’S A LOT OF ASSUMPTIONS
ABOUT POWER BURIED BEHIND THAT
LITTLE RITUAL,

20:11.777 --> 20:15.281
AND THERE’S SOME VERY
SIMILAR ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT
POWER BURIED OVER HERE.

20:15.281 --> 20:18.284
THIS IS THE GREAT
TEMPLE OF TENOCHTITLAN,

20:18.284 --> 20:21.287
AND THE AZTECS WHO BUILT
IT WERE NOT GENTLE PEOPLE.

20:21.287 --> 20:24.791
NEITHER WERE THE SPANIARDS WHO
CONQUERED THEM 500 YEARS AGO

20:24.790 --> 20:27.793
AND DELIBERATELY BUILT THEIR
OWN CAPITAL RIGHT ON TOP OF IT.

20:27.793 --> 20:31.797
THEY WERE ENEMIES, OF
    COURSE, BUT THEY WERE
ALSO BROTHERS UNDER THE SKIN.

20:31.797 --> 20:36.802
TWO BRUTAL TYRANNIES WITH
DIVINELY ORDAINED KINGS AT
THE TOP, SLAVES AT THE BOTTOM,

20:36.802 --> 20:40.806
AND LOTS OF SOLDIERS TO MAKE
SURE THINGS STAYED THAT WAY.

20:47.313 --> 20:50.817
PEOPLE OFTEN THINK THAT
THE NATIVES OF AMERICA
WERE SOMEHOW MORE INNOCENT,

20:50.816 --> 20:53.819
NICER THAN THEIR WICKED
EUROPEAN CONQUERORS.

20:54.320 --> 20:58.825
BUT WHENEVER THE PEOPLE
OF THE NEW WORLD CREATED
    A MASS SOCIETY,

20:58.824 --> 21:01.327
ONE WITH MORE THAN A
MILLION PEOPLE IN IT,

21:01.327 --> 21:04.831
THEY FOLLOWED EXACTLY THE
SAME PATTERN AS EVERYBODY ELSE.

21:11.337 --> 21:15.341
THE AZTECS HAD LESS TECHNOLOGY
THAN THE SPANISH SO THEY LOST.

21:15.341 --> 21:18.845
BUT THEY WERE JUST AS CRUEL,
JUST AS HIERARCHICAL.

21:19.345 --> 21:22.849
A MILITARIZED NOBILITY
RAN EVERYTHING,

21:22.848 --> 21:26.852
WHILE ORDINARY MEN HAD FEW
RIGHTS AND WOMEN HAD NONE.

21:31.857 --> 21:36.362
THE CHINESE, THE TURKS,
THE ZULUS, ALL THE MASS
SOCIETIES WERE THE SAME:

21:36.362 --> 21:40.867
TYRANNIES THAT KEPT THEIR
    SUBJECTS IN LINE
    BY SHEER TERROR.

21:40.866 --> 21:48.374
SO HOW CAN WE TALK
    OF SHARING AND MUTUAL
SACRIFICE TO PRESERVE THE PLANET

21:48.374 --> 21:51.878
WHEN THERE’S BEEN SO
LITTLE SHARING IN THE PAST?

21:51.877 --> 21:56.882
WHY WOULD HUMAN BEINGS
SUDDENLY CHANGE THEIR WAYS?

21:58.884 --> 22:01.387
BECAUSE IT ISN’T JUST INSTINCT:

22:01.387 --> 22:04.390
THERE’S A REASON WHY
OUR PAST WAS SO TERRIBLE.

22:11.397 --> 22:16.402
UNTIL RECENTLY, THE ONLY
WAY YOU COULD RUN A MASS
SOCIETY WAS FROM THE TOP DOWN,

22:16.402 --> 22:18.404
AS A DICTATORSHIP.

22:18.404 --> 22:23.409
THE AZTECS AND SPANIARDS
AND OTHER MASS SOCIETIES OF
THE PAST REALLY HAD NO CHOICE

22:23.409 --> 22:25.912
BUT TO RULE BY FORCE.

22:25.911 --> 22:28.914
DEMOCRACY WAS IMPOSSIBLE

22:28.914 --> 22:33.919
BECAUSE MILLIONS OF PEOPLE
COULDN’T TALK THINGS OVER AND
MAKE DECISIONS BY THEMSELVES.

22:36.422 --> 22:39.926
UNTIL TECHNOLOGY
CHANGED THE RULES.

22:43.929 --> 22:47.433
THE DEVICE THAT ALTERED HISTORY
WAS THE PRINTING PRESS,

22:47.433 --> 22:49.936
THE FIRST MEANS OF
MASS COMMUNICATION.

22:49.935 --> 22:51.937
IT CHANGED HUMAN LIFE
MORE DRAMATICALLY

22:52.438 --> 22:54.941
THAN THE WHEEL.

22:54.940 --> 22:59.945
FOR THE FIRST TIME, IT GAVE
MILLIONS OF PEOPLE ACCESS
TO THE SAME INFORMATION.

22:59.945 --> 23:04.450
IN EFFECT, THEY COULD ALL
TALK TO ONE ANOTHER ABOUT
WHAT WAS ON THEIR MINDS.

23:04.450 --> 23:09.455
MASS COMMUNICATIONS
MADE DEMOCRACY POSSIBLE
IN MASS SOCIETIES.

23:09.455 --> 23:12.959
IN THE LONG RUN,
THEY MADE IT INEVITABLE.

23:12.958 --> 23:19.965
JUST OVER 200 YEARS AGO, THE
VERY FIRST MASS SOCIETY TURNED
DEMOCRATIC: THE UNITED STATES.

23:19.965 --> 23:21.967
AND IT’S NO COINCIDENCE AT ALL

23:21.967 --> 23:25.971
THAT ABOUT HALF OF THE AMERICANS
ALIVE IN 1776 WERE LITERATE.

23:25.971 --> 23:27.973
FROM THAT DAY TO THIS,

23:27.973 --> 23:31.477
YOU CAN PRETTY WELL PREDICT
WHEN ANY MASS SOCIETY ON THE
PLANET WILL TURN DEMOCRATIC

23:31.477 --> 23:33.479
BY THE FOLLOWING FORMULA:

23:33.479 --> 23:36.983
TAKE THE DATE WHEN 50% OF
THE POPULATION CAN READ,

23:36.982 --> 23:39.985
ADD ONE OR TWO GENERATIONS
FOR THE IDEAS TO FERMENT,

23:39.985 --> 23:42.988
AND OUT COMES DEMOCRACY
    MORE OR LESS.

23:42.988 --> 23:47.993
THOUGH I MUST ADMIT THAT NONE
OF THE EARLY REVOLUTIONS REALLY
GAVE EVERYBODY EQUAL RIGHTS.

23:47.993 --> 23:50.496
OLD HABITS OF THOUGHT DIE HARD,

23:50.496 --> 23:54.500
AND EVEN IN THE UNITED
STATES, EQUAL RIGHTS WERE
ONLY FOR WHITE MALES AT FIRST.

23:54.500 --> 24:00.506
BUT THEN THE LIST OF PEOPLE
WHO SHOULD BE TREATED EQUALLY
STARTED TO GROW.

24:00.506 --> 24:05.011
IF ALL WHITE MALES HAD EQUAL
RIGHTS, WHY NOT SLAVES?

24:05.010 --> 24:07.012
WHY NOT WOMEN?

24:07.012 --> 24:09.515
WHY NOT EVEN THE POOR?

24:09.515 --> 24:13.519
THE IDEA OF EQUAL RIGHTS
FOR EVERYBODY WAS SO SENSIBLE

24:13.519 --> 24:18.024
THAT IT WAS SOON CAUSING
REVOLUTIONS EVEN IN COUNTRIES
WITHOUT ENOUGH LITERATE PEOPLE

24:18.023 --> 24:21.026
TO SUPPORT A REAL DEMOCRACY.

24:21.026 --> 24:24.530
MEXICO, FOR EXAMPLE.

24:28.033 --> 24:34.540
A MILLION PEOPLE DIED
IN THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION
THAT STARTED IN 1910.

24:34.540 --> 24:40.546
BUT MOST MEXICANS COULDN’T READ,
SO REAL DEMOCRACY
WAS IMPOSSIBLE.

24:41.046 --> 24:45.551
THEY WOUND UP WITH
A SINGLE-PARTY REGIME
THAT TALKED ABOUT EQUALITY,

24:45.551 --> 24:50.556
BUT KEPT THE POWER AND
PRIVILEGES FOR ITSELF.

24:50.556 --> 24:53.559
IT WAS THE SAME SAD STORY
ACROSS HALF THE WORLD,

24:53.559 --> 24:55.561
FROM RUSSIA TO NICARAGUA,

24:55.561 --> 24:58.564
UNTIL A DIFFERENT KIND
OF REVOLUTION HAPPENED.

24:58.564 --> 25:01.567
THE COMMUNICATIONS REVOLUTION.

25:01.567 --> 25:05.071
AND TECHNOLOGY
AMBUSHED US AGAIN.

25:17.082 --> 25:20.085
THIS IS SANTA INES DE MONTE -

25:20.085 --> 25:23.088
A TINY VILLAGE IN THE REMOTE
SOUTHERN PROVINCE OF OAXACA.

25:27.092 --> 25:31.096
THERE’S NOT EVEN ENOUGH SPACE
FOR THE USUAL SOCCER FIELD -

25:31.096 --> 25:34.600
JUST A BASKETBALL COURT THAT
DOUBLES AS THE TOWN DANCE HALL.

25:34.600 --> 25:43.109
SANTA INES IS THE KIND
    OF PLACE WHERE HALF THE
WORLD’S POPULATION STILL LIVES,

25:43.108 --> 25:48.614
ONE FOOT IN THE 16th CENTURY,
THE OTHER POISED AT THE 21st.

25:53.619 --> 25:58.124
OUTSIDERS WOULD CALL
IT "UNSPOILED" - BUT FOR
THE PEOPLE WHO LIVE HERE,

25:58.123 --> 26:02.127
LIFE HAS ALWAYS BEEN
DOMINATED BY HARD WORK,
POVERTY AND IGNORANCE.

26:05.130 --> 26:07.132
UNTIL A FEW YEARS AGO,

26:07.132 --> 26:11.136
THE CLOSEST THING TO
A MASS MEDIUM IN THIS
TOWN WAS A BLACKBOARD.

26:24.650 --> 26:26.652
BUT THINGS ARE CHANGING HERE

26:26.652 --> 26:30.656
SINCE DEMETRIOS MORALES
RETURNED FROM WORK IN
THE NORTH SOME YEARS AGO,

26:30.656 --> 26:36.162
AND REALIZED HIS VILLAGE
HAD BEEN LEFT BEHIND
BY THE MODERN WORLD.

27:06.692 --> 27:10.696
DEMETRIOS GOT THE VILLAGERS
TO PETITION THE GOVERNMENT
    FOR ELECTRICITY.

27:10.696 --> 27:15.201
AND 6 YEARS AGO, TO THEIR
SURPRISE, POWER ARRIVED IN TOWN.

27:19.204 --> 27:26.211
SO DID THE BILLS THAT DEMETRIOS
COLLECTS EACH WEEK AS THE TOWN’S
COMMISSIONER OF ELECTRICITY.

27:26.211 --> 27:29.214
POWER LINES FORCED PEOPLE

27:29.214 --> 27:33.719
TO MOVE THEIR HOMES
    CLOSER TOGETHER AND
UNITED THEM AS A COMMUNITY.

27:33.719 --> 27:37.723
SO THEY APPLIED FOR STATUS AS
A TOWN AND ALL THE BENEFITS
THAT COME WITH IT.

27:37.723 --> 27:42.728
A CITY HALL, A REAL SCHOOL,

27:42.728 --> 27:47.233
EVEN A SMALL PAVED ROAD THAT
STOPS AT THE TOWN’S ENTRANCE.

27:54.740 --> 27:58.244
FOR CENTURIES, THE ONLY FUEL
IN THE AREA WAS FIREWOOD.

27:58.744 --> 28:02.748
AND THE FORESTS PAID THE
PRICE, AS THEY DO IN MUCH
OF THE THIRD WORLD.

28:02.748 --> 28:06.752
YOU CAN’T BLAME PEOPLE FOR
DOING WHAT THEY MUST TO SURVIVE.

28:13.258 --> 28:17.763
THE ARRIVAL OF ELECTRICITY AND
GAS HAS OFFERED ALTERNATIVES.

28:17.763 --> 28:21.767
IT HAS ALSO MADE LIFE
MUCH BETTER FOR PEOPLE
LIKE DEMETRIOS’S DAUGHTER.

28:24.269 --> 28:26.271
LIKE MOST WOMEN IN SANTA INES,

28:26.271 --> 28:29.775
SHE USED TO SPEND HER DAY
BURNING WOOD IN A SMOKY KITCHEN.

28:32.277 --> 28:34.780
CONSTANTLY BREATHING THE SMOKE

28:34.780 --> 28:36.782
KILLED MANY WOMEN YOUNG HERE -

28:36.782 --> 28:40.786
AND A SMALL GAS BURNER
HAS PROBABLY ADDED
YEARS TO HER LIFE.

28:58.303 --> 29:01.306
[GWYNNE DYER]: BUT THE BIGGEST
CHANGE IS THE SMALL SQUARE BOX

29:01.306 --> 29:04.810
AND ITS IMPACT ON THE CHILDREN.

29:04.810 --> 29:08.814
IT’S TAKING THEM OUT OF
THEIR LITTLE ENCLOSED WORLD

29:08.814 --> 29:14.320
AND GIVING THEM A GLIMPSE
NOT JUST OF WHAT THEY MIGHT
HAVE, BUT OF WHAT THEY MIGHT BE.

29:16.321 --> 29:20.826
THEIR PARENTS WERE PEASANTS AND
FARMERS - BUT LISTEN TO THEM...

30:02.367 --> 30:04.870
[GWYNNE DYER]: AFTER HUNDREDS
OF YEARS OF SOLITUDE,

30:04.870 --> 30:09.875
A POST OFFICE AND A
    LONG-DISTANCE PHONE LINE
HAVE JUST ARRIVED IN SANTA INES.

30:12.878 --> 30:17.883
SOMETHING NEW SEEMS TO SHOW
UP IN TOWN ALMOST EVERY DAY.

30:21.887 --> 30:24.390
THIS IS SANTA INES’S
FIRST ROCK BAND -

30:24.890 --> 30:27.893
BRISTLING WITH EQUIPMENT
THEY ORDERED FROM THE NORTH.

30:28.393 --> 30:32.397
AND THIS IS THEIR
FIRST PUBLIC CONCERT.

31:05.931 --> 31:09.435
TELEVISION IS SPEEDING THE
CHANGES IN THE WORLD ENORMOUSLY.

31:09.434 --> 31:16.441
THE MORE YOU KNOW, THE
MORE YOU WANT: MORE GOODS,
MORE SERVICES, MORE RIGHTS.

31:20.445 --> 31:24.950
IT’S CLOSING THE AGE-OLD
GAP BETWEEN CITY AND
VILLAGE IN INFORMATION.

31:24.950 --> 31:27.453
IT LETS EVERYBODY IN ON
THE POLITICAL DISCUSSION,

31:27.452 --> 31:29.454
EVEN IF THEY CAN’T
READ AND WRITE.

31:29.955 --> 31:33.459
THAT MEANS THE WORLD IS SUDDENLY

31:33.959 --> 31:37.463
100% LITERATE IN
POLITICAL TERMS.

31:37.462 --> 31:45.470
WHICH ALSO MEANS THAT IT’S
ONLY A GENERATION OR SO AWAY
FROM BEING 100% DEMOCRATIC.

31:45.470 --> 31:48.473
THIS WORRIED THE MEXICAN
GOVERNMENT SO MUCH

31:48.473 --> 31:51.476
THAT IT STARTED GIVING VILLAGES
FREE SATELLITE DISHES -

31:51.476 --> 31:55.480
DISHES THAT CONVENIENTLY BROUGHT
IN ONLY MEXICAN CHANNELS.

32:04.990 --> 32:09.495
THE RULING PARTY, PRI, TRIED
TO CONTROL WHAT PEOPLE SAW.

32:09.494 --> 32:11.997
IT GAVE THE COUNTRY’S
LEADING NETWORK, TELEVISA,

32:11.997 --> 32:17.503
A VIRTUAL MONOPOLY ON TV...
IN RETURN FOR A SMALL FAVOUR.

32:20.505 --> 32:22.507
THE NIGHTLY NEWS COVERED

32:23.008 --> 32:26.512
THE PRESIDENT OF MEXICO’S
DAY IN STUNNING DETAIL.

32:26.511 --> 32:30.015
AND THERE WAS LITTLE SIGN
OF OPPOSITION LEADERS.

32:30.015 --> 32:32.017
JUST MORE OF THE PRESIDENT.

32:32.017 --> 32:35.020
UNTIL REALITY
FINALLY BROKE THROUGH.

32:35.020 --> 32:39.525
IN EARLY 1994, ZAPATISTA
REBELS SEIZED 3 TOWNS

32:39.524 --> 32:43.028
IN CHIAPAS STATE,
DEMANDING MORE DEMOCRACY.

32:43.028 --> 32:48.033
THE MEXICAN ARMY EASILY
DROVE THE REBELS BACK,
BUT IT COULDN’T STOP

32:48.033 --> 32:51.537
THE WORLD’S PRESS FROM
BROADCASTING THEIR DEMANDS.

32:51.536 --> 32:55.040
SO THE MEXICAN MEDIA
HAD TO DO THE SAME.

32:55.040 --> 32:59.545
TWO MONTHS LATER,
LUIS DONALDO COLOSIO,

32:59.544 --> 33:02.047
PRESIDENT SALINA’S
HAND-PICKED SUCCESSOR,

33:02.047 --> 33:05.551
WAS THE UNFORTUNATE
VICTIM OF ANOTHER TV DRAMA.

33:12.057 --> 33:14.560
IN THE WEEKS OF
CONFUSION THAT FOLLOWED,

33:14.559 --> 33:19.564
MEXICANS SUSPECTED EVERYBODY
OF THE ASSASSINATION, EVEN
THEIR OWN LEADERS.

33:22.567 --> 33:29.574
THE GOVERNMENT’S CREDIBILITY
WAS SINKING FAST AND IT HAD
TO REGAIN PUBLIC TRUST.

33:29.574 --> 33:35.580
SO PRESIDENT SALINAS HAD TO
OPEN UP THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN
FAR MORE THAN HE HAD PLANNED.

33:40.585 --> 33:46.591
COLOSIO’S FUNERAL PROVED TO BE
THE DEATH OF STATE-CONTROLLED
MEDIA IN MEXICO.

33:53.098 --> 33:56.602
THE OPPOSITION PARTIES STARTED
GETTING SOME TV COVERAGE.

33:56.601 --> 33:58.603
NOT EQUAL TIME, OF COURSE,

33:58.603 --> 34:03.108
BUT THE CHANGES WERE A LOT
LIKE THE EARLY DAYS OF GLASNOST

34:03.108 --> 34:05.611
IN THE OLD SOVIET UNION.

34:05.610 --> 34:09.114
AND THE POINT IS, THERE
IS NO SOVIET UNION ANYMORE.

34:09.114 --> 34:15.120
WE SPENT MOST OF THE 20th
CENTURY SCARED THAT TOTALITARIAN
CONTROL OVER THE MASS MEDIA

34:15.120 --> 34:17.623
WAS A FORMULA FOR
PERPETUAL DICTATORSHIP;

34:17.622 --> 34:20.625
THAT THE REST OF HUMAN HISTORY,
IN GEORGE ORWELL’S WORDS,

34:20.625 --> 34:24.129
WOULD BE "A BOOT STAMPING
ON A HUMAN FACE FOREVER".

34:24.129 --> 34:28.634
THE WONDERFUL SURPRISE
AT THE END OF THE CENTURY
IS, GEORGE ORWELL WAS WRONG.

34:28.633 --> 34:33.638
I’M NOT SAYING THAT THIS
SATELLITE DISH IS A MAGIC
LIBERATOR ALL BY ITSELF.

34:33.638 --> 34:37.142
BUT IT’S ONE OF A WHOLE RANGE
OF COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES,

34:37.142 --> 34:39.645
FROM PHONES TO
PHOTOCOPIERS TO FAXES,

34:39.644 --> 34:44.649
THAT ARE MAKING IT HARDER
AND HARDER TO LIE TO ALL OF
THE PEOPLE ALL OF THE TIME.

34:50.655 --> 34:53.658
THAT’S WHAT DOOMED THE
COMMUNIST REGIMES OF EUROPE.

34:53.658 --> 34:57.662
INFORMATION DESTROYED THEM.

34:58.163 --> 35:00.666
ALMOST ALL THE LATIN AMERICAN
DICTATORSHIPS ARE GONE TOO,

35:00.665 --> 35:03.668
AND MOST OF THE AFRICAN
AND ASIAN ONE-PARTY STATES -

35:03.668 --> 35:07.672
ALL VICTIMS OF THE GLOBAL
COMMUNICATIONS REVOLUTION.

35:14.679 --> 35:17.182
AND MEXICO?

35:17.182 --> 35:21.687
IT WILL PROBABLY JUST SLIDE
INTO DEMOCRACY WITHOUT EVEN
    A REAL REVOLUTION.

35:21.686 --> 35:23.688
WHAT HAPPENS THEN?

35:29.694 --> 35:33.698
THIS IS MATAMOROS, A SMALL
INDUSTRIAL TOWN JUST ACROSS

35:33.698 --> 35:36.701
THE RIO GRANDE RIVER
FROM BROWNSVILLE, TEXAS.

35:37.202 --> 35:40.706
IT’S THE BORDER BETWEEN
THE THIRD WORLD AND THE
    FIRST WORLD...

35:40.705 --> 35:43.208
AND A GOOD PLACE
TO SEE WHAT HAPPENS

35:43.208 --> 35:45.711
WHEN THE THIRD WORLD
STARTS TO CATCH UP.

35:52.217 --> 35:55.721
CROSSING THE BORDER HERE TO
SHOP IN THE FIRST WORLD IS EASY,

35:55.720 --> 35:58.223
BUT WORKING THERE
IS MORE COMPLICATED.

36:03.228 --> 36:07.232
THIS YOUNG MAN SWIMS TO WORK
IN A U.S. SUPERMARKET EVERY DAY,

36:07.232 --> 36:10.235
AND NOBODY REALLY
TRIES TO STOP HIM.

36:10.235 --> 36:14.239
THE NEW STRATEGY FOR
KEEPING MEXICANS AT HOME

36:14.239 --> 36:16.742
IS TO SEND THE WORK
ACROSS THE BORDER.

36:23.748 --> 36:27.752
MOST PEOPLE IN MATAMOROS WORK
IN AMERICAN AND CANADIAN PLANTS.

36:28.253 --> 36:32.758
THEY’RE THE INFAMOUS
MAQUILADORAS: DUTY-FREE PLANTS

36:32.757 --> 36:36.761
THAT ASSEMBLE COMPONENTS FOR
EXPORT BACK TO NORTH AMERICA.

36:36.761 --> 36:38.763
MAQUILADORAS ARE
ROUTINELY ACCUSED

36:38.763 --> 36:41.266
OF USING CHEAP LABOUR,

36:41.266 --> 36:44.770
POLLUTING THE ENVIRONMENT
AND EXPLOITING WOMEN.

36:44.769 --> 36:48.773
BUT THERE’S MORE TO
THE SWEATSHOP FLOOR
THAN MEETS THE EYE.

36:51.776 --> 36:54.779
THIS WOMAN IS ONE OF SEVERAL
HUNDRED THOUSAND MEXICANS

36:54.779 --> 36:57.282
WORKING IN FACTORIES
ALONG THE BORDER -

36:57.282 --> 37:01.286
AND NORTH AMERICAN WORKERS ARE
RIGHT TO WORRY FOR THEIR JOBS.

37:06.291 --> 37:08.794
MEXICAN WOMEN WORK FAST AND WELL

37:08.793 --> 37:11.296
FOR ONE-SIXTH OF
THEIR HOURLY RATE.

37:13.298 --> 37:15.801
BUT EVEN THAT MODEST WAGE
IS TRANSFORMING THE LIVES

37:15.800 --> 37:18.803
OF A LOT OF PEOPLE IN MATAMOROS.

37:21.806 --> 37:24.809
MANY WOMEN ARE SO PLEASED
BY THEIR NEW PROSPERITY

37:24.809 --> 37:28.313
THAT THEY DRESS FOR
WORK AS THOUGH THEY
WERE GOING TO A PARTY.

37:30.815 --> 37:34.819
WORKERS HERE MAKE
    TWICE THE AVERAGE
INDUSTRIAL WAGE IN MEXICO,

37:34.819 --> 37:38.823
AND WILD HORSES COULDN’T DRAG
THEM BACK TO THEIR VILLAGES.

38:15.860 --> 38:18.363
[GWYNNE DYER]: MATAMOROS
IS STILL IN THE THIRD WORLD.

38:18.363 --> 38:21.366
SLUMS LIKE THIS
ARE AWFUL PLACES.

38:23.368 --> 38:28.373
NO ELECTRICITY, NO PLUMBING, AND
ONE TAP PER SO-CALLED "STREET".

38:31.376 --> 38:33.378
THIS IS ACTUALLY A SQUATTER CAMP

38:33.378 --> 38:35.380
BUILT ON A GARBAGE
DUMP 2 YEARS AGO

38:35.380 --> 38:38.383
BY PEOPLE SEEKING
JOBS IN MAQUILADORAS.

38:38.383 --> 38:40.886
BUT EVEN THIS IS AN
IMPROVEMENT ON THE MISERY

38:40.885 --> 38:42.887
THEY LEFT BEHIND
IN THEIR VILLAGES.

38:43.388 --> 38:46.892
AND AS SOON AS PEOPLE HERE GET
A REAL JOB IN A MAQUILADORA,

38:46.891 --> 38:49.894
THEY MOVE INTO MUCH
BETTER NEIGHBOURHOODS.

38:49.894 --> 38:55.400
IT’S UGLY TO LOOK AT - BUT THIS
IS WHAT DEVELOPMENT LOOKS LIKE.

39:00.905 --> 39:03.908
GRAZIELA DE LA ROZA ONCE
LIVED IN A SLUM LIKE THIS

39:03.908 --> 39:05.910
JUST DOWN THE ROAD.

39:05.910 --> 39:08.913
SHE CAME HERE 20 YEARS
AGO FROM A SMALL VILLAGE

39:08.913 --> 39:13.418
AND FOUND WORK
IN A MAQUILADORA.

39:13.418 --> 39:16.421
SHE RAISED 6 CHILDREN
AND SAVED ALL HER MONEY.

39:54.959 --> 39:57.462
[GWYNNE DYER]: GRAZIELA’S
HOME IS HARDLY A PALACE.

39:57.462 --> 40:00.465
BUT IT HAS A FRIDGE, A
STOVE, A WASHING MACHINE,

40:00.465 --> 40:02.467
A PHONE AND ENOUGH GADGETS

40:02.467 --> 40:05.470
TO MAKE HER CHILDREN’S LIVES
MORE COMFORTABLE AND HEALTHIER

40:05.470 --> 40:07.973
THAN MOST FAMILIES IN MEXICO.

40:19.484 --> 40:22.988
GRAZIELA’S CHILDREN
AND GRANDCHILDREN LIVE
IN THE THIRD WORLD,

40:22.987 --> 40:26.991
BUT THEIR HEADS ARE
ALREADY IN THE FIRST WORLD.

40:26.991 --> 40:29.494
IN NORTHERN MEXICO,
THE SATELLITE DISHES

40:29.494 --> 40:31.997
GET AMERICAN STATIONS DIRECT -

40:31.996 --> 40:36.000
AND PEOPLE KNOW ALMOST AS
MUCH ABOUT OUR WORLD AS WE DO.

40:41.005 --> 40:43.508
AND NOT JUST
ABOUT OUR LIFESTYLE.

40:43.508 --> 40:47.512
THEY KNOW ABOUT OUR WAGES,
OUR RIGHTS AND OUR FREEDOMS.

40:52.517 --> 40:56.021
THE FREE TRADE HERE IS NOT
JUST IN GOODS, IT’S IN IDEAS.

40:56.020 --> 40:59.023
AND THAT’S A LARGE PART
OF WHY MATAMOROS IS ONE

40:59.023 --> 41:03.027
OF THE ONLY MEXICAN CITIES
WHERE A 40-HOUR WEEK IS NORMAL.

41:08.032 --> 41:11.035
SOCIOLOGIST ALMA YOLANDA
SAYS THAT THE COMPANIES

41:11.035 --> 41:13.037
STARTED BY HIRING MOSTLY WOMEN

41:13.037 --> 41:17.041
BECAUSE THEY WERE A CHEAP
AND PASSIVE LABOUR FORCE.

41:17.041 --> 41:20.044
BUT MEXICO’S OLD PATRIARCHAL
SYSTEM STARTED TO CRACK

41:20.044 --> 41:22.547
ONCE THEY GOT OUT
OF THEIR HOUSES

41:22.547 --> 41:25.050
AND WENT TO WORK
IN MODERN FACTORIES.

41:27.051 --> 41:29.554
[ALMA YOLANDA]: WOMEN
HAVE TENDED TO LOOK

41:29.554 --> 41:33.058
FOR BETTER EDUCATION
AFTER MAQUILADORA HAS COME.

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THEY DON’T WANT TO BE IN
THE LINE OF PRODUCTION;

41:35.560 --> 41:37.562
THEY WANT TO BE SUPERVISORS.

41:37.562 --> 41:40.065
THEY WANT TO LEARN THE LANGUAGE,
THEY WANT TO COMMUNICATE.

41:40.064 --> 41:44.068
THERE’S A LOT THAT HAS
COME WITH THE MAQUILADORA,
NOT ONLY THE JOBS.

41:44.068 --> 41:47.071
THERE’S A CHANGE IN THEIR
LIVES, IN THE WAY THEY DRESS,

41:47.071 --> 41:51.075
AND THE THINGS
THEY HAVE ACCESS TO.

41:51.576 --> 41:53.078
THEY ARE WITHIN A UNION,

41:53.077 --> 41:56.581
THEY’RE BEING ABLE TO
PARTICIPATE IN ELECTIONS,

41:56.581 --> 41:59.584
NOT ONLY AS VOTERS, BUT
THEY HAVE SOMETHING TO SAY,

41:59.584 --> 42:01.586
THEY’RE ABLE TO CAMPAIGN.

42:01.586 --> 42:05.090
THEY NEVER HAD THAT
OPPORTUNITY BEFORE. SO
IT’S AN OPENING FOR US.

42:05.089 --> 42:08.593
ALL THESE OTHER THINGS THAT
MAQUILADORA HAS BROUGHT TOGETHER

42:08.593 --> 42:14.099
IS OPENING EYES AND IS
OPENING DOORS FOR MEXICANS

42:14.098 --> 42:18.102
TO CONSIDER A VERY
DIFFERENT FUTURE,

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AND ALSO A DIFFERENT
FUTURE POLITICALLY.

42:25.109 --> 42:29.113
[GWYNNE DYER]: THAT
FUTURE CAME MUCH CLOSER
IN THE RECENT ELECTION.

42:29.113 --> 42:31.616
PRI, THE PARTY
THAT’S RULED MEXICO

42:31.616 --> 42:34.119
FOR 70 YEARS, WON AGAIN.

42:34.619 --> 42:37.622
BUT PRESIDENT ERNESTO ZEDILLO,

42:37.622 --> 42:39.624
UNLIKE HIS PREDECESSORS,

42:39.624 --> 42:41.626
HAD TO DO IT HONESTLY.

42:41.626 --> 42:45.130
HE EVEN TOOK PART IN
THE COUNTRY’S FIRST
TELEVISION DEBATE

42:45.129 --> 42:47.131
WITH OTHER CANDIDATES.

42:49.634 --> 42:52.137
THE NEW GOVERNMENT HAS
PROMISED TO SHARE SOME POWER

42:52.136 --> 42:55.139
WITH THE 2nd PLACE PAN PARTY,

42:55.139 --> 43:01.145
AND ANOTHER ONE-PARTY STATE IS
FALLING APART BEFORE OUR EYES.

43:01.145 --> 43:04.148
BUT GETTING RID OF THE
DICTATORSHIPS MAY BE

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THE EASY PART OF THE
DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION.

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ONCE THIRD WORLD PEOPLE
GET FREEDOM AND EQUALITY
IN THEIR OWN COUNTRIES,

43:12.156 --> 43:15.159
THEY WILL DEMAND AN EQUAL
SHARE OF THE WORLD’S WEALTH.

43:15.159 --> 43:18.663
AND MOST OF THAT IS IN THE HANDS
OF THE RICH NORTHERN COUNTRIES.

43:18.663 --> 43:22.167
WILL THE FIRST
WORLD ACCEPT EQUALITY

43:22.166 --> 43:24.168
FOR PEOPLE THEY
SEE AS FOREIGNERS?

43:26.170 --> 43:29.173
IF NOT, WE WILL
ALL BE THE LOSERS.

43:42.186 --> 43:46.691
THE ENTERPRISE OF CIVILISATION
HAS SUCCEEDED FAR BEYOND

43:46.691 --> 43:48.693
THE DREAMS OF OUR ANCESTORS,

43:48.693 --> 43:51.696
BUT NOW WE ARE THREATENED
BY OUR OWN SUCCESS.

43:51.696 --> 43:54.699
SO MANY PEOPLE, SO MANY CARS,

43:54.699 --> 43:58.203
SO MUCH DEVELOPMENT,
CONSUMPTION, POLLUTION.

43:58.202 --> 44:02.707
IT’S BEEN A GREAT RIDE,
BUT NOW IT’S TIME TO GROW UP.

44:09.213 --> 44:12.216
LUIS MANUAL GUERRA IS
TRYING TO GET HIS COUNTRY

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TO DEVELOP MORE SENSIBLY,
TO SKIP THE JUVENILE STAGE

44:15.720 --> 44:18.723
OF OVER-CONSUMPTION
THAT THE WEST PIONEERED.

44:20.725 --> 44:23.728
BUT SO LONG AS PEOPLE IN THE
FIRST WORLD ARE STILL CONSUMING

44:23.728 --> 44:26.231
SO MUCH AND MEXICANS
ARE CONSUMING SO LITTLE,

44:26.230 --> 44:30.234
GUERRA DOESN’T HAVE A PRAYER.

44:32.236 --> 44:34.739
[LUIS MANUEL GUERRA]: OF COURSE,
WE HAVE EXTREME POVERTY

44:34.739 --> 44:37.742
- 20% OF OUR PEOPLE JUST SURVIVE
FROM ONE DAY TO THE NEXT -

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AND WE NEED DEVELOPMENT.
WE NEED JOBS. WE NEED SECURITY.

44:41.245 --> 44:44.248
WE NEED HOUSING. WE NEED
HOSPITALS. WE NEED SCHOOLS.

44:44.248 --> 44:47.752
YOU CANNOT PROMISE THE PEOPLE
TO GO BACK TO THEIR VILLAGES

44:47.752 --> 44:51.756
WHERE THEY DIDN’T HAVE ENOUGH,
WHERE THEY WERE STRUGGLING

44:51.756 --> 44:54.259
JUST TO SURVIVE, WHERE
THEY WERE PRONE TO DISEASE,

44:54.258 --> 44:56.260
WHERE THEY WERE
PRONE TO IGNORANCE

44:56.260 --> 44:59.764
AND TO SIMPLE DEVASTATION
OF THEIR SURROUNDINGS,

44:59.764 --> 45:03.268
BECAUSE THEY DIDN’T HAVE ANY
ALTERNATIVE BUT TO DEVASTATE.

45:08.272 --> 45:11.275
WHEN YOU HAVE JOBLESSNESS,
WHEN YOU HAVE PEOPLE

45:11.275 --> 45:13.778
WHO JUST ARE ON THE
BRINK OF SURVIVAL,

45:13.778 --> 45:17.282
YOU CANNOT TALK WITH THEM
ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT.

45:17.281 --> 45:21.285
SO IT IS VERY EGOISTIC
OF YOU TO SAY, "WE IN THE NORTH,

45:21.285 --> 45:25.790
"CAN ENJOY ALL THE
DEVELOPMENTS OF TECHNOLOGY

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"AND THE ADVANCE OF
SCIENCE AND SO ON,

45:28.292 --> 45:30.294
"AND THE POOR SOUTH
SHOULD STAY AS IT IS,

45:30.294 --> 45:33.297
BECAUSE IF WE DEVELOP THE SOUTH
THEN WE WOULD CREATE HAVOC."

45:33.297 --> 45:36.300
IT ISN’T SO. IT IS
THE SAME SIDE OF A COIN.

45:36.300 --> 45:39.303
WE CANNOT THINK IN BLACK
AND WHITE, NORTH AND SOUTH,

45:39.303 --> 45:43.307
THE RICH AND THE POOR.
WE HAVE TO THINK

45:43.307 --> 45:45.810
OF ONE GLOBAL VILLAGE.

45:45.810 --> 45:48.813
[GWYNNE DYER]: ECOLOGICAL
PROBLEMS LIKE MEXICO CITY’S

45:48.813 --> 45:50.315
THREATEN US ALL.

45:50.314 --> 45:52.817
AND TO DEAL WITH
THEM, WE’RE ALL GOING

45:52.817 --> 45:55.320
TO HAVE TO SHARE
THE SACRIFICES.

45:57.822 --> 46:01.326
THERE WILL HAVE
TO BE GLOBAL RULES.

46:01.325 --> 46:04.829
PRIVATE CARS WILL PROBABLY
HAVE TO BE RATIONED.

46:04.829 --> 46:07.332
SAY, ONE CAR FOR
EVERY TEN PEOPLE,

46:07.331 --> 46:09.834
NO MATTER WHICH
COUNTRY YOU LIVE IN.

46:09.834 --> 46:12.337
SOME OTHER COMMODITIES
MAY ALSO HAVE TO BE

46:12.336 --> 46:14.338
RATIONED FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL REASONS:

46:14.338 --> 46:18.843
ENERGY, MEAT, WATER, FUEL.

46:18.843 --> 46:21.846
AND JOBS MAY HAVE
TO BE RATIONED TOO.

46:21.846 --> 46:24.849
PEOPLE IN NORTHERN COUNTRIES

46:24.849 --> 46:27.352
WILL PROBABLY
HAVE FEWER GOOD JOBS -

46:27.351 --> 46:31.856
AS PEOPLE IN THE SOUTH
CLAIM THEIR FAIR SHARE.

46:35.359 --> 46:38.863
WE WILL JUST HAVE TO ADJUST,
WHICH MAY MEAN FOUR-DAY WEEKS

46:38.863 --> 46:42.367
AND LOWER INCOMES TO
SPREAD THE WORK AROUND.

46:42.366 --> 46:46.871
THE GLOBAL ECONOMY HAS ALREADY
BEGUN THE PROCESS FOR US.

46:46.871 --> 46:48.873
THE NORTH WORRIES
ABOUT RECESSIONS,

46:49.373 --> 46:52.376
BUT MANY BIG SOUTHERN COUNTRIES
ARE HAVING A PERMANENT BOOM.

46:54.879 --> 46:57.882
THE GOOD NEWS IS THAT THERE’S
PROBABLY ENOUGH TO GO AROUND

46:57.882 --> 47:00.385
ON THIS PLANET
IF WE’RE SENSIBLE.

47:00.384 --> 47:05.389
WE MAY HAVE TO MAKE DO WITH LESS
THAT OUR PARENTS’ GENERATION.

47:05.389 --> 47:07.391
BUT NOBODY ELSE IN HISTORY,

47:07.391 --> 47:11.395
NOT EVEN THE KINGS OF OLD
EUROPE, HAS HAD IT SO GOOD.

47:19.904 --> 47:23.408
LUIS MANUEL GUERRA IS
ACTUALLY QUITE OPTIMISTIC.

47:23.407 --> 47:27.912
HE THINKS HUMAN BEINGS
WILL CHANGE THEIR BEHAVIOUR

47:27.912 --> 47:30.415
BEFORE TOO MANY
SPECIES DISAPPEAR.

47:32.416 --> 47:35.419
BUT HE’S NOT THAT
OPTIMISTIC. HE ALSO THINKS

47:35.419 --> 47:38.422
IT WILL TAKE SOME
MAJOR GLOBAL DISASTERS

47:38.923 --> 47:41.426
BEFORE WE START MOVING
IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION.

47:41.425 --> 47:44.428
[LUIS MANUEL GUERRA]: I AM
VERY SURE THAT WE WILL HAVE

47:44.428 --> 47:47.932
SOME VERY BIG
ENVIRONMENTAL CATASTROPHES.

47:47.932 --> 47:52.437
IT IS SOMETIMES THROUGH
PAIN, HOW WE LEARN.

47:52.436 --> 47:57.441
WHEN MIAMI STARTS TO DISAPPEAR,
AND THE ECONOMIC BLOW IS THERE,

47:57.441 --> 47:59.443
PEOPLE ARE GOING
TO TAKE MEASURES

47:59.443 --> 48:02.446
TO REDRESS THE WARMING
OF THE ATMOSPHERE.

48:02.446 --> 48:05.449
WHEN THE CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY

48:05.449 --> 48:08.452
IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
    STARTS TO RISE

48:08.452 --> 48:10.454
AND THE NORTHERN
COUNTRIES REALIZE

48:10.454 --> 48:12.957
THAT IT’S GOING TO AFFECT
THEM IN THEIR WELL-BEING,

48:12.957 --> 48:16.961
THEY’RE GOING TO DEVISE FORMS
OF MORE RATIONAL USE OF ENERGY.

48:16.961 --> 48:21.966
AND THAT WILL BE HELPED WITH THE
BIG CATASTROPHES THAT’LL COME.

48:32.476 --> 48:35.980
[GWYNNE DYER]: ON THIS
POINT ALONE, LET US
HOPE GUERRA IS WRONG.

48:35.980 --> 48:38.483
THAT THE WORLD CAN
CHANGE ITS WAYS WITHOUT

48:38.482 --> 48:42.486
THE BIG CATASTROPHES.
AND BELIEVE IT OR NOT,

48:42.486 --> 48:44.989
WE ARE MOVING IN
THE RIGHT DIRECTION.

48:47.491 --> 48:51.495
THIS IS THE FIRST DECADE IN
HUMAN HISTORY WHEN A MAJORITY

48:51.495 --> 48:54.498
OF HUMAN BEINGS HAVE
LIVED IN DEMOCRACIES,

48:54.498 --> 48:58.002
AND THAT CHANGES
WHAT IS POSSIBLE.

48:58.002 --> 49:01.506
PEOPLE ARE FINALLY
GRASPING THE CONCEPT

49:01.505 --> 49:04.008
OF EQUAL RIGHTS WITHIN
THEIR OWN COUNTRIES.

49:07.511 --> 49:09.513
NOW WE HAVE TO
EXPAND OUR THINKING

49:09.513 --> 49:12.016
AND MAKE THE WHOLE
HUMAN RACE OUR COUNTRY.

49:21.525 --> 49:23.527
NO PROMISES, BUT MAYBE...

49:23.527 --> 49:27.531
JUST MAYBE... THE
WORLD IS CHANGING FAST
ENOUGH TO HAVE A CHANCE.

49:27.531 --> 49:30.534
THIS IS ONLY THE 5th OR 6th
GENERATION OF HUMAN BEINGS

49:30.534 --> 49:33.037
TO BELIEVE THAT SLAVERY
WAS NOT ACCEPTABLE.

49:33.037 --> 49:35.039
IT’S ONLY THE 3rd
OR 4th GENERATION

49:35.039 --> 49:37.542
TO BELIEVE THAT WAR, ON
THE WHOLE, IS A BAD THING.

49:37.541 --> 49:41.045
AND IT’S ONLY THE 1st OR
2nd GENERATION TO START
TRYING TO DO SOMETHING

49:41.045 --> 49:44.048
ABOUT THE PLIGHT OF WOMEN
IN A PATRIARCHAL SOCIETY.

49:44.048 --> 49:48.052
BASICALLY, WE OWE ALL THESE
CHANGES TO THE INVENTION OF
    THE MASS MEDIA:

49:48.052 --> 49:53.057
THAT’S WHAT FINALLY MADE
DEMOCRACY AND EQUALITY
WORKABLE IN MASS SOCIETIES.

49:53.057 --> 49:56.561
BUT THE SAME TECHNOLOGY THAT’S
GIVEN US MASS COMMUNICATIONS

49:56.560 --> 49:58.562
HAS ALSO GIVEN US
MASS PRODUCTION,

49:58.562 --> 50:01.565
MASS CONSUMPTION, WEAPONS
OF MASS DESTRUCTION:

50:01.565 --> 50:04.568
THE ABILITY TO WRECK
OUR ENTIRE PLANET.

50:04.568 --> 50:08.072
WE ARE IN A RACE, AND UNLESS
WE TAKE THE FINAL STEP,

50:08.072 --> 50:10.575
WE COULD LOSE EVERYTHING.

50:13.577 --> 50:17.081
AFTER ALL THESE CENTURIES,
    WE HAVE TO ACCEPT

50:17.081 --> 50:19.083
THAT FOREIGNERS ARE PEOPLE TOO,

50:19.083 --> 50:21.085
ENTITLED TO THE SAME
THINGS THAT WE ARE.

50:21.085 --> 50:24.589
THE THIRD WORLD
HAS TO HAVE MORE,

50:24.588 --> 50:27.091
AND WE HAVE TO LIVE WITH LESS.

50:27.091 --> 50:31.596
BUT IN A GLOBAL VILLAGE, IT
ISN’T REALLY THEM AND US ANYWAY.

50:31.595 --> 50:35.099
AS A CARTOON CHARACTER
IN POGO ONCE SAID:

50:35.099 --> 50:38.102
"THEM IS US."

51:23.647 --> 51:25.649
CAPTIONS PERFORMED BY

51:25.649 --> 51:29.653
CENTRE NATIONAL
DU SOUS-TITRAGE PST INC.